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HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENT 4
EEL4512C INTRODUCTION TO COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEMS
Dr. Sal Morgera Fall 2011
Due 16 November, midnight


1. (6.1-3)A signal ( ) g t band-limited to B Hz is sampled by a periodic pulse train ( )
s
T
p t
made up of a rectangular pulse of width 1/ (8 ) B seconds (centered at the origin) repeating
at the Nyquist rate ( 2B pulses per second). Show that the sampled signal ( )
s
g t is given
by


1
1 2
( ) ( ) sin ( ) cos(4 ).
4 4
s
n
n
g t g t g t nBt
n
t
t

=
| |
= +
|
\ .

Show that the signal ( ) g t can be recovered by passing ( )
s
g t through an ideal low-pass
filter of bandwidth B Hz and a gain of 4.
2. Consider the case of ideal sampling of a waveform ( ) x t . Denote the sampled waveform
by ( ) x t
o
, expressed in terms of the following expressions:

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
s s s
k k
x t x t s t x t t kT x kT t kT
o o
o o

= =
= = =

.

Use these expressions to devise a system that employs a PPM generator and produces
narrowband phase modulation (NBPM) with center frequency
s s
f mf = , where m is an
integer and 1/
s s
f T = .
3. A binary data system uses two symbols 0 and 1 transmitted with probabilities of 0.45 and
0.55, respectively. Owing to transmission errors, the probability of receiving a 1 when a
0 was transmitted is 0.05 and the probability of receiving a 0 when a 1 was transmitted
was 0.02. What is
a. The probability that a 1 was transmitted given that a 1 was received?
b. The overall average symbol error probability?
4. A communications link between New York and Los Angeles consists of a transmitter ( ) T
and receiver ( ) R and two satellite repeaters
1 2
( and ) S S . Their respective failure
probability rates are
1 2
( ) 0.1, ( ) 0.2, ( ) ( ) 0.4 P T P R P S P S = = = = . If one satellite fails, then
the other will relay the signal. Thus, a failure occurs when either the transmitter,
receiver, or both satellites fail. What is the probability that there will be no
communication from New York to Los Angeles?