Appendix 2 Weighting Windows and Filters

Appendix 2
Weighting Windows and Filters
Appendix 2 Weighting Windows and Filters
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Table of contents:
Weighting windows ............................................................................................... 4

1.1.1
Rectangular Window ............................................................................. 4
1.1.2
Hanning Window ................................................................................... 4
1.1.3
Hamming Window ................................................................................. 5
1.1.4
Kaiser-Bessel Window........................................................................... 5
1.1.5
Flattop Window ..................................................................................... 6
1.1.6
Exponential Window ............................................................................. 7
Digital Filters ......................................................................................................... 8

2.1.1
A Weighting Filter.............................................................................. 8
2.1.2
"B" Weighting Filter ............................................................................ 10
2.1.3
C Weighting Filter ............................................................................ 11
2.1.4
300 Hz Filter ........................................................................................ 12
2.1.5
1 kHz Filter .......................................................................................... 13
2.1.6
User Low Pass Filter ............................................................................ 14
2.1.7
User High Pass Filter ........................................................................... 15
2.1.8
User Band Pass Filter ........................................................................... 16
2.1.9
User Band Stop Filter........................................................................... 17
Spectral Weighting Filters ................................................................................... 18

3.1 A and D Related Filters ........................................................................ 18
3.1.1
A Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................................. 18
3.1.2
1/A Spectral Weighting Filter .......................................................... 19
3.1.3
D Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................................. 21
3.1.4
A*D Spectral Weighting Filter......................................................... 22
3.1.5
1/(A*D) Spectral Weighting Filter ................................................... 23
3.1.6
A*D*200-5000 Hz Spectral Weighting Filter.................................. 24
3.2 ISO2631 Filters ............................................................................................ 25
3.2.1
Wc (ISO2631) Spectral Weighting Filter ......................................... 26
3.2.2
Wd (ISO2631) Spectral Weighting Filter ........................................ 27
3.2.3
Wk (ISO2631) Spectral Weighting Filter ........................................ 28
3.3 BSI6841 and BSI6842 Filters ...................................................................... 30
3.3.1
Wb (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................ 32
3.3.2
Wc (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................ 33
3.3.3
Wd (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................ 34
3.3.4
We (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................ 35
3.3.5
Wf (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................. 36
3.3.6
Wg (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................ 37
3.3.7
Wh (BSI6842) Spectral Weighting Filter ............................................ 38
3.4 ISO5349 Filter ............................................................................................. 39
3.4.1
W.B.Combined (ISO6954) Spectral Weighting Filter ......................... 40
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Weighting windows
Weighting windows
1.1.1
a0
Rectangular Window
1 a1
0 a2
2
ENBW
0 a3
2
0.5. a1
a0
a2
0 a4
2
0
2
a3
a4
ENBW = 1
0
10
20
30
40
Rect
50
60
70
80
90
100
10
10
10
f
i
1.1.2
a0
Hanning Window
1 a1
ENBW
1 a2
2
a0
0 a3
2
0.5. a1
a2
0 a4
2
a3
0
2
a4
ENBW = 1.5
0
10
20
30
40
Hanning
50
60
70
80
90
100
10
f
i
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Weighting windows
1.1.3
a0
Hamming Window
ENBW
a1
2
2
0.5. a1
a0
a2
0.852
2
a2
0 a3
2
a3
0 a4
ENBW = 1.36
a4
0
10
20
30
40
Hamming
i
50
60
70
80
90
100
10
10
f
i
1.1.4
Kaiser-Bessel Window
a0
ENBW
a0
a1
1.238
2
0.5. a1
a2
a2
2
a3
0 .2 4 4
2
a4
a3
0 .0 0 2
a4
ENBW = 1.8
0
10
20
30
40
KaiserBessel
50
60
70
80
90
100
10
10
f
i
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Weighting windows
1.1.5
Flattop Window
a0
1 a1 1.933
2
2
ENBW a0 0.5. a1
a2
2
a2
1.286
2
a3
a3
2
0.388
a4
0.033
ENBW = 3.77
a4
0
10
20
30
40
FlatTop
50
60
70
80
90
100
10
10
f
i
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Weighting windows
1.1.6
Exponential Window
The calculation of the damping factor for the exponential window is:
e xi where x =
with:
log(0.25)
0.25 FFT _ SIZE
FFT _ SIZE = FFT number of samples

FFT _ SIZE
i goes from 0 to
2
Example:
If FFT _ SIZE = 4096 , then the exponential is
2048.
F 200 307 2
log 0.25
i
0.25 4096
with i equal to 0 to

Digital Filters
Digital Filters
2.1.1
A( f ) =
A Weighting Filter
)(
12200 2. f
)(
k A f 2 + 20,6 2 f 2 + 12200 2 f 2 + 107,7 2
) (f
1
+ 737,9 2
kA = 0.79435
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Digital Filters
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Digital Filters
2.1.2
B( f ) =
"B" Weighting Filter
)(
12200 2. f 3
k B f 2 + 20,6 2 f 2 + 12200 2 ( f + 158.5 )
1/ 2
kB = 0.98066
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10

Digital Filters
2.1.3
C Weighting Filter
C( f ) =
12200 2. f 2
f 2 + 20,6 2 f 2 + 12200 2
kC
)(
kc = 0.9929
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11

Digital Filters
2.1.4
300 Hz Filter
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12

Digital Filters
2.1.5
1 kHz Filter
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13

Digital Filters
2.1.6
User Low Pass Filter
Example with a 500 Hz cut-off frequency:
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14

Digital Filters
2.1.7
User High Pass Filter
Example with a 500 Hz cut-off frequency:
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15

Digital Filters
2.1.8
User Band Pass Filter
Example with a 1100 Hz low cut-off and 2000 Hz high cut-off frequencies:
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16

Digital Filters
2.1.9
User Band Stop Filter
Example with a 1100 Hz low cut-off and 2000 Hz high cut-off frequencies:
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17

Spectral Weighting Filters
3.1
3.1.1
A and D Related Filters

A Spectral Weighting Filter
A( f ) =
)(
12200 2. f
)(
k A f 2 + 20,6 2 f 2 + 12200 2 f 2 + 107,7 2
) (f
1
+ 737,9 2
kA = 0.794346395
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18

3.1.2
1/A Spectral Weighting Filter
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19

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20

3.1.3
D Spectral Weighting Filter
(
( f + 282,7 ) ( f
f f 4 9,9505.10 5 f 2 + 1,07725.1012
D( f ) =
kD
+ 1160 2
) (f
1
7,95.10 6 f 2 + 9,677.1013
kD = 6.9.10-5
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21

3.1.4
A*D Spectral Weighting Filter
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22

3.1.5
1/(A*D) Spectral Weighting Filter
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23

3.1.6
A*D*200-5000 Hz Spectral Weighting Filter
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24

3.2
ISO2631 Filters
The Wc, Wd and Wk spectral weighting filters comply with the ISO 2631-1 (2nd
edition 1997-05-01) and the UIC513R standards.
The Wc, Wd and Wk spectral weighting filters are based on the limit bandwidth Wa
spectral weighting filter:
f 22 . f 2
Wa ( f ) =
1
1
2
2
2
4 f12
f
f + 2 2 f12 f 2 + f14 f 4 + 22 2 f 22 f 2 + f 24
Q
f1 = 0.4 Hz
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f2 = 100 Hz
Q1 = 0.71
25

3.2.1
Wc (ISO2631) Spectral Weighting Filter
f 2 + f 32 2
Kf 2
Wc ( f ) = 4
.Wa ( f )
1
f3
2
2
f 4 + 42 2 f 42 f 2 + f 44
Q
f3 = 8 Hz
f4 = 8 Hz
Q2 = 0.63
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K=1
26

3.2.2
Wd (ISO2631) Spectral Weighting Filter
f 2 + f 32 2
Kf 2
Wd ( f ) = 4
.Wa ( f )
1
f3
2
2
f 4 + 42 2 f 42 f 2 + f 44
Q
f4 = 2 Hz
Q2 = 0.63
f3 = 2 Hz
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K=1
27

3.2.3
Wk (ISO2631) Spectral Weighting Filter
(f
Wk ( f ) =
+ f 32
4 f 52
2
f + 2 2 f 52 f 2 + f 54
Q3
Kf 42 f 62
1
1
f 3 f 52
2
2
2
2
f
f
4
2
2
4
4
2
2
4
4
6
f +
Q 2 2 f 4 f + f 4 f + Q 2 2 f 6 f + f 6
f3 = 12.5 Hz
Q2 = 0.63
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f4 = 12.5 Hz
Q3 = 0.91
f5 = 2.37 Hz
Q4 = 0.91
f6 = 3.35 Hz
K = 0.4
28

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29

BSI6841 and BSI6842 Filters
3.3
The Wb, Wc, Wd, We, Wf and Wg spectral weighting filters comply with the
BSI6841 standard.
The Wh spectral weighting filter complies with the BSI6842 standard.
The Wb, Wc, Wd, We, Wf, Wg and Wh spectral weighting filters are based on the
limit bandwidth Hb spectral weighting filter:
Hb( f ) =
f 22 . f
4 f12
2
f2
f + 2 2 f 12 f 2 + f 14 f 4 + 22 2 f 22 f 2 + f 24
Q
f1 (Hz)
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.08
0.8
6.3
Wb
Wc
Wd
We
Wf
Wg
Wh
f2 (Hz)
100
100
100
100
0.63
100
1250
Q1
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
0.71
Wc, Wd, We, Wg and Wh are given by:
f 2 + f 32 2
Kf 42
W( f ) =
.Hb( f )
1
f3
2
2
f 4 + f 42 2 f 42 f 2 + f 44
Q
Wb and Wf are given by:
(f
W( f ) =
+ f 32
4 f 52
2
f + 2 2 f 52 f 2 + f 54
Q3
Kf 42 f 62
.Hb( f )
1
1
f 3 f 52
2
2
2
2
f 4 + 4 2 f 42 f 2 + f 44 f 4 + 6 2 f 62 f 2 + f 64
2
2
Q2
Q4
With the following coefficients:
Wb
Wc
Wd
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f3
(Hz)
16
8
2
f4
(Hz)
16
8
2
f5 (Hz)
f6 (Hz)
Q2
Q3
Q4
2.5
-
4
-
0.55
0.63
0.63
0.90
-
0.95
-
0.4
1.0
1.0
30

We
Wf
Wg
Wh
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1.0
1.5
16
1.0
0.250
5.3
16
0.0625
-
0.10
-
0.63
0.86
0.68
0.64
0.8
-
0.8
-
1.0
0.4
0.42
1
31

3.3.1
Wb (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter
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32

3.3.2
Wc (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter
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33

3.3.3
Wd (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter
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34

3.3.4
We (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter
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35

3.3.5
Wf (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter
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36

3.3.6
Wg (BSI6841) Spectral Weighting Filter
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37

3.3.7
Wh (BSI6842) Spectral Weighting Filter
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38

3.4
ISO5349 Filter
W(f)= K.f
if (f < or = 16) then K = 1.0 or else K = 16/f
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39

3.4.1
W.B.Combined (ISO6954) Spectral Weighting

Filter
1. W.B.Combined based on acceleration as input quantity

1
1
1
*
*
W .B.Combined _ Acc( f ) =
4
2
4
f
f
10 0.1
1+
1
+
1 +
100
5 .6
f
d B C: (0 , 1 5 6 2 5
Hz , -2 8 , 3 1 d B / 1 , 0 0 E + 0 0 U, 3 8 ,4 1 E -0 3
U)
0 ,4 0 ,5
F RF -H1 wi t h fi l t e r/wi th o u t fi l te r
-1 0
-2 0
-3 0
-4 0
-5 0
-6 0
-7 0
0 ,2
0 ,3
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0 ,7
10
20
30
40 50
70
100
200
300
40
Hz

U C: (0 , 1 5 6 2 5
Hz , -2 8 , 3 1 d B / 1 , 0 0 E + 0 0 U, 3 8 ,4 1 E -0 3
U)
0 ,4 0 ,5
F RF -H1 wi t h fi l t e r /wi th o u t fi l te r
1 ,0
0 ,8
0 ,6
0 ,4
0 ,2
0 ,0
0 ,2
0 ,3
0 ,7
10
20
30
40 50
70
100
200
300
Hz
2. W.B.Combined based on velocity as input quantity

Q
W .B.Combined _ Vel ( f ) = W .B.Combined _ Acc( f ) * f * 1
Q2
Q1 = 0.147
Q2 = 0.833
d B C: (0 , 1 5 6 2 5
Hz , -5 9 , 5 0 d B / 1 , 0 0 E + 0 0 U, 1 , 0 5 9 E -0 3
U)
0 ,4 0 ,5
-1 0
-2 0
-3 0
-4 0
-5 0
-6 0
-7 0
0 ,2
0 ,3
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0 ,7
10
20
30
40 50
70
100
200
300
41
Hz

U C: (0 , 1 5 6 2 5
Hz , -5 9 , 5 0 d B / 1 , 0 0 E + 0 0 U, 1 , 0 5 9 E -0 3
U)
0 ,4 0 ,5
1 ,0
0 ,8
0 ,6
0 ,4
0 ,2
0 ,0
0 ,2
0 ,3
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0 ,7
10
20
30
40 50
70
100
200
300
42
Hz

Appendix 2 Weighting Windows and Filters

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Appendix 2 Weighting Windows and Filters

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Appendix 2

Weighting Windows and Filters