Soaring and Gliding: The Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Area
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About this ebook
Modern sailplanes make soaring and gliding flight possible, and with them, humans can fly higher, faster, and farther than the greatest of birds, using only an invisible force of nature to stay aloft. The terms soaring and gliding are used interchangeably, and the sport is appealing to pilot and spectator alike. Sailplane enthusiasts have always been explorers, always looking for a more ideal site that will provide the intellectual challenges of soaring as well as the sheer beauty and relaxation the sport can offer. Michigan-based glider pilots and designers found their soaring paradise in the early 1930s when they ventured north to the Sleeping Bear Dunes area. The explorers began to promote the sport to national and international prominence, and many came to make up a veritable who s who of American aeronautics. Over a century after Octave Chanute discovered motorless flight on the Lake Michigan dunes, sailplanes, hang gliders, and paragliders still fill the skies.
Jeffery P. Sandman
In Soaring and Gliding: The Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore Area, historian Peter R. Sandman, recipient of soaring awards from the National Soaring Museum in Elmira, New York, and the Los Angeles�based Citizen Savings Athletic Foundation, joins forces with his son, Jeffery P. Sandman, who has written extensively on soaring in the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore area relative to early tourism promotion in northwestern Michigan.
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Soaring and Gliding - Jeffery P. Sandman
Sandman
INTRODUCTION
For once you have tasted flight, you will walk the earth with your eyes turned skyward; for there you have been, and there you long to return,
Leonardo Da Vinci said. Since Da Vinci’s first scientific observations on the subject of flight, man has been enthralled with motorless flight. Beginning with Octave Chanute in the 1890s, many of those people have experimented with soaring and gliding along the bluffs of Lake Michigan from Michigan City, Indiana, where Chanute conducted many of his flights, to the Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore area nearly 300 miles north.
The first successful flight of a glider built in Michigan was just miles from Sleeping Bear when Edwin Elton Smith of Traverse City soared 600 feet at an altitude of 50 feet on October 17, 1909. Charles Augustine built the craft at a farm near Arbutus Lake. Twenty years later, Hawley Bowlus flew over the clay bluffs south of Ludington. Bowlus had given Col. Charles Lindbergh his first glider lessons earlier in 1929. In 1930, a young pilot flew a glider for 27 miles along the shore in the vicinity of South Haven.
Determined to find out all the possibilities of soaring along the Lake Michigan bluffs, a group of businessmen from Detroit, who had formed a glider club, began expeditions to the Sleeping Bear Dunes near Empire. What they found in the area was some of the best soaring terrain in the country. The dunes provided a high, steep slope against and up over which the wind will blow, keeping gliders soaring for hours in this upward deflected current of air, and its ridge had amble backing, sufficient length, and amble space on top of the ridge and at the bottom for taking off and landing. Most important, the dunes area provided several ridges, facing in the several directions from which the wind is liable to blow, so that flying may be conducted every day.
By 1935, the group began making the treks every few weeks promoting the sport and the area through the West Michigan Tourist and Resort Association, the Traverse City Chamber of Commerce, and the nation’s foremost soaring officials themselves. Dr. Wolfgang Klemperer, who had been the first to soar at the Wasserkuppe in Germany in 1920; Capt. Ralph S. Barnaby, who had broken Orville Wright’s soaring record at Cape Cod in 1929; early Soaring Society of America official Lewin Barringer; and financier Richard C. duPont began to tout the Sleeping Bear Dunes area as one of the best and safest sites to soar.
The work by the tourist association and the chamber of commerce was the first concerted effort to promote tourism in northern Michigan with a recreation-related event. With talk of developing the Sleeping Bear Dunes area into a state park and the appropriation of monies from the legislature to promote the state along with new visitor centers opening up in the southwestern part of the state and at the tip of the Michigan-Wisconsin border in the Upper Peninsula, tourism to the northwestern Michigan area was being born.
The following year, the Detroit-based glider pilots hosted a very successful and competitive meet that attracted young college students including Jack Laister and Paul Bikle, the likes of who would help us win World War II with their aeronautic development and designs and eventually land us on the moon with their research.
By late 1937, the small towns of Frankfort and Elberta, just south of the dunes area, caught the soaring fever
and began promoting the sport to national attention, convincing two of the best glider pilots in the nation, Stan Corcoran and Ted Bellak, to stay and start a glider factory and a soaring school. Soaring became an everyday word, and publications such as National Geographic, Reader’s Digest, Saturday Evening Post, and Life all covered stories of the area’s romance with the sport.
With the onset of the war, the Frankfort Sailplane Company received government contracts to build training gliders, and although the company moved to Joliet, Illinois, for financial reasons, the name stayed the same, and many of the local employees moved with the company. Many who had received their glider licenses from Corcoran and Bellak at the Frankfort Soaring School ended up training others in the army air corps at LaMesa Field and Stamford Flying School in Texas.
When the war ended, the soaring activity in the area was resumed, mainly through the efforts of Zada Price. He organized soaring meets that were competitive, fun, and mixed with a hospitality that had been displayed in the 1930s. The area became known for great soaring possibilities in an informal atmosphere. Price would die in a glider crash in 1960, but his daughter and son-in-law Elaine and Stollie Larson continued the promotion of the sport in the area.
In the early 1970s, they, along with others associated with the sport, decided to honor those pilots and designers who had promoted the sport throughout the years and had gone on to national fame by holding an annual festival climaxed with a hall-of-fame banquet. The soaring legends came back, some after not being in the area for decades, and those honored comprised a virtual who’s who of American aeronautics.
Soaring is still very prevalent as the Northwest Soaring Club, an offshoot of the original organization that Price began after World War II, is logging numerous glider flights daily from the Frankfort airport. By 1973, hang glider pilots discovered the bluffs south of