CTC 105.

Electrical Systems- Refresher

Basic Electricity
1. What is electricity? Electricity is the movement of electrons. 2. What is an Electrical System? An Electrical System is a system that is composed of one piece of equipment connected together to provide electricity. 3. Examples of an electrical system. a. Car - The car needs battery to start. b. Home- Our home needs electricity to power up lamps and appliances. Example: Airconditioning unit, heater and television. c. Plant - The plant needs electricity to run electric motors and other machineries. 4. Basic electrical units and quantities. Quantity Voltage Electric Current Resistance Symbol V or E I Unit Volts Amperes

Ohms

5. What is the law that explains the relationship of the basic electrical quantities? Ohms Law 6. What is Ohms Law formula? V=IxR
Example of electrical calculations using Ohms Law Problem 1. In the Electric Circuit the voltage is 10 volts and the resistance is 5 ohms. What is the current? Problem 2. If the resistance is 4 ohms and the current is 5 amperes. What is the voltage? Problem 3. The voltage of the battery is 24 Volts an the current is 6 amperes. What is the value of the resistance?

AC AND DC Electricity
1. What are the two types of electric current? AC Alternating Current DC Direct Current 2. What is the equipment that can produce Alternating Current? Electric Generator 3. What is the equipment that can produce Direct Current? Electric Battery 4. Give some examples of equipment that uses AC? Electric motors, fluorescent lamp, air conditioning unit, heater, electric fan and refrigerator. 5. Give some examples of equipment that uses DC? Cellular phone, laptop and other equipment that primarily used DC to operate. 6. How can we convert AC to DC? We can convert DC to AC by using inverter. 7. How can we convert DC to AC? We can convert AC to DC by using rectifier.

Generator
1. What is an electric generator? Electric generator is a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. 2. What are the main parts of a generator? Stator the stationary part of a generator Rotor the rotating part of a generator Coil windings the part that provides the magnetic interaction. Commutator the part that connects the stator and the rotor.

3. What is Prime Mover? Prime Mover is the component of a power plant that transforms energy from the thermal or the pressure form to the mechanical form.

4. Why is Prime Mover important? Prime Mover is important because they are the source of mechanical energy, without prime mover there would be no mechanical energy input in the power plant. 5. What are the examples of prime mover? Engine- for generators that are using gasoline or diesel fuel to operate. Wind Turbine used by windmill plant. Water Turbine used by hydro electric power plant Steam Turbine used by thermal plants such as combine gas power plant.

6. How generators produce electricity? a. The prime mover causes mechanical energy to turn the turbine that is connected to the rotor of the generator. b. An external (outside) battery source is used to excite the coil of the stator, setting up an initial magnetic field. c. When the rotor rotates it develops magnetic action (electromagnetic induction) between its coils (the coil of the rotor) and the coil of the stator. d. By the law of electromagnetic induction electricity is produced in the output terminal of the generator.