Symmetrical Fault Calculations

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When fault occurs at point F, the reactance diagram at the selected base MVA will be as shown in Fig. 17.29 (i). The reactances of generators A and B are in parallel and their equivalent reactance = 8%/2 = 4%. The circuit then reduces to the one shown in Fig. 17.29 (ii). This further reduces to the one shown in Fig. 17.29 (iii).

Total % reactance from generator neutral upto fault point F 12 27 5 = 12 % || 275 % = 12 +27 5 = 835 % 100 100 = 10 Fault MVA = Base MVA = 1198 MVA % Reactance 8 35 Example 17.14. A 10 MVA, 66 kV, 3-phase star-connected alternator having a reactance of 20% is connected through a 5 MVA, 66 kV/33 kV transformer of 10% reactance to a transmission line having a resistance and reactance per conductor per kilometre of 02 and 1 respectively. Fifty kilometres along the line, a short-circuit occurs between the three conductors. Find the current fed to the fault by the alternator.

Solution. Fig. 17.30 shows the single line diagram of the network. Let 10 MVA (= 10 kVA) be the base MVA. % reactance of the alternator on base MVA is 10 20 = 20 % % XA = 10 % reactance of the transformer on base MVA is 10 10 = 20 % % XT = 5 % reactance of the transmission line is