December 2008
The ranges around the estimates in this table define the boundaries within which the actual numbers lie, based on the best available information.
Number (millions)
1.2
30
0.9
20
10
0.3
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
4
Number (millions)
Number (millions)
0.6
3
2
3
2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
SubSaharan Africa
Middle East & North Africa
South and SouthEast Asia
East Asia
Latin America
Caribbean
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
Western & Central Europe
2001
2001
22.4 million
19.7 million
1.9 million
2.3 million
310 000
200 000
35 000
30 000
3.8 million
4.0 million
280 000
310 000
850 000
560 000
75 000
99 000
2.0 million
1.6 million
170 000
150 000
240 000
220 000
20 000
21 000
1.5 million
900 000
110 000
280 000
850 000
660 000
30 000
40 000
North America
1.4 million
1.2 million
55 000
52 000
Oceania
59 000
36 000
3900
5900
[ 2900 5100]
[ 4800 7300]
TOTAL
33.4 million
29.0 million
2.7 million
3.2 million
SubSaharan Africa
Middle East & North Africa
South and SouthEast Asia
East Asia
2001
2008
2001
5.2%
5.8%
1.4 million
1.4 million
[4.9% 5.4%]
[5.5% 6.0%]
0.2%
0.2%
20 000
11 000
[<0.2% 0.3%]
[0.1% 0.2%]
[7800 14 000]
0.3%
0.3%
270 000
260 000
[0.2% 0.3%]
[<0.3% 0.4%]
0.1%
<0.1%
59 000
22 000
[<0.1%]
[<0.1%]
Latin America
0.6%
0.5%
77 000
66 000
[0.5% 0.6%]
[<0.5% 0.6%]
Caribbean
1.0%
1.1%
12 000
20 000
[0.9% 1.1%]
[1.0% 1.2%]
[9300 14 000]
0.7%
0.5%
87 000
26 000
[0.6% 0.8%]
[0.4% 0.5%]
0.3%
0.2%
13 000
7900
[0.2% 0.3%]
[<0.2% 0.3%]
[6500 9700]
North America
0.6%
0.6%
25 000
19 000
[0.5% 0.7%]
[0.5% 0.7%]
Oceania
0.3%
0.2%
2000
<1000
[<0.3% 0.4%]
[<0.2% 0.3%]
[1100 3100]
[<500 1200]
TOTAL
0.8%
0.8%
2.0 million
1.9 million
[<0.8% 0.8%]
[<0.8% 0.8%]
60 000
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
1996
1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
200 000
100 000
0
1996
1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
2007 2008
50
40
30
20
(thousands)
10
6
4
2
10
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
1996
2008
Caribbean
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
(thousands)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
500
400
3
2
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2006
2008
300
200
100
1998
Sub-Saharan Africa
0.5
1998
1996
3.5
3.0
1996
2008
(thousands)
1996
4
3
(thousands)
60
(thousands)
(thousands)
Asia
0
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
Number (millions)
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0
1996
1997 1998
1999 2000
2001 2002
2003 2004
2005 2006
Year
No antiretroviral therapy
At current levels of antiretroviral therapy
2007 2008
400
20
100
300
200
(thousands)
25
100
15
10
5
0
2000
2002
2004
2006
Latin America
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
(thousands)
120
80
40
0
25
2.0
20
1.6
15
1.2
10
2002
2004
2006
2008
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2006
2008
0.8
0.4
0
2000
1998
Sub-Saharan Africa
5
1998
1996
160
1996
40
0
1996
2008
(millions)
1998
80
60
20
0
1996
(thousands)
500
(thousands)
(thousands)
Asia
0
1996
No antiretroviral therapy
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
8
7.2 million
(millions)
6
5
4
3
2.3 million
1.4 million
590 000
73 000
40 000
49 000
Eastern
Europe
and Central
Asia
Caribbean
Oceania
7500
Western
Europe
and North
America
SubSaharan
Africa
Latin
America
Asia
Middle
East
and North
Africa
(2006)
(2008)
(2004)
(2003)
(2007)
(2002)
(2004)
(2006)
(2005)
(2009)
(2005)
(2007)
(2002)
(2004)
(2005)
(2003)
(2005)
(2008)
(2003)
(2004)
(2007)
(2004)
(2006)
(2001)
(2006)
(2002)
Country
Nigeria
Rwanda
Senegal
Sierra Leone
South Africa
Swaziland
Uganda
UR Tanzania
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Asia
Cambodia
India
Papua province (Indonesia)
Hai Phong province (Viet Nam)
Caribbean
Dominican Republic
Haiti
(2007)
(2005)
(2005)
(2008)
(2005)
(2008)
(2005)
(2002)
(200607)
(200405)
(2007)
(2004)
(2007)
(200102)
(200506)
0.6
0.3
2.4
0.5
(2005)
(200506)
(2006)
(2005)
0.8
1.0
2.2
(2007)
(2002)
(200506)
Sub-Saharan Africa
Number of people living with HIV
2008
22.4 million
[20.8 million24.1 million]
2001
19.7 million
[18.3 million21.2 million]
2008
1.9 million
[1.6 million2.2 million]
2001
2.3 million
[2.0 million2.5 million]
2008
390 000
[210 000570 000]
2001
460 000
[260 000640 000]
2008
1.4 million
[1.1 million1.7 million]
2001
1.4 million
[1.2 million1.7 million]
Number (millions)
10
20
15
6
%
10
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
(millions)
Number
Number (millions)
1993
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
Burkina Faso
6.3
2.2
1.6
0.8
Single
too
few
cases
2.8
Divorced/
separated/
widowed
Married/
cohabiting
Ghana
6.7
6.2
2.9
1.1
3.3
2.3
too
few
cases
0.3
Single
Married/
cohabiting
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Niger
6.4
3.6
0.4
0.4
Single
0.5
0.9
Married/
cohabiting
Divorced/
separated
3.9
too
few
cases
Widowed
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
Benin
10.6
7.2
0.5
1.3
0.2
Single
Married/
cohabiting
too
few
cases
2.3
1.2
Divorced/
separated
Guinea
Widowed
14.8
3.9
1.2
1.6
0.6
Single
1.3
Married/
cohabiting
too
few
cases
0.0
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Senegal
3.8
0.3
0.0
Single
0.9
0.9
Married/
cohabiting
2.2
Divorced/
separated/
widowed
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
16
14
12
10
% 8
6
4
2
0
Cte dIvoire
14.9
11.0
6.1
4.6
3.6
1.3
Single
Divorced/
separated/
widowed
Married/
cohabiting
Mali
8.2
0.4
0.6
Single
1.4
0.9
Married/
cohabiting
1.8
too
few
cases
2.2
Divorced/
separated
Widowed
Sierra Leone
5.3
1.8
0.9
Single
1.4
1.8
Married/
cohabiting
3.1
Divorced/
separated
2.2
too
few
cases
Widowed
Female
Male
Blood transfusions
Injecting drug use (IDU)
Partners IDU
60
Sex workers
Clients
Partners of Clients
40
20
Partners of CS
Low-risk heterosexual
0
Ghana
Swaziland 1
Swaziland 2
40
30
20
10
0
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
Higher primary
Secondary
High School
60
Tertiary
%
40
20
0
Women
< 15 yrs
Women
< 18 yrs
Men
< 15 yrs
Men
< 18 yrs
HIV prevalence among men who have sex with men in countries
in sub-Saharan Africa, 20022008
50
40
30
20
10
0
Botswana
Malawi
Namibia
South
Africa 1
South
Africa 2
Zambia
Kenya 1
Southern Africa
Kenya 2
East Africa
Source: Smith et al. (2009), Baral et al. (2009), and Sanders et al. (2007)
UR
Tanzania
Nigeria
Senegal
West Africa
Asia
Number of people living with HIV
2008
4.7 million
[3.8 million5.5 million]
2001
4.5 million
[3.8 million5.2 million]
2008
350 000
[270 000410 000]
2001
400 000
[310 000480 000]
2008
21 000
[13 00029 000]
2001
33 000
[18 00049 000]
2008
330 000
[260 000400 000]
2001
280 000
[230 000340 000]
Number (millions)
0.4
0.3
0.1
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1.0
1.0
0.8
0.8
Number (million)
Number (million)
0.2
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Southern states
2.0
Northern states
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Logarithmic trend line; test for trend by logistic regression, with age adjustment to the entire study population,
n = 202 254 for the south, n = 221 588 for the north.
2007
Female sex
workers (FSWs)
60
82
20
Male clients
of FSWs
45
61
42
Male sex
workers
57
63
31
51
Hijras
55
20
40
60
80
Per cent
Has never heard of HIV/AIDS
Does not know that condoms can prevent transmission of HIV
No perceived HIV risk
100
Manipur
62%
35 000 est.
Nagaland
53%
28 000 est.
Karnataka
Andhra Pradesh
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu*
High Risk
Men who
have sex
with men
26 000 est.
Andhra Pradesh
46 000 est.
61%
26%
70%
19%
14%
76%
64%
27 000 est.
21 000 est.
36%
15%
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu*
11%
74%
38%
84 000 est.
Karnataka
20%
26%
72 000 est.
22%
58%
29%
12%
26%
22%
89 000 est.
Female
sex
workers
26%
24%
5%
36%
49%
26%
Avahan
Percentages indicate intended coverage through establishment of services in specific geographic areas.
* Includes districts with no intended coverage.
** Mapping and size estimation quality varies by state.
Does not include rural areas
Source: Avahan and State AIDS Control Society programme data (2008).
Uncovered
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999 2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Prevalence (%)
10
HIV
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Syphilis
6
4
2
0
2004
2005
2006
2008
1.5 million
[1.4 million1.7 million]
2001
900 000
[800 0001.1 million]
2008
110 000
[100 000130 000]
2001
280 000
[240 000320 000]
2008
3700
[17006000]
2001
3000
[16004300]
2008
87 000
[72 000110 000]
2001
26 000
[22 00030 000]
Number (millions)
1.0
1.6
0.8
1.2
0.6
%
0.8
0.4
0.4
0.2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
400
400
300
300
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
1993
200
100
200
100
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
HIV cases per million population in the WHO Eastern Europe region
by year of notification, 20002007
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
Caribbean
Number of people living with HIV
2008
240 000
[220 000260 000]
2001
220 000
[200 000240 000]
2008
20 000
16 00024 000
2001
21 000
[17 00024 000]
2008
2300
[14003400]
2001
2800
[17004000]
2008
12 000
[930014 000]
2001
20 000
[17 00023 000]
Number (thousands)
2.0
300
1.5
200
100
0.5
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
80
80
60
60
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
1.0
40
20
40
20
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.0
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
Latin America
Number of people living with HIV
2008
2.0 million
[1.8 million2.2 million]
2001
1.6 million
[1.5 million1.8 million]
2008
170 000
[150 000200 000]
2001
150 000
[140 000170 000]
2008
6900
[42009700]
2001
6200
[38009100]
2008
77 000
[66 00089 000]
2001
66 000
[56 00077 000]
Number (millions)
1.0
2.0
0.8
1.5
0.6
%
1.0
0.4
0.5
0.2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
250
250
200
200
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
1993
150
100
50
150
100
50
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
54.97%
Risk groups
Low-risk heterosexual
Partners of clients of female sex workers
6.36%
6.30%
6.22%
5.54%
1.98%
1.33%
0.89%
Medical injections
0.23%
0.22%
Blood transfusions
0.0%
Without risk
0.0%
10
20
30
%
40
50
60
25
Men who have sex with men
20
15.3
15
12.4
12.1
10
11.7
9.6
8.9
7.6
4.3
3.6
3.2
0.2
n:
281
484
El Salvador
157
511
Guatemala
267
493
Honduras
145
460
Nicaragua
0.2
235
418
Panama
1085
2366
All countries
Condom use among female sex workers who attend VICITS (Vigilancia Centinela de ITS) in
Tegucigalpa, San Pedro Sula and La Ceiba, Honduras, in 2008
100
96.7%
80
60
%
40.7%
40
20
10.6%
0
With clients
With casual
partners
With regular
partners
Condom use
(n= 463)
2008
2.3 million
[1.9 million2.6 million]
2001
1.9 million
[1.7 million2.1 million]
2008
75 000
[49 00097 000]
2001
93 000
[76 000110 000]
2008
<500
[<200<500]
2001
<500
[<200<500]
2008
38 000
[27 00061 000]
2001
27 000
[18 00042 000]
Number (millions)
0.6
0.4
%
0.2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
Source: UNAIDS/WHO
1999
2002
2005
2008
Yearly number of new HIV and AIDS cases and related deaths
in Switzerland, 19952008
1200
Number of people
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1995
1996 1997
1998
1999
2000
2001 2002
2003
2004
2005
HIV
AIDS cases
2006 2007
2008
Infections
80 000
70 000
60 000
MSM / IDU
Heterosexual
50 000
40 000
30 000
20 000
10 000
0
19771979
19911993
19941996
19971999
20002002
20032006
Period
Tick marks denote the beginning and end of a year. The model specified periods within which the number of HIV infections
was assumed to be approximately constant.
Source: Hall et al. (2008a).
2008
310 000
[250 000380 000]
2001
200 000
[150 000250 000]
2008
35 000
24 00046 000
2001
30 000
[23 00040 000]
2008
4600
[23007500]
2001
3800
[19006400]
2008
20 000
[15 00025 000]
2001
11 000
[780014 000]
Number (thousands)
400
0.4
300
0.3
200
100
0.1
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
50
50
40
40
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
0.2
30
20
10
0
30
20
10
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Percentage of condom use as reported by street children, male injecting drug users,
female sex workers and men who have sex with men in Egypt
15
13.0%
12.0%
11.8%
9.2%
10
%
6.8%
0
Street boys
Street girls
Male injecting
drug users
Female sex
workers
Last practice
Oceania
Number of people living with HIV
2008
59 000
[51 00068 000]
2001
36 000
[29 00045 000]
2008
3900
29005100
2001
5900
[48007300]
2008
<500
[<500<1000]
2001
<500
[<200<500]
2008
2000
[11003100]
2001
<1000
[<50001200]
Number (thousands)
80
0.4
60
0.3
40
20
0.1
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Number (thousands)
Number (thousands)
0.2
4
2
4
2
0
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
Estimate
2008
1990
1993
1996
1999
2002
2005
2008
Sources: The Secretariat of the Pacific Community and the Papua New Guinea Department of Health.
Number of people
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
3000
2500
Male
Female
Number
2000
1500
1000
500
0
0-4
5-9
10-14
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
Age group
Source: Papua New Guinea National AIDS Council and Department of Health.
45-49 50-54