Rudder:

A rudder is a device that is used to steer a ship. It provides the Yaw rotation to the boat. A typical shape of rudder looks like: Working: Rudder can move approximately from +90 to -90 from its center position. Also boat will move in opposite direction to that of rudder. A rudder is always attached at the back side of boat. This is because due to propellers the flow of fluid will be such that it will pass from the sides of the rudder without interfering with the movement of rudder.

Propeller:
A propeller is a type of fan that transmits power by converting rotational motion into thrust. A pressure difference is produced between the forward and rear surfaces of the airfoil-shaped blade, and a fluid (such as air or water) is accelerated behind the blade. Hence we must properly select the direction of rotation of motor so that the direction of thrust will be in forward direction of boat (i.e. fluid will accelerated behind the boat). Image shows a front view and side of a typical propeller. The center part of prop is called hub. There are 3 main parameters of a propeller: 1) Diameter: It is the distance from tip to tip

2) Pitch: Pitch is the distance which the propeller would travel in air/fluid, thereby creating a thrust. So for each revolution of propeller the boat will move forward/backward by a length of P

As it can be seen in figure, the blade is twisted from a large angle near the hub to a flatter angle near the tip. This is because the tip should screw through air at the same rate as that of section near the hub.

Now consider the following figure: It can be seen that for different distance from the hub, the propeller will follow a helical shape when it is revolved.

The

mean blade

diameter is where most of the push comes from but it varies with blade shape, it is also known as average diameter.
3) Pitch Angle: As from the figure, the pitch angle is the angle between Pitch and Circumference. Thus it can be considered as the flaring rate of the propeller.

Two types of control mechanisms:

1) Outboard and 2) Inboard Outboard mechanism means the propeller is connected with rudder, whereas inboard engines have different propeller and rudder connections as shown in figure.

Reference: http://n-lemma.com/indoorrc/propcalc.htm