Emergency and Disaster Risk Management

Basic Principle in developing Plans in the field of Emergency and Disaster

Risk ?

Emergencies and Disasters

Emergency = The Risk that can be manage with support from existing condition in a given situation.

Disaster = The Risk that can only be managed with extra support outside existing condition in a given situation.

Aspek penting tentang bencana

Terhentinya aspek fungsi normal suatu komunitas Bencana melebihi meknisme koping (kapasitas) suatu komunitas Bantuan eksternal diperlukan untuk mengembalikan fungsi normal komunitas
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Management
Mobilize and utilize available resources most effectively and strategically in a given situation to obtain maximum output .

Risk Management
Risk
Capacity Hazard

Vulnerability

Risk = Hazard x Vulnerability --------------------Capacity

Hazards

Earthquake & Tsunami Floods Earthquake Volcanoes Eruption

Flash floods & Landslides Conflict Social unrest

Bomb Blast

Transportation Accident

Cyclone Infectious Diseases Black Outs

Industrial Accident

Type of Hazard
Geological
Earthquake, tsunami, landslides, volcano

Hydro-meteorological
Flood, storm, drought, flash flood

Biological
Epidemics, plant diseases,

Technological
Transportation and industrial accidents

Environmental
Bush fires, fire, deforestation etc.

Management Support Collapse

Functional Collapse

PROBLEM ONDISASTER

Structural Collapse

Medical support Collapse

Risk Reduction Plan Components

Risk Mapping

Contingency Plan

Operational Plan

Standard Operating Procedure

Disaster Management Phases

Prevent Develop Prepare

Mitigate Disaster Reconstruct Golden Hr Rehabilitate Golden Week Recover Respond Relief Rescue

Challenges for Health Sector

Death

Injured and infected

Infrastructure

IDPs / Refuges

Bahaya yang secara relatif cenderung terjadi dengan potensi menyebabkan kerusakan yang mempengaruhi aktifitas dan kontinuitas RS KEKURANGAN SUPLAI

KEBAKARAN KERUSUHAN

PERMODALAN LACK OF PERSONNEL

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GENERATOR

Fasiitasairbersih

Area DapurUmum

BARRACKS RS lapangan

COMMUNICATION CENTER

CAREAREA

COMMAND POST
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 Pra rumah sakit

Rumah sakit

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HELP......!

AMBULANCE STANDARD ???

(VEHICLE, EQUIPMENT, CREW)
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1. Tahap waspada

2. Tindakan awal 3. Perencanaan 4. Pelaksanaan 5. Penyimpulan tugas

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Tahap waspada
1. Pengolahan informasi (Komunikasi berperan penting)
Informasi yang diterima harus dianalisis Penyebaran informasi

2. Pernyataan Bencana--- mengaktifkan komando bencana 3. Menentukan komandan, koordinator dan wakil yg mempunyai otoritas dan tanggung jawab dalam membuat keputusan 19

Tindakan awal
1. Pengiriman tim asesmen medis cepat 2. Identifikasi sumber dan kebutuhan bantuan 3. Koordinasi dengan perwakilan pelayanan emergensi eksternal (polisi, ambulan, pemadam kebakaran)

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Tahap perencanaan

1. Perencanaan kebutuhan tenaga, dan logistik 2. Briefing petugas lapangan (situasi, operasi/misi, eksekusi)

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DETAILED ASSESMENT

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DETAILED ASSESMENT

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Evaluasi prioritas bantuan.

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Evaluasi prioritas bantuan.

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Evaluasi prioritas bantuan

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 Koordinasi dengan pos komando lapangan Menilai keamanan wilayah Aktivitas Rescue Lokasi pengamanan Bantuan medis dan stabilisasi
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 Seleksi korban Melakukan prioritas pelayanan Penggunaan tag/label

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Black Tag

Green Tag

P A T I E N T S
I
RED ZONE (rescue zone)
(

Vehicle Nonambulance

MEDICAL TRIAGE

EvacuaAon EVAKUASI

Tothe HOSPITAL

RedTag

YellowTag

Ambulance vehicle III

II

YELLOW ZONE(Medicalzone)

GREEN ZONE (TransportaIon &Supportzone)

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 Klasifikasi transportasi darurat 1. Medical Ambulance, 2. Transport Ambulance, 3. Public transport Buat prioritas transport dan evakuasi, bila jumlah terbatas
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InPaAent

Aliran Pasien
Unitemergensi
Pasien

Ruangoperasi

Perlu dekontaminasi?

Medical Triage

Untperawatan intensif Rawat

OutpaAent (falseemergency)
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1.Beragam bahaya 2.Luas dan geografi 3.Budaya lokal yang beragam 4.Distribusi penduduk tidak seimbang
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Implementasi Peranan tanggung jawab Tanggap dan koordinasi upaya bantuan Mobilisasi sumberdaya di saat bencana Membangun jaringan dan hubungan Membuat rencana penanggulangan bencana
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 Support Medis;
Triase Life support first aid ALS (ACLS/ATLS) Specialistic Procedures

Support manajemen;
Komando dan kontrol Staf off duty Logistik Security access Area dekontaminasi Data dan alokasi pasien Management of the Disease Komunikasi Mass media