ACTORS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY

Try it on a normal day, for example at 07.00 until 09.00, you walk around and observe the people around you. You would see that almost all members of the community are working. Some are working in the fields, there in the office or in factories, in schools, at the bank, hotel, and on the roads as drivers of public transportation, taxis, motorcycles, up in the stalls or gerobag push the wayside. In short there are so many kinds of activities, and so much the culprit. Your parents must have been one of the among them. Together with their friends parents do activities to earn a living by working They also spend money to meet the needs of everyday life. This is the basic economic activities. While parents and friends of parents and all community members who carry out the activities it called perpetrators of economic activity. A. ECONOMIC ISSUES Various economic activities, such as making a living by producing something, trade, distribute goods and services, and consuming, done so that people can live in dignity. To live well we need an assortment of things such as food, drink, clothing, housing, health, recreation, education, and so on. In fact, we as human beings need many and varied or unlimited. Another fact, resources or tools that can be used to meet these needs are limited or scarce. That is, numbers, shapes, sorts, and its existence in a place that was not enough or less than we need. Because it takes effort or sacrifice to obtain it. This is called economic activity. Due to the two above facts, the principal economic problem arises, namely, how the resources or tools are limited people can meet the needs of an unlimited life. So who can answer basic economic issues above? The answer is that economic actors. B. ACTORS ECONOMIC ACTIVITY If you observe people carefully, then at least there are three main kinds of economic activities that produce or manufacture (production activities), distribute (distribution), and use or wear (consumption). These activities are carried out by the individual economic subject. Here we will talk about the perpetrators of the economic activity. Broadly speaking, the perpetrators of economic activity can be classified into four major groups ie sector or households, producers, government, and foreign. Let us discuss one by one. 1. Family Household goods and services we need to meet the basic needs of everyday like eating, paying your school, health, recreation and so on. So parents or our family to spend the income to purchase or consume goods and services. So what do your parents in meeting the daily needs of the above? They become civil servants, or working in a private company, or open a boarding house (boarding houses provide), farming, trade, labor, and others. This means providing or offering household labor. It could also provide capital, land, for the corporate world. How can by doing your own business (self-employed), bias works for others as an employee or employees, or workers, you can also rent out their property, such as fields or homes rented or contracted out to other parties. This means that the family (household), in addition to consuming also conduct economic activities which provide labor and other resources. In other words, a household consumers as well as the owner or provider of the factors of production. Consuming activity and provide factors of production as we discussed above is carried by almost all households in the community.But if we are talking about households, then what is meant here is the rest of the people who consume. It may consist of a family or household (father, mother, child), or who are single, children or adults who live in

the dorms, and so are purchasing goods and services for consumption. We can call them with Household Consumers (RTK). a. Main Problem household economy To meet the needs of everyday life, our parents must have income. Income households is a tool or a resource that is used to meet the various needs of everyday life. So the issue is how the domestic economy with the income that went to meet all kinds of needs of families, both now and in the future. This problem is felt most heavily by the household or family in our country, especially the poor. Even many whose income is so low that they are having difficulty meeting basic needs of daily life. In contrast to households or high-income families, the issues listed above is not a severe problem. In fact we can be sure they do not face problems or feel the household economy. b. Income Do you know what your parents work as? That is the source of family income. Households earning these days, especially in the form of money. But there is also a form of goods. Usually in the form of income may be additional uang.Sedangkan goods. For example, in the form of facilities, such as home office, vehicle, or the reimbursement of expenses in money pengobatan.Penghasilan can be divided into nominal income (money income) and real income (real income). For example, salary or income parents in the month of Rp 100.000,00 amount of money received by the RTK of one hundred thousand dollars is what is called nominal income (money income). While the number of goods that can be bought with some money (one hundred thousand dollars) is called real income (real income). For example, typically ahead of the holy month of Ramadan the rising prices of staple goods such as rice, sugar, wheat flour, vegetables, fruits, and others. The price increase could be around 10 to 20%. For example, the original income of 100,000, 00 (nominal income) can be used to buy rice 25 Kg (real income). But ahead of Ramadan, the price of rice rose to Rp 5,000, 00 then the same amount of money just to get 20 kg of rice. In other words, nominal fixed income (100,000, 00), but because there are price increases the real value (real income) decreased. So the real income is determined by the amount of income and the rate of increase in nominal prices of the goods. c. Household spending A household's income is spent mostly to satisfy all kinds of needs of the household. In economics called spent on consumption. Consumption is not just the food alone but includes all goods and services needed to live. Expenditure per family or household is not as great. Families different from one another. Similarly, spending a year ago is certainly not the same as spending family now, because their families can be increased from time to time. The size of the amount of expenditure depends on many factors such as the following: large amount of family income the number of family members and old the level of prices of goods and services needs the social status of the families including education level the social environment a family (living in a village or town, city or town small) ways to manage family finances or household B. ACTORS OF ECONOMIC RELATIONSHIPS 1. Relationship Between Two Actors: RTP and RTK

Once we see the actors and activities in outline, then we need to answer the question how the relationship between the principals of the above? First, the relationship between RTK and RTP can be seen in the picture below. We depart from household consumers (RTK) that all the people of Indonesia, amounting to more than 200 million citizens or residents. They work for a living in the household producers (RTP) or the corporate world either their own business or work in the company, and earn revenue. This income they spend on buying goods and services produced by the RTP through RTP pasar.Dari perspective or business, to meet the needs of the community (RTK) the producers to produce goods and services sold in the market. For that RTP requires productive resources or factors of production of RTK such as labor, land or land, capital, and so on. This resource is partially supplied by the household, especially in the form of labor. Therefore RTP provide remuneration in the form of salary or wages for labor, rent for land or land, and interest or dividends to capital. So there is a flow of goods and productive services of RTK to RTP in the form of labor and other production factors, which were offset by cash flow for repayment of RTP to RTK. This cash flow in the form of income or incomes. 2. Relations RTP-RTK-Government-State The government also took part in the national economic activities by conducting various transactions with RTK and RTP. Some of RTK existing workforce working in the government sector (PEM) as civil servants and military and receive remuneration in the form of wages / salary (income). However, RTK ltidak can spend all of their income, due in part to be paid to PEM in the form of taxes. For example, office equipment, machinery, vehicles, electronic goods, buildings, and so on. But like RTK, RTP had to pay taxes to the PEM. Some of the money from the tax is used by the PEM to pay pensions and give subsidies to RTK and RTP. For example, rice subsidy, fertilizer, fuel, etc. (which more and more reduced). Although PEM purchase goods and services in the goods market, but PEM can not sell their products in the form of goods and services to the public interest (public goods and services). For example, roads, bridges, security, and so on. While production of State Owned Enterprises as train services, fuel, postel, and so are not included in the PEM but incorporated into the RTP group or sector (business entities or companies). How to do with the sector overseas? In the flow of goods, products RTP not only channeled into RTK in the country, but also exported to markets abroad. But RTP, RTK, and PEM also buy goods and services from outside the country or imported. From exports and imports is seen a flow of money. When RTP, RTK, PEM purchase goods and services from abroad (imports) we have to pay. This means no cash flow from domestic to overseas. In contrast to exports, there is the money flowing in from abroad into the country. This import export activities have a great impact on the national economic activities, such as production, the level of prices, money supply, and employment