I.

Kim sot vi sinh vt

Vi sinh vt - Eukaryotes: nm (fungi), protozoa, to (algae) - Prokaryotes: vi khun, vi khun lam, virus

1.1 Cc khi nim S tit trng: qu trnh tiu hy tt c vi sinh vt sng nh tc nhn vt l hay ha hc S v trng: khng c s sng / Trng thi v trng: khng c s hin din vi sinh vt gy bnh S ty trng: qu trnh tiu hy cc vi sinh vt c hi khng bao gm bo t / Cht ty trng: tc nhn dit trng b mt

Cht st trng: Cht li hay lm gim s nhim trng, c th km hm hoc git vi sinh vt, p dng cho m sng Cht km khun: cht ngn chn s sinh sn ca vi khun loi b tc nhn ny vi khun sinh sn tr li Cht dit khun: git cht vi khun v khng c s thun nghch vi khun b git khng cn kh nng sinh sn cho d khng cn cht dit khun S nhim: s hin din vi sinh vt khng mong mun (vi sinh vt gy bnh trong mi trng bnh vin, vi sinh vt bt k trong thuc, dng c y t)

1.2 Cc yu t nh hng ti tc ng khng VSV

S lng VSV
Loi VSV

Nng v cng ca cht khng VSV

Thi gian tc dng Nhit Mi trng xung quanh

1.3. Tc nhn vt l Nhit m vi p sut Nhit m khng p sut Nhit kh

nh sng t ngoi
Ion phng x

Lc

1.4. Tc nhn ha hc Dung mi hu c: chloroform, cn, toluen Kim loi nng: hp cht ca Hg, Ag, Cu

Phenol v dn xut: phenol, cresol

Nhm halogen: iodine, chlor Cc tc nhn hot ng b mt: Amonium bc 4, cht ty anion, formalin Cc cht ty trng: H2O2, ethylene oxide

1.5. Tc nhn ha tr liu: tc ng chn lc trn s tng trng ca vi sinh vt, tc ng khng ng k trn chc nng ca t bo ng vt b ly nhim Cc tc nhn tng hp: sulfonamide, INH, Ethambutol Khng sinh

 Cc phng php vt l v ha hc thng c dng tiu dit vi sinh vt (tt c cc t bo sng ni chung) trn b mt (c th v vt) (tit trng v ty trng) Ha tr liu kim sot vi sinh vt trong m sng mt cch chn lc, khng nh hng ti t bo ch

II. Thuc
2.1. nh ngha
n cht hoc hn hp Ngun gc r rng

Dng cho ngi hoc sinh vt

Chn on, phng, cha bnh

2.2. Phn loi Theo mc ch s dng: phng bnh, cha bnh, chn on bnh Theo ngun gc: t nhin, tng hp

Theo dng bo ch: ung, thoa, tim, nh mt

Theo tc dng dc l

Ha tr liu

2.3. Mt s khi nim

a. Dng thuc
Hnh thc trnh by ca dc cht a vo c th Thnh phn gm: Dc cht: thnh phn c tc dng dc l

T dc: cht h tr to cho dng thuc c th cht, khi lng, mu sc thch hp

ng gi: cha, trnh by, bo qun thuc

 Phn loi:

Th cht: lng, mm, rn

ng dng v cch dng: ung, dng ngoi, tim Ngun gc cng thc: pha ch theo cng thc, theo n Cu trc h phn tn: ng th, d th b. Ch phm: sn phm bo ch ca 1 dc cht

c. Bit dc: sn phm bo ch lu hnh trn th trng di 1 tn thng mi

2.4. S chuyn ha thuc Mc ch Thi tr cht l Ni chuyn ha v enzym xc tc Nim mc rut: protease, lipase,decarboxylase Huyt thanh: esterase

Phi: oxydase
Vi khun rut: reductase, decarboxylase

H thn kinh trung ng: aminoxydase

Gan: hu ht cc enzym chuyn ha

 Cc phn ng chuyn ha
A B (pha I) C (pha II) Thi tr A D (pha II) Thi tr Cc yu t lm thay i tc chuyn ha Tui

Di truyn
Yu t ngoi lai

Yu t bnh l

2.5. Sinh kh dng

Khi nim v sinh kh dng T l % ca thuc a vo c th c hp thu 1 cch nguyn vn 2 loi sinh kh dng:

Tuyt i: dng nh gi dng thuc mi, ng dng mi

Tng i: nh gi bit dc mi

 Khi nim v sinh dc hc Nghin cu cc yu t nh hng ti SKD v bin php nng cao SKD Gm 3 giai on: gii phng, ha tan, hp thu Yu t nh hng: sinh hc, dc hc Nng thuc trong mu theo thi gian Dng nh gi SKD ca thuc

 Khi nim tng ng Tng ng bo ch Tng ng sinh hc Cc yu t nh hng ti SKD

Dc cht
Bnh nhn

 Dc cht Dng kt tinh hay v nh hnh Hin tng a hnh Dng ngm nc Kch thc tiu phn c tnh hp thu v nhng bin i ha hc