Burlington
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About this ebook
community and people; sometimes poignant, often
eccentric, but always intriguing. More than 200 photographs from selected sources take Burlington from 1860 to 1960, and give the reader a glimpse of the people, places, and events that created the city we know today. They include the changing face of the waterfront, the metamorphosis of streets and parks, downtown growth, a variety of prominent residents, and visitors from presidents to national heroes.
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Book preview
Burlington - David E. Robinson
(1991).
Introduction
Burlington, Vermont, is situated in Chittenden County on the eastern shore of Lake Champlain. Chartered by Benning Wentworth, the Colonial governor of New Hampshire on June 7, 1763, the original town contained 36 square miles. Township proprietors held their first meeting in Salisbury, Connecticut, in March of 1774, with Col. Thomas Chittenden as moderator and Ira Allen as clerk. Ethan Allen and Remember Baker were among the proprietors. A few logs lashed together as a makeshift wharf on the bay near the foot of King Street marked the beginning of commercial activity on the waterfront. In 1791, three houses were situated near the foot of Battery Street. When Prince Edward, Queen Victoria’s father, visited during the winter of 1793, only seven houses existed in the village.
Burlington was organized in March 1797. By 1800, the population was steadily increasing, the wharves were being extended, and residences and businesses were spreading up the hillside. In 1865, the town was incorporated as a city, and the population rose to 14,387 in 1870.
The Burlington Board of Trade in 1889 wrote:
Burlington is the metropolis of Vermont, the capital of Chittenden County, and the trade center of Lake Champlain. It stands on the old seigniory of La Manaudiere, the property of Pierre Ramibault when the French began to settle on Lake Champlain. ... No city or village in New England surpasses Burlington in beauty of location.... Burlington is fortunate not only in natural location and surroundings, but is kept inviting and healthy. Its streets are well-lined with shade trees, the water supply is pure and abundant, the police force prompt and efficient in enforcing the laws, and the fire department thoroughly organized, and supplemented by the fire alarm telegraph and telephone, furnish protection to property.
These qualities have continued to attract visitors and new residents to Burlington for the one hundred and eight years since.
No book, especially a short one, can include all of the images of people and places that every reader might wish to see. Some photographs we sought were unavailable to us; some were selected for historical importance, even when the images were unclear because there were no other accessible depictions of that particular person or place. As the reader will notice from the photos that show empty streets, early photographers were careful to exclude people from their images, as the exposure times needed were so long that most human subjects blurred.
We have endeavored to provide an overview of Burlington from 1860 to 1960, a century of tremendous growth for this small city. Through the generosity and support of individuals and businesses with private collections, we have included many photographs in this book that have not been published within the last thirty-five years. Buildings long absent from the cityscape and many of the faces you will see here may be unfamiliar today, yet they were the Burlington known by generations past. These Burlingtonians helped to build their community and, in some cases, gave their services to the nation.
Compiling this book has given us a deeper sense of our own connection to the Burlington of years ago. We hope the reader will enjoy, in these images, that same connection.
David Robinson
Mary Ann DiSpirito
Burlington, Vermont
April 1997
One
Lakefront
Beginning in 1809, Champlain was the first lake in the world with regularly scheduled steamboat service. Ease of water travel and the advent of the railway system made Burlington a hub of commerce. The Central Vermont Railway terminal located at the foot of College Street and seen behind the pier was built during the Civil War.
In 1900, Burlington still depended upon railroad and lake transportation for its economic prosperity. Freight yards owned by the Central Vermont, Burlington & Lamoille, and Rutland & Burlington railroads handled most of the goods going in and out of Burlington.
The Lake Champlain Yacht Club was organized on May 16, 1887, and incorporated November 16,