Card # 34 Thermal expansion of liquids

Like solid liquids also expand on heating. Since liquids do not have a definite shape
they can have only volume expansion. Since the container containing liquid also
expands with heat therefore

Real Expansion = Apparent Expansion + Expansion

in a liquid of liquid of Container

When a liquid is heated in a container, the container expands first and therefore the
level of liquid decreases since the expansion of liquid is more than that of solid,
therefore after sometime the liquid expands and its level increases.

Coefficient of apparent
Expansion for liquid = Ya = (ΔV)a
V ΔT
= Apparent increase in volume
Original volume x rise in temperature

Coefficient of real expansion in liquid Yr = (ΔV) r

V ΔT
= Real expansion in volume
Original volume x rise in temperature

Coefficient of real Coefficient of Coefficient of

expansion of liquid = apparent expansion + expansion of
of liquid container
γ r = γ a + γ g

Anomalous behavior of water

Generally all the liquids expand with the rise of temperature. But the volume of
water decreases when the temperatures increased from 0o C to 4o C . The volume of
water is minimum at 4o C ; therefore its density will be maximum at 4o C . This
behavior of water is called anomalous expansion of water.