Terra-Hertz Antenna

THz Range
0.1 THz or 100 GHz to 10 THz Between millimeter wave and optical region. Mixture of optical and electronic techniques are used.

THz Generation
Photo conductive process Propagate thru an antenna or coplanar waveguide. Lasers All optical device Electronic Oscillators, multipliers.

Spectrum

Antenna
Conventional antenna Photoconductive antenna As skin depth is very small, the second one is preferred.

Generation of THz wave

A short period pulse Laser beam is focused on a semiconductor to produce e-h pairs. They are accelerated by bias voltage. This creates a time varying current and EM wave is generated.

E-H pair generation

Antenna

Antenna
In THz range, height of substrate should be higher than wavelength. Most of the power is trapped in substrate. The substrate height of 3 m is required. First is photoconductive dipole antenna. Second is the same with sharp edge.

Relation

Reference

Photo Conductive Antenna

Advantages - Compactness - Wide Tunability Disadvantage - Low output Power

Photonic Band Gap [PBG] Antenna

Result

Reference

Reference
http://www.eucap2011.org/files/InvitedPap er_Jofre.pdf