Everand Logo

Welcome to Everand!

  • Discover millions of ebooks, audiobooks, and so much more with a free trial

    Only $11.99/month after trial. Cancel anytime.

    Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments
    Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments
    Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments
    Ebook189 pages1 hour

    Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments

    By Kenneth Kee

    ()

    Read preview

    About this ebook

    This book describes Knee Disorders, Diagnosis and Treatment and Improvised Treatments
    The knee is one of the largest and also the most complicated joint in the body.
    The knee attaches the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia).
    The smaller bone that passes alongside the tibia (fibula) and the kneecap (patella) are the other bones that make the knee joint.
    Tendons attach the knee bones to the leg muscles that move the knee joint.
    Ligaments connect the knee bones and give stability to the knee:
    1. The anterior cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding backward on the tibia (or the tibia sliding forward on the femur).
    2. The posterior cruciate ligament stops the femur from moving forward on the tibia (or the tibia from moving backward on the femur).
    3. The medial and lateral collateral ligaments prevent the femur from sliding side to side.
    Two C-shaped pieces of cartilage called the medial and lateral menisci function as shock absorbers between the femur and tibia.
    Many bursae or fluid-filled sacs assist the knee to move smoothly.

    Frequent Knee Disorders
    1. Chondromalacia patella (also called patellofemoral syndrome):
    There is irritation of the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap (patella), causing knee pain.
    This is a frequent cause of knee pain in young people.
    2. Knee osteoarthritis:
    Osteoarthritis is the most frequent form of arthritis, and often involves the knees.
    Produced by aging and wear and tear of cartilage, osteoarthritis symptoms may be knee pain, stiffness, and swelling.
    3. Knee effusion:
    Fluid builds up inside the knee, normally from inflammation or gout.
    Any form of arthritis or injury may produce a knee effusion.
    4. Meniscal tear:
    Damage to a meniscus, the cartilage that pillows the knee, often happens with twisting the knee.
    Large tears may induce the knee to lock.
    5. ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) strain or tear:
    The ACL accounts for a large part of the knee’s stability.
    An ACL tear often causes the knee to give out, and may need surgical repair.
    6. PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) strain or tear:
    PCL tears can produce pain, swelling, and knee instability.
    These injuries are less frequent than ACL tears, and physical therapy (rather than surgery) is normally the best treatment.
    7. MCL (medial collateral ligament) strain or tear:
    This injury may produce pain and possible instability to the inner side of the knee.
    8. Patellar subluxation:
    The kneecap subluxes abnormally or dislocates along the thigh bone during activity.
    Knee pain around the kneecap happens.
    9. Patellar tendonitis:
    There is inflammation of the tendon joining the kneecap (patella) to the shin bone.
    This happens mostly in athletes from repeated jumping.
    10. Knee bursitis:
    Pain, swelling, and warmth occur in any of the bursae of the knee.
    Bursitis often happens from overuse or injury.
    11. Baker’s cyst:
    Collection of fluid occurs in the bursa in the back of the knee.
    Baker’s cysts normally form from a persistent effusion as in disorders such as arthritis.
    12. Rheumatoid arthritis:
    This is an autoimmune disorder that can cause arthritis in any joint, such as the knees.
    If untreated, rheumatoid arthritis can produce permanent joint damage.
    13. Gout:
    Gout is a form of arthritis produced by buildup of uric acid crystals in a joint.
    The knees may be involved, producing episodes of severe pain and swelling.
    14. Pseudo gout:
    This is a form of arthritis similar to gout, produced by calcium pyrophosphate crystals depositing in the knee or other joints.

    TABLE OF CONTENT
    Introduction
    Chapter 1 Knee and Disorders
    Chapter 2 Knee Arthritis
    Chapter 3 Knee Dislocation
    Chapter 4 Kneecap Dislocation
    Chapter 5 Anterior Cruciate Ligament
    Chapter 6 Posterior Cruciate Ligament
    Chapter 7 Baker Cyst
    Chapte

    LanguageEnglish
    PublisherKenneth Kee
    Release dateAug 30, 2019
    ISBN9781370433179
    Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments
    Author

    Kenneth Kee

    Medical doctor since 1972.Started Kee Clinic in 1974 at 15 Holland Dr #03-102, relocated to 36 Holland Dr #01-10 in 2009.Did my M.Sc (Health Management ) in 1991 and Ph.D (Healthcare Administration) in 1993.Dr Kenneth Kee is still working as a family doctor at the age of 74However he has reduced his consultation hours to 3 hours in the morning and 2 hours inthe afternoon.He first started writing free blogs on medical disorders seen in the clinic in 2007 on http://kennethkee.blogspot.com.His purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of his patients which is also his dissertation for his Ph.D (Healthcare Administration). He then wrote an autobiography account of his journey as a medical student to family doctor on his other blog http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.comThis autobiography account “A Family Doctor’s Tale” was combined with his early “A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders” into a new Wordpress Blog “A Family Doctor’s Tale” on http://ken-med.com.From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 1000 eBooks.He apologized for typos and spelling mistakes in his earlier books.He will endeavor to improve the writing in futures.Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.The later books go into more details of medical disorders.He has published 1000 eBooks on various subjects on health, 1 autobiography of his medical journey, another on the autobiography of a Cancer survivor, 2 children stories and one how to study for his nephew and grand-daughter.The purpose of these simple guides is to educate patient on health disorders and not meant as textbooks.He does not do any night duty since 2000 ever since Dr Tan had his second stroke.His clinic is now relocated to the Buona Vista Community Centre.The 2 units of his original clinic are being demolished to make way for a new Shopping Mall.He is now doing some blogging and internet surfing (bulletin boards since the 1980's) startingwith the Apple computer and going to PC.The entire PC is upgraded by himself from XT to the present Pentium duo core.The present Intel i7 CPU is out of reach at the moment because the CPU is still expensive.He is also into DIY changing his own toilet cistern and other electric appliance.His hunger for knowledge has not abated and he is a lifelong learner.The children have all grown up and there are 2 grandchildren who are even more technically advanced than the grandfather where mobile phones are concerned.This book is taken from some of the many articles in his blog (now with 740 posts) A Family Doctor’s Tale.Dr Kee is the author of:"A Family Doctor's Tale""Life Lessons Learned From The Study And Practice Of Medicine""Case Notes From A Family Doctor"

    Read more from Kenneth Kee

    Related to Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments

    Related ebooks

    Medical For You

    View More
    View More

    Related podcast episodes

    Related articles

    • Article

      Getting Off Your Nerves

      Jul 21, 2019

      Getting Off Your Nerves
      7 min read

    • Article

      Editor’s Letter

      Sep 29, 2023

      Editor’s Letter
      1 min read

    • Article

      Standing Tall

      Mar 19, 2020

      Standing Tall
      2 min read

    • Article

      Nagging Knee Pain

      Oct 6, 2023

      Nagging Knee Pain
      5 min read

    • Article

      Coping with... ROTATOR CUFF SYNDROME

      Oct 5, 2023

      The rotator cuff is a muscle group joining the shoulder blade and arm, stabilising the shoulder. On lifting your arm, the rotator cuff tendon that connects muscles to bone passes through a narrow space called the subacromial space. Impingement occurs

      2 min read

    • Article

      Doctor River What's Up Doc ?

      Aug 5, 2021

      Doctor River What's Up Doc ?
      3 min read

    • Article

      Knees: Understanding Risks and Overcoming Injury

      Nov 26, 2021

      In any given year, it is estimated that approximately 1 out of every 4 active ultramarathon runners will suffer from knee pain or a knee-related injury (Hoffman, 2104). What most people don’t know is that running, more often and in further distances,

      8 min read

    • Article

      You Don’t Need A Hip Replacement

      Jul 21, 2019

      You Don’t Need A Hip Replacement
      10 min read

    • Article

      Pain In The Back!

      Dec 8, 2019

      Pain In The Back!
      2 min read

    • Article

      Knee Pain

      Feb 18, 2021

      Knee Pain
      5 min read

    • Article

      Beating Sciatica

      Aug 20, 2023

      Beating Sciatica
      4 min read

    • Article

      Shooting From The Hip

      Oct 15, 2018

      Shooting From The Hip
      3 min read

    • Article

      Meniscus Tears: What You“kneed”to Know

      Mar 12, 2019

      Believe it or not, your knees take a beating hiking in and out of rivers and around rapids with a boat on your shoulder! One wrong step could be very painful and costly in terms of your mobility and future life in your boat. Here is some important in

      3 min read

    • Article

      Ask the Doctor

      Jun 18, 2020

      Why does my neck sometimes hurt after cycling? Neck pain is common in cyclists. The most common reason is usually poor riding position. If the front of the bike is too low, then in order to look ahead, the neck has to be over-extended, resulting in n

      2 min read

    • Article

      Calves Like Bricks

      Sep 21, 2018

      Calves Like Bricks
      3 min read

    • Article

      Fixing A Foot

      Dec 8, 2022

      Fixing A Foot
      3 min read

    • Article

      Best Foot Forward

      Mar 6, 2022

      Best Foot Forward
      6 min read

    • Article

      Stifling A Problem

      Jul 21, 2022

      Stifling A Problem
      4 min read

    • Article

      K Knees

      May 26, 2017

      K Knees
      1 min read

    • Article

      Feel Great

      Sep 5, 2023

      My hope in writing this column is that you are developing a fitness routine for yourself that suits your lifestyle and gets results. Why? Because strength training places a demand on muscles, bones, tendons and ligaments, which makes them get stronge

      2 min read

    • Article

      No More aches?

      Jun 20, 2023

      No More aches?
      6 min read

    • Article

      Knee To Know

      Jul 19, 2022

      Knee To Know
      2 min read

    • Article

      BANISH Nasty Niggles

      Jun 27, 2019

      BANISH Nasty Niggles
      3 min read

    • Article

      Preventing Hikers Knee

      Nov 21, 2019

      Preventing Hikers Knee
      2 min read

    • Article

      What To Do If You Have Knee Pain:

      Nov 26, 2021

      1. If your knee hurts when you are doing a particular activity, stop doing that activity but stay active in other ways that are not painful with a plan to gradually resume the painful activity later. 2. See someone you trust for a diagnosis if the pa

      1 min read

    • Article

      What To Know About KNEES

      Apr 15, 2022

      What To Know About KNEES
      9 min read

    Related categories

    Reviews for Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments

    0 ratings

    0 ratings0 reviews

    What did you think?

    Tap to rate

    Review must be at least 10 words

      Book preview

      Knee Disorders, A Simple Guide To The Condition, Diagnosis, Treatment And Improvised Treatments - Kenneth Kee

      Knee Disorders,

      A

      Simple

      Guide

      To

      The Condition,

      Diagnosis,

      Treatment

      And

      Improvised Treatments

      By

      Dr Kenneth Kee

      M.B.,B.S. (Singapore)

      Ph.D (Healthcare Administration)

      Copyright Kenneth Kee 2019 Smashwords Edition

      Published by Kenneth Kee at Smashwords.com

      Dedication

      This book is dedicated

      To my wife Dorothy

      And my children

      Carolyn, Grace

      And Kelvin

      This book describes Knee Disorders, Diagnosis and Treatment and Improvised Treatments which is seen in some of my patients in my Family Clinic.

      (What You Need to Treat Knee Disorders with Improvised Treatment)

      This e-Book is licensed for your personal enjoyment only. This eBook may not be re-sold or given away to other people. If you would like to share this book with another person, please purchase an additional copy for each reader.

      If you’re reading this book and did not purchase it, or it was not purchased for your use only, then please return to Smashwords.com and purchase your own copy.

      Thank you for respecting the hard work of this author.

      Introduction

      I have been writing medical articles for my blog: http://kennethkee.blogspot.com (A Simple Guide to Medical Disorder) for the benefit of my patients since 2007.

      My purpose in writing these simple guides was for the health education of my patients.

      Health Education was also my dissertation for my Ph.D (Healthcare Administration).

      I then wrote an autobiography account of my journey as a medical student to family doctor on my other blog: http://afamilydoctorstale.blogspot.com.

      This autobiography account A Family Doctor’s Tale was combined with my early A Simple Guide to Medical Disorders into a new Wordpress Blog A Family Doctor’s Tale on http://kenkee481.wordpress.com.

      From which many free articles from the blog was taken and put together into 800 eBooks.

      Some people have complained that the simple guides are too simple.

      For their information they are made simple in order to educate the patients.

      The later books go into more details of medical disorders.

      The first chapter is always from my earlier blogs which unfortunately tends to have typos and spelling mistakes.

      Since 2013, I have tried to improve my spelling and writing.

      As I tried to bring the patient the latest information about a disorder or illness by reading the latest journals both online and offline, I find that I am learning more and improving on my own medical knowledge in diagnosis and treatment for my patients.

      Just by writing all these simple guides I find that I have learned a lot from your reviews (good or bad), criticism and advice.

      I am sorry for the repetitions in these simple guides as the second chapters onwards have new information as compared to my first chapter taken from my blog.

      I also find repetition definitely help me and maybe some readers to remember the facts in the books more easily.

      I apologize if these repetitions are irritating to some readers.

      Chapter 1

      The Knee and Its Disorders

      The knee is one of the largest and also the most complicated joint in the body.

      The knee attaches the thigh bone (femur) to the shin bone (tibia).

      The smaller bone that passes alongside the tibia (fibula) and the kneecap (patella) are the other bones that make the knee joint.

      Tendons attach the knee bones to the leg muscles that move the knee joint.

      Ligaments connect the knee bones and give stability to the knee:

      1. The anterior cruciate ligament prevents the femur from sliding backward on the tibia (or the tibia sliding forward on the femur).

      2. The posterior cruciate ligament stops the femur from moving forward on the tibia (or the tibia from moving backward on the femur).

      3. The medial and lateral collateral ligaments prevent the femur from sliding side to side.

      Two C-shaped pieces of cartilage called the medial and lateral menisci function as shock absorbers between the femur and tibia.

      Many bursae or fluid-filled sacs assist the knee to move smoothly.

      Frequent Knee Disorders

      1. Chondromalacia patella (also called patellofemoral syndrome):

      There is irritation of the cartilage on the underside of the kneecap (patella), causing knee pain.

      This is a frequent cause of knee pain in young people.

      2. Knee osteoarthritis:

      Osteoarthritis is the most frequent form of arthritis, and often involves the knees.

      Produced by aging and wear and tear of cartilage, osteoarthritis symptoms may be knee pain, stiffness, and swelling.

      3. Knee effusion:

      Fluid builds up inside the knee, normally from inflammation or gout.

      Any form of arthritis or injury may produce a knee effusion.

      4. Meniscal tear:

      Damage to a meniscus, the cartilage that pillows the knee, often happens with twisting the knee.

      Large tears may induce the knee to lock.

      5. ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) strain or tear:

      The ACL accounts for a large part of the knee’s stability.

      An ACL tear often causes the knee to give out, and may need surgical repair.

      6. PCL (posterior cruciate ligament) strain or tear:

      PCL tears can produce pain, swelling, and knee instability.

      These injuries are less frequent than ACL tears, and physical therapy (rather than surgery) is normally the best treatment.

      7. MCL (medial collateral ligament) strain or tear:

      This injury may produce pain and possible instability to the inner side of the knee.

      8. Patellar subluxation:

      The kneecap subluxes abnormally or dislocates along the thigh bone during activity.

      Knee pain around the kneecap happens.

      9. Patellar tendonitis:

      There is inflammation of the tendon joining the kneecap (patella) to the shin bone.

      This happens mostly in athletes from repeated jumping.

      10. Knee bursitis:

      Pain, swelling, and warmth occur in any of the bursae of the knee.

      Bursitis often happens from overuse or injury.

      11. Baker’s cyst:

      Collection of fluid occurs in the bursa in the back of the knee.

      Baker’s cysts normally form from a persistent effusion as in disorders such as arthritis.

      12. Rheumatoid arthritis:

      This is an autoimmune disorder that can cause arthritis in any joint, such as the knees.

      If untreated, rheumatoid arthritis can produce permanent joint damage.

      13. Gout:

      Gout is a form of arthritis produced by buildup of uric acid crystals in a joint.

      The knees may be involved, producing episodes of severe pain and swelling.

      14. Pseudo gout:

      This is a form of arthritis similar to gout, produced by calcium pyrophosphate crystals depositing in the knee or other joints.

      15. Septic arthritis:

      The arthritis is due to infection produced by bacteria, a virus, or fungus inside the knee can cause inflammation, pain, swelling, and difficulty moving the knee.

      While uncommon, septic arthritis is a serious disorder that normally gets worse quickly without treatment.

      Knee Tests

      Physical examination:

      By examining the site of knee pain and checking for swelling or abnormal movement, a doctor collects information about possible causes of injury or stress on the knee.

      Drawer test:

      With the knee bent, a doctor can pull forward (anterior drawer test) and push backwards (posterior drawer test) the lower leg while keeping the foot stable to examine the stability of the ACL and PCL knee ligaments.

      Valgus stress test:

      Pushing the calf outward while keeping the thigh stable, a doctor can examine for injury to the medial collateral ligament (MCL).

      Pushing the calf inward (varus stress test), a doctor can look for injury to the lateral collateral ligament (LCL).

      Knee X-ray:

      A plain X-ray film of the knee is normally the best first imaging test for most knee disorders.

      Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI scan):

      With the use of high-energy magnetic waves, an MRI scanner produces highly detailed images of the knee and leg.

      An MRI scan is the most-often used method of detecting ligament and meniscal injuries.

      Arthrocentesis of the knee (joint aspiration):

      A needle is placed into the joint space inside the knee, and fluid is taken out.

      Different types of arthritis may be diagnosed using knee arthrocentesis.

      Arthroscopy:

      A surgical procedure allows examination of the knee with an endoscope.

      Knee Treatments

      RICE therapy:

      This involves

      1. Rest (or reducing daily activities),

      2. Ice,

      3. Compression (as with bandage support) and

      4. Elevation.

      RICE is good early therapy for many knee disorders.

      Pain medicines:

      Over-the-counter or prescription pain relievers such as acetaminophen (Tylenol), ibuprofen (Motrin), and naproxen (Aleve) can treat most knee pain.

      Physical therapy:

      A physical exercise regime can strengthen the muscles enclosing the knee, improving the knee’s stability.

      Cortisone injection:

      Injection of steroid into the knee can assist to

      Enjoying the preview?
      Page 1 of 1