General Geology of Kutai Basin

The Geology of Kutai Basin and their practical implications
By: Ery Arifullah Geologist
Monday, December 24, 2012
Introduction - Background - Objectives and targets - History of geological research in East Kalimantan - Terminology and principles in geology. The Geology of Kutai Basin - The main significance of Kutai Basin - Regional Geology - Tectonic - Stratigraphy - Sedimentology & ichnology : fluvial, deltaic, non deltaic, carbonate shelf, and deep water deposits The practical implications - Petroleum / Hydrogeology - Coal Future significance for educations, land use and research development.
Introduction
Background
Background
The geology of Kutai Basin is our very precious assets like forrest in our region.
Background
The geology of Kutai Basin is our very precious assets like forrest in our region. The Kutai Basin is one of the most important petroleum, coal and gold producer.
Background
The geology of Kutai Basin is our very precious assets like forrest in our region. The Kutai Basin is one of the most important petroleum, coal and gold producer. Academic community (students and lecturer in geosciences) have not significance understanding of Kutai Basin geology.
Objectives and Targets

Objectives:

Objectives: - new insight: conceptual framework and knowledges.

Objectives: - new insight: conceptual framework and knowledges. - practical informations of Kutai Basin geology and their relationship to fossil fuel and mineral resources.

Objectives: - new insight: conceptual framework and knowledges. - practical informations of Kutai Basin geology and their relationship to fossil fuel and mineral resources. - to straight geological principles, applications and opportunity

Objectives: - new insight: conceptual framework and knowledges. - practical informations of Kutai Basin geology and their relationship to fossil fuel and mineral resources. - to straight geological principles, applications and opportunity - to optimize using geological data and thinking with new solutions in coal exploration.

Objectives: - new insight: conceptual framework and knowledges. - practical informations of Kutai Basin geology and their relationship to fossil fuel and mineral resources. - to straight geological principles, applications and opportunity - to optimize using geological data and thinking with new solutions in coal exploration. Targets : students, lecturer, and stake holder.
History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Late 1800s Dutch geologist

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin.

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist.

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist.

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist. 1960s Union oil, Huffco geologist. New born of plate tectonic paradigm.

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist. 1960s Union oil, Huffco geologist. New born of plate tectonic paradigm. 1970s 1980s oil booming, significance sedimentological and stratigraphic research in deltaic deposit: Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta by George Allen. New born of sequence stratigraphic concept and their application world wide. Development of Samarinda Area litostratigraphy by Land & Jones (coal geologist).

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist. 1960s Union oil, Huffco geologist. New born of plate tectonic paradigm. 1970s 1980s oil booming, significance sedimentological and stratigraphic research in deltaic deposit: Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta by George Allen. New born of sequence stratigraphic concept and their application world wide. Development of Samarinda Area litostratigraphy by Land & Jones (coal geologist). 1990s 2000s

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist. 1960s Union oil, Huffco geologist. New born of plate tectonic paradigm. 1970s 1980s oil booming, significance sedimentological and stratigraphic research in deltaic deposit: Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta by George Allen. New born of sequence stratigraphic concept and their application world wide. Development of Samarinda Area litostratigraphy by Land & Jones (coal geologist). 1990s 2000s - renaissance in deltaic sedimentology

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist. 1960s Union oil, Huffco geologist. New born of plate tectonic paradigm. 1970s 1980s oil booming, significance sedimentological and stratigraphic research in deltaic deposit: Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta by George Allen. New born of sequence stratigraphic concept and their application world wide. Development of Samarinda Area litostratigraphy by Land & Jones (coal geologist). 1990s 2000s - renaissance in deltaic sedimentology - detailed deep water deposit Kutai Basin has been one of a pioneer in deep water geological research in the world.

Late 1800s Dutch geologist 1931 Leopold & van der Vlerk: stratigraphic nomenclature for Kutai Basin. 1940s Japan geologist. 1950s BPM/Shell geologist. 1960s Union oil, Huffco geologist. New born of plate tectonic paradigm. 1970s 1980s oil booming, significance sedimentological and stratigraphic research in deltaic deposit: Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta by George Allen. New born of sequence stratigraphic concept and their application world wide. Development of Samarinda Area litostratigraphy by Land & Jones (coal geologist). 1990s 2000s - renaissance in deltaic sedimentology - detailed deep water deposit Kutai Basin has been one of a pioneer in deep water geological research in the world. - first time in ichnological research for modern and outcrop analogues study in Indonesia.
Terminology & principles in geology

Geology is science NOT engineering. Geology is earth science study of interior, architectural, processes and history of the earth very significance to apply in petroleum, coal, others mineral resources, land use, environmental, hydrogeology.
Basic principles in geology
Basic principles in geology

Time and space correlation NOT process and physical correlation lithostratigraphy NOT absolute with some exceptions Uniformitarianism actualism analogues study examples: Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta.
The Geology of Kutai Basin
The Main Significance of Kutai Basin
KUTAI BASIN:
One of the center for geological research in the world and places for geological education and training
AAPG field trip KUTAI BASIN:


IAGI field trip

ITB/UPN field trip

IAGI field trip

The future research solving the geological problems, support new theories and new ideas and practices.
Environmental Forecasting
Climates evolutions Volcanic activity, tectonic earthquake. River, delta, coastal dinamics; example: river/fluvial flood quantity. Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta
Climates evolutions Volcanic activity, tectonic earthquake. River, delta, coastal dinamics; example: river/fluvial flood quantity. Modern and Miocene Mahakam Delta
UNIFORMITARIANISM
14,4 millions years ago
Examples of river (red) and fluvial flood deposit (yellow)
Modern river in Mahakam Delta
N
South China Sea
KUTAI BASIN:
Indonesian most prolic basin : petroleum + coal
KUCHING OROGENIC COMPLEX
Celebes Sea
KUTAI BASIN
Mahakam Delta Samarinda
Balikpapan
with its own, unique Mahakam Delta
Java Sea
>11 BBOE reserve Mid Miocene & younger
Regional Geology
Tectonics
Regional Geology
Tectonics
The Kutai Basin tectonic framework (Bachtiar, 2004)

Regional Geology
Tectonics
Interaction of 3 plates: -Eurasia plates -Pasific plates -Indian-Australia plates

Regional Geology
Tectonics

Regional Geology
Tectonics
Control the basin formation, modification and infilling sediment.

Tectonics
Tectonics
Tectonics
Kutai Basin boundaries:

West: Kuching High East : Makassar Strait North : Mangkalihat High South : Maratus Range
Tectonics
Tectonics
KU
U IH TA
LU
I A
IR IL
Upper and Lower Kutai Basin based on gravity map (Wain and Berod, 1989).
Stratigraphy
460000
500000
540000
BUS-01
Stratigraphy
9980000
U
0 10 20 KM
BAT-01
SEP-01
9980000
MUR-01 PEMBLN 2 PEMBLN 3 JONGGON BUA-01 LJN 2 PEMBLN 4
SEB-01 SEG-01 PRT-02
MUM-01
BIN V-1A
PERJUANGAN
WARE HOUSE
9940000
CAMP 88
9940000
LJN 1 PEL-01
ANG-01
BEL-01
JBYN
NAN-01
CAMP SPK2 LOA-01 SEPAKU SUN-01
AMD
TNG-01
SPK 1-7
MID MIOCENE & YOUNGER N8 N 810 N 850 N 8A N7
9900000 9860000
RIK-01
9900000
TNG
SPK 14 SKN-01 SPK 8+100 SAM-01
KETERANGAN:
MIOSEN TENGAH N8 N 810
SAM-02 RDN-01
SEGRET
MENTAWIR SM-01 MEN-01
N 850 N 8A N7
RDN-02
LAM-01
N6
LAM-02 BON-01 GNB-01
N5 N4 SUMUR MINYAK DAN GAS DAERAH PENELITIAN KHUSUS DENGAN LINTASAN GEOLOGI LOKASI SINGKAPAN
9860000
N6 N5 N4
WLW-01
SWL-01
JALUR SEISMIK
460000
500000
540000
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy
Wave & tidal dominated delta
Stratigraphy
Fluvial dominated delta Wave & tidal dominated delta
Stratigraphy
Kolom stratigrafi daerah Samarinda (Chambers & Daley, 1995)

Stratigraphy
Fluvial dominated delta

Stratigraphy
Fluvial dominated delta
Wave & tidal dominated delta

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy
UTARA
A
N5
BUSANG-1 (PROJ.) TD 7021

N5 N5
SEBULU-1 (PROJ.) TD 4910 M

N8
SEPARI-1 (PROJ.) TD 5816

N8
PRANGAT-1 TD 11025 PRANGAT-2 TD 11486
SEMBERAH-6
A'
G N10
N8
N7 N6 N5 N5
N7 N6
N7
F
G
N10
N8
TENGAH
B
N4 ?
KUTAI RIDGE (GRAVITY HIGH) KAHALA-1 TD 10061 SINKLIN DANAU KUTAI MURUNG-1 TD 5155 SINKLIN PERIAN ANTIKLIN PEMBULAN SINKLIN BUAT BUAT-1 TD 12063 SINKLIN GITAN SINKLIN TALUANG SINKLIN SAKA KANAN ANTIKLIN PELARANG SOUTH S. NANGKA-1 TD 5472 ANTIKLIN MUTIARA PUNAN-1 MUTIARA-2 TD 13481 TD 9458 HANDIL KERBAU-4 TD 11680 BEKAPAI-11 TD 15098
B'
N4 N4
N5 N5 BASEMENT
N6
N7 N6 N5
N7
N10 N8
F
G N10
N4
N8
SELATAN DAN WAIN Legenda:

A A'
C
N4
MENTAWIR-1 TD 5620
G
RADEN-1 TD 11867
TEMPAYAN-1 TD 13493
C'
GARIS PENAMPANG A - A STRUKTUR PATAHAN
N5
N6
N7 N6
N10
BA
G N1
NG SA
N8
LU
NCO
NF. EQU IV. F
N7
N7
N7
GARIS MARKER LOKASI SUMUR DENGAN KEDALAMAN TD BATUAN BERUMUR N8 DAN LEBIH MUDA BATUAN BERUMUR N7 - N8 BATUAN BERUMUR N6 - N7 BATUAN BERUMUR N5 - N6 BATUAN BERUMUR N4 - N5 BATUAN BERUMUR N4 DAN LEBIH TUA BATUAN DASAR 6 KM 0 20 KM 3 0
N8
Geological cross section of northern part Lower Kutai Basin, Center part and South-Wain (Bachtiar, 2004).
The Dinamics of Depositional Environment in the Geological Record
Ophiolite Complex (Basement of Kutai Basin in Pasir
Deep Water Deposits in Bakungan
Batuputih (?)
Bakungan (?)
Batuputih (?)
Bakungan (?)
Batuputih Limestone (Carbonate Shelf) N8 (Lower Miocene)
Deltaic terminology
Deltaic terminology
Deltaic terminology
Sedimentological characteristic in the Modern Mahakam Delta (Allen & Chambers, 1998)
River and River Mouth deposits in Pandan Wangi
Distributary Channel Distributary Mouth Bar
Dist Channel deposit in Perjuangan Quarry Samarinda
Ophiolite Complex (Basement of Kutai Basin in Pasir
Batuputih (?)
Bakungan (?)
Batuputih (?)
Bakungan (?)
Batuputih Limestone (Carbonate Shelf) N8 (Lower Miocene)
River Mouth Deposit near SMU Melati (Wave dominated delta)
River Mouth Deposit near SMU Melati (Wave dominated delta)
River Mouth Deposit in MT. Haryono Road (Tidal dominated delta)
River Mouth Deposit in MT. Haryono Road (Tidal dominated delta)
Mouth Bar deposit beds
Storm bed
Historical Geology
Historical Geology
452.000
552.000
BAT-01
10.000.000
BUS01
IS-SL/IS-SL/63
SEP-01
10.000.000
SEB-01 SEG-010 50 MUR-01 0 PRT-02
B/B/63
MUM-01 Peta Indeks
MM-IS / BRK /33
DELTA MURUNGBUAT-BELONAK
Singkapan Pembulan Stop 2, 3
MM
IS
MS
BUA-01
OS
BIN V-1A
* * *
BEL-01
ANG-01 PEL-01
Daerah Penelitian
MS/IS
IS/MM
NAN-01 SUN-01
Legenda:
SUMUR KERING SUMUR MINYAK
*
9.900.000
TNG-01
LOA-01
IS/MM/26
SKN-01 SAM-01
9.900.000
SUMUR GAS
PROTO WAIN DELTA?

RIK-01
SM-01 MEN-01 RDN-02 RDN-01 SAM-02 BUS-01
SUMUR MINYAK DAN GAS
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN DAN PERSEN BATUPASIR

ISMS 2.5
LAM-01 LAM-02 BON-01 GNB-01 WLW-01 SWL-01
KONTUR BATAS LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MARGINAL MARINE LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN INNER SHELF
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MIDDLE SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN OUTER SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN BATHYAL
10
20 KM
100 50 0
PERSENTASE BATUPASIR PADA LST LOKASI SINGKAPAN ARAH ARUS PURBA
452.000 552.000
Peta paleogeografi HST sekuen B (N4 bagian atas) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
452.000
552.000
Proto Sangatta Podelta?
BAT-01
10.000.000
BUS01
10.000.000
MOS-USL
SEB-01 SEG-01
SEP-01
OS-UB
PRT-02
MUR-01
OS-UB
MUM-01
MS
BIN V-1A Peta Indeks
BUA-01
0
ANG-01 PEL-01
IS/8
BEL-01 NAN-01 SUN-01
Daerah Penelitian
LOA-01
Singkapan Bukit AMD

9.900.000
TNG-01
Legenda:
9.900.000
SUMUR KERING SUMUR MINYAK SUMUR GAS
50
0
SKN-01 SAM-01
MM-IS/82
SM-01 MEN-01
RDN-02 RDN-01
SAM-02

LAM-01 LAM-02 BON-01 RIK-01 0 50 WLW-01 GNB-01 BUS-01

ISMS 2.5
KONTUR BATAS LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN
IS/81
SWL-01
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MARGINAL MARINE LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN INNER SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MIDDLE SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN OUTER SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN BATHYAL
100 50 0
10
20 KM
452.000
552.000
PERSENTASE BATUPASIR PADA LST
Peta paleogeografi HST sekuen C (N5 bagian atas) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
452.000
552.000
BAT-01
10.000.000
ISMS 2.5 ISMS 0
BUS-01
10.000.000
SEP-01 SEB-01 SEG-01
OSB 0 0 PRT-02
OSB 14.77
MUR-01
MUM-01 BIN V-1A Peta Indeks BUA-01
50
0 ISMS 1.06
ANG-01 ISMS 83.33 PEL-01
Daerah Penelitian
LOA-01
Legenda :
9.900.000
9.900.000
TNG-01 MMIS IS 0 0 IS 18.75 SM-01 MEN-01 SIS 23 DISMS 100

10 5 0 0 0
IS 0
SKN-01
SAM-01
RDN-02 RDN-01
SAM-02

LAM-01 LAM-02 BON-01 BUS-01

ISMS 2.5
RIK-01 10 0 50 DIS 0 DIS 100 MSOS 0
GNB-01
0
WLW-01 SWL-01
KONTUR BATAS LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN
MSOS 0
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MARGINAL MARINE LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN INNER SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MIDDLE SHELF
10
20 KM
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN OUTER SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN BATHYAL

100 50 0
452.000
552.000
PERSENTASE BATUPASIR PADA HST diatas TST
Peta paleogeografi TST sekuen D (N6) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
452.000
552.000
BAT-01
10.000.000
BUS01
10.000.000
M-OS/0
PRT-02
MUR-01
MUM-01 BIN V-1A
BUA-01 50 0 PEL-01
ANG-01
Peta Indeks
IS-MS/IS/73
BEL-01
Daerah Penelitian
MS
LOA-01
NAN-01 SUN-01
9.900.000
TNG-01 SKN-01 0
Legenda:
9.900.000
IS/IS/30
SAM-01
SM-01 MEN-01 RDN-02 RDN-01 SAM-02
SUMUR GAS
DIS-SMS DISLAM-02 SMS/Y2BON-01

RIK-01 50 GNB-01
0
LAM-01

BUS-01

ISMS 2.5
WLW-01 SWL-01
10
20 KM
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MIDDLE SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN OUTER SHELF

100 50 0
452.000
552.000
Peta paleogeografi HST sekuen D (N7 bagian bawah) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
452.000
552.000
BAT-01
10.000.000
BUS01
10.000.000
IS IS/0.09
OS OS/0
PRT-02
MUR-01
M-OS M-OS/0.65
MUM-01 BIN V-1A
BUA-01 ANG-01 PEL-01
Peta Indeks
IS/IS/0 OS
BEL-01
Daerah Penelitian
NAN-01
9.900.000
Arah perkembangan Delta Wain
MM
MS IS
LOA-01
SUN-01
TNG-01 SKN-01 SM-01 IS MEN-01
Legenda:
9.900.000
SAM-01
IS-MM/0.87
SOS/0
SAM-02
RDN-02 RDN-01 MM-IS/0.95
MM-IS/94 SIS/72
LAM-02 BON-01 RIK-01 WLW-01 GNB-01 LAM-01
MM-IS/50 DIS/87
BUS-01
DIS/1 MM-IS/0.92
SWL-01 DIS/0

ISMS 2.5
SIS-DIS/71
MS/1
10
20 KM
452.000
552.000
100 50 0
Peta paleogeografi HST sekuen E (N7 bagian atas) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
452.000
552.000
BAT-01
10.000.000
BUS-01 MMIS
MMIS
10.000.000
SEB-01 SEG-01 SIS
SEP-01 ISMS PRT-02
MUR-01
ARAH PERKEMBANGAN LOBE DELTA MAHAKAM PURBA

BIN V-1A
MUM-01
Peta Indeks
BUA-01 MM ANG-01 PEL-01

Daerah Penelitian
Legenda :
SINGKAPAN JL.SEPAKU STOP 1-2
LOA-01
9.900.000
SINGKAPAN JL.SEPAKU KM.14 SINGKAPAN MENTAWIR 45O SINGKAPAN BP.TEL RIK-01
TNG-01 IS ISMS SM-01 MEN-01 IS IS OS OS MSOS IS RDN-02 OSUB RDN-01 SKN-01 B 75O
9.900.000
SAM-01 OS BUS-01
SUMUR GAS
SAM-02 MS
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN PADA SUMUR

MMIS
LAM-01
MMIS
(MODIFIKASI PROSES GELOMBANG)

75O
LAM-02 DMS BON-01 MOS GNB-01
LOKASI SINGKAPAN ARAH ARUS PURBA DARI SINGKAPAN PENAMPANG STRATIGRAFI
MMIS
DMS WLW-01 IS SWL-01 IS
ARAH PERKEMBANGAN LOBE DELTA WAIN
10
20 KM
452.000
552.000
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN BATHYAL
Peta paleogeografi HST sekuen F (N8 bagian bawah) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
452.000
552.000
BAT-01
10.000.000
BUS-01 IS
10.000.000
SEB-01 SEG-01
SEP-01 MMIS PRT-02 MMIS
MUR-01
MUM-01 MMIS BIN V-1A BRKMM
ARAH PERKEMBANGAN LOBE DELTA MAHAKAM PURBA

BUA-01 FD
ANG-01 PEL-01 MMIS
Peta Indeks
DMM BEL-01
Daerah Penelitian
NAN-01 FD LOA-01 SUN-01 MMIS
IS TNG-01 SKN-01
9.900.000
ARAH PERKEMBANGAN LOBE DELTA SELATAN
9.900.000
SAM-01 MMIS RDN-02 MMIS RDN-01 MMIS LAM-02 BON-01 IS LAM-01 ISMS
Legenda :
SM-01 MEN-01
SAM-02 SIS
FDMM
SUMUR GAS

BUS-01
RIK-01 WLW-01 MMSIS
GNB-01MM MM
(MODIFIKASI PROSES GELOMBANG)

IS
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN PADA SUMUR
SWL-01 ISMM
KONTUR BATAS LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN FLUVIAL DELTA LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MARGINAL MARINE
10
20 KM
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN INNER SHELF LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN MIDDLE SHELF
452.000
552.000
LINGKUNGAN PENGENDAPAN OUTER SHELF
Peta paleogeografi HST sekuen G/H (N8 bagian atas) (BACHTIAR, 2004)
The Modern Mahakam Delta

The Modern Mahakam is exclusive geological deltaic type in the world. Fluvial-tidal balanced interaction, but not same with the Miocene Mahakam Delta.
Deltaic stratigraphy controlled by:

Relative influence of waves, tides and fluvial. Grain size, offshore water depth. Autocyclic processes: river/delta avulsion, compaction of underlying deltaic sediment. Allocyclic processes: sediment supply, sea level change, tectonic subsidence.
Allocyclic & Autocyclic

Autocyclic processes (natural redistribution of energy within depositional system): river/delta avulsion, storms, tidal ebb/flood, subaerial flood, meandering channel, tidal creek, submarine fan, gravity flow, compaction of underlying deltaic sediment. Allocyclic processes (change sedimentary system is generated by external cause): sediment supply, sea level change, tectonic subsidence. (Miall, 1990)
Geology of Modern Mahakam Delta
Pembagian jenis delta (Galloway, 1975)


Modern Mahakam Delta

Hard wood in Upper Delta Plain
Nipah in Lower Delta Plain
Peat Ridges in Modern Mahakam Delta
Peat Ridges in Modern Mahakam Delta
Geologists was walking on Peat Ridges Modern Mahakam Delta
Lateral profiles of Pulau Lantang (North Mahakam Delta)
Lateral profiles of Pulau Lantang (North Mahakam Delta)
healthy
healthy
stressed
stressed
healthy
stressed
healthy
stressed
Practical Implications on
THE FACTS
Petroleum Exploration: Very complex reservoir heterogenity, quality and geometry. Detailed facies analysis. Detailed and optimize stratigraphic correlations. Understanding petroleum system due with basin analysis. Optimize old data (geochemistry, petrophysics, cutting, geophysics: logging, sedimentology, stratigraphy and seismic). Analogues study: modern and Miocene deposit
PROBLEMS IN COAL EXPLORATION

Abrubt change of lithology type, terminated seams. Why the coals have different quality (ash, S), geometry and distribution. How to use and optimize new or old available data (ash, S and thickness) to reconstuct the paleogeographic, isopach and iso-ash, iso-S and etc. How to optimize the wireline logging data?
Perjuangan Quarry Samarinda
Perjuangan Quarry Samarinda 14,4 millions years ago
Examples of fluvial-deltaic reservoir geometry heterogenity
Mouth Bar (River mouth) deposit in Pondok. Alam Indah Samarinda

Hypothetical GR log

Hypothetical GR log
General channel reservoir characteristics: Width/Tickness > 50 100 Thickness : 5 20 m. Medium - coarse grained Amalgamated Lateral accretion.

Hypothetical GR log
General channel reservoir characteristics: Width/Tickness > 50 100 Thickness : 5 20 m. Medium - coarse grained Amalgamated Lateral accretion.
General mouth bar reservoir characteristics: Width/Tickness > 1000 Thickness : 1 6 m. Fine medium grained Amalgamated
Figure 3.12.
BONGKARAN TRAVERSE STRATIGRAPHIC CORRELATION

VERTICAL SCALE 1 : HORIZONTAL UNSCALE 5000
(M) 0
GP.42 GP.42 GP.39
GP.22
GP.22
BON-1
GP.7 GP.7 MFS A10 GP.4 GP.6 GP.13A GP.6
BON-7
GP.39
SB Candidate Coal Coal Coal Coal
(M) 0
GP.8 TIDAL FLAT
GP.8 PRO DELTA
TIDAL FLAT TIDAL CHANNEL
CHANNEL
BON-4
A20
500
GP.214 SB A60 SB GP.236 GP.16 GP.16 GP.196 SB A60 0 0 GP.134 A80 GP.270 GP.270 MFS N10 GP.282 GP.264 GP.282 GP.278 TIDAL FLAT GP.278 GP.306 GP.306 GP.328 GP.328 GP.301 GP.301 N12A N 12A MFS N10 MARKER GP.212 GP.160 GP.160 GP.75 GP.75 A30
DIST CHANNEL
500
BON-5
A80 GP.232
MFS A10 GP.83 GP.129 GP.129 GP.120 GP.120 GP.134 GP.123 GP.123 GP.8 3 GP.83 GP.81 GP.81 GP.8 3 GP.74 GP.7 4 A60
BON-6 1000
A80
TIDAL FLAT A80 GP.99 TIDAL FLAT MFS N10 MARKER GP.99
1000
1500
GP.323 GP.323 WATER SPRING N 12B
1500
STOP 09 OIL SEEP GN.PANCUR GP.383
2000
2000
REGIONAL KUTAI BASIN & MAHAKAM DELTA

PERTAMINA JASTEK FIELD TRIP, KUTAI BASIN, EAST KALIMANTAN July 31 - August 05, 2003
BLOW UP STRATIGRAPHY CORRELATION OF I 82 SERIES Vertical scale 1 : 200

47
GP
SEM # 07
36
C m f vf si cl
GR
6 46 8
1300 PHOTO 10 I 81
45
10
12
I 81
14 0 16 FeOx 2 18 37 FeOx FeOx 4 20 0 44A
74A
74A
MOUTH BAR
6 2 75A 8 4 4 73A 10 6 45A 6 4 8 FLOOD PLAIN 76A 14 10 SH,dkgy-gy 8 72A 10 8 12 46A 18 FeOx 14 77A 14 12 16 71A 22 18 18 16 24 20 20 18 38 26 47A 28 24 78A 24 22 30 26 79A 26 70A 32 28 80A 28 26 34 30 81A 30 32 30 38 34 34 32 40 39 36 48A 38 36 69A 38 36 44 40 84A/85A 46 42 42 40 40 38 34 24 22 22 20 14 65 12 10 6 2 0 66
I 81
22
DELTA FRONT MUD 1350
24
CHANNEL FILL
26
PHOTO 6, 7, 8
12
FLOOD PLAIN
28 44 RBS
PHOTO 9
30 32
CREVASE SPLAY
16
RBS 34
20 RBS 36
16
TIDAL CHANNEL
38
Ss,vf-fg,muddy
1400
40 43 42
44
FLOOD PLAIN
46
I 82
48
50
I 82 A
36
MULTI STOREY DISTRIBUTARY CHANNEL
28
64
I 82 A
52
32 82A/83A
I 82 A
54
CHANNEL EDGE 1450 I 83

42 60 56
42 58
FLOOD PLAIN
62 40
I 83
48
44
44 42 63
64
50
46
46 44
I 85
68 FeOx 70 54 50 52 49/50 48 48 68A
I 83
46
1500
72 56 74 41 54 FeOx 51 52
67A
56
58
41
60
62
64
68
Fluvial dominated deltaic deposit in Villa Tamara
Dist. Channel Sand LDP Delta Front Sand & Mud
Delta Plain Coal
Semberah Field VICO Indonesia
Upper Delta Plain (UDP) Environment
Lower Delta Plain (LDP Environment
UDP Coal
LDP Coal
UDP Coal
LDP Coal
UDP Coal
LDP Coal
UDP Coal
LDP Coal
Crevasse Splay (Smd Bpn Km. 46.5) N13
Crevasse splay sandstone sandwiched by two coal seams.
Crevasse splay sandstone sandwiched by two coal seams. Sedimentary structures: climbing ripple, slump and truncated dunes.
Bachtiar, dkk., 2002
Stop 14 SEMBERAH 50
48 m Line 03 200 m
Fracturing zone
Line 01
Line 02
Notes :
VICO Indonesia
A Division of Vico Indonesia Company
Stop 14 SEMBERAH 50
48 m Line 03 200 m
Fracturing zone
Line 01
Line 02
Notes :
Two coal seams. Top part is proximal deposit and bottom part is distal portions. Associated with calcareous shales (Delta Front deposits). Amber associations.
VICO Indonesia
A Division of Vico Indonesia Company
Line 02
Thickness M
26
LITHOLOGY Grain Size

Vf Sh
DESCRIPTION
PALEONTOLOGY
FD
DEPOSITIONAL ENVIRONMENT
UTDP LTDP DF
SEMBERAH 50 SEDIMETOLOGY MONTAGE
PD
25
48 m
Line 01 Line 01 24 Sh,brn - gy
Line 02 200 m Fracturing zone
Line 03
Thickness M
27
LITHOLOGY Grain Size

Vf Sh
DESCRIPTION
PALEONTOLOGY
FD
UTDP LTDP DF
PD
23
Coal , ember 22 Sh, brnsh, gy
26 21 Platy coal 25
Sh, brnsh-gy
Sem.50 Outcrop Profile

Thickness M
22
Line 03
Crevasse splay
Ss, muddy, vfg, burrows 20
LITHOLOGY
C M
Grain Size
F vf Si
P7 24
Sh, brnsh Ss, fg-vfg, c/up muddy, burrow
Barren
Cl
Description
Coaly sh., dk.gy..
PALEONTOLOGY
FD
UTDP LTDP DF
PD
Sh, brnsh, rootlet 19

21
23
P6
Sh, wh Sh, brnsh - gy, rootlet
BRK(-) Trochammina sp Spiroglutina sp
Sh, dkgy, carb.mat 18

20
Coal, platy, w/ amber lenses.
22
Sh, dkgy, carb.mat 17

19
Siltst., bwn., muddy, interlam.w/ carb. mat.. Coal, platy.
21
Sh, dkgy-gy 16
Sh, dkgy,
18
6
Sh., gy.-dk.gy., upward became darker. Fe ox. concretions and coal clasts float. Thin, sst.lnses. in upper part.
20 2 Sh, dkgy, ember 19 P5 Ss, vfg, muddy, bioturbated 18 Glomospira sp Miliammina fusca Spiroglutina sp Trochammina sp Haplophragmoides sp Total abundance > 50 BRK(+-) Miliammina sp Trochammina sp Thurrammina sp 15
17 feox
Ammotium, Trochammina, Ammodiscus, Glomospira, Gaudryina. abundance: 14
14
16
Mouth bar deposit
13
Ss, fg-mg, c/up, burrow at the top, climbing rip, carb.mat, rbs
15
Sst., wht.-yell. ochre, vf.-f. gr., c/up., tgntial. cross lam, ripple lam. Burrows at upper part.
Ss, vfg-fg, wh , c/up loose climbing rip, wave rip 17 FeOx 16 Sh, dkgy, laminated w/ ss,vfg, burrow
12
14
Sh, dkgy, burrow, lenses vfg ss, FeOx 11

13
Sh., gy., interbed w/ sst., bwnish., vf. gr.. Snd. flaser in sh. lyr. Fe ox. lyr (sideritic) and burrows at upper sh.
6
Ss, wh, vfg lam w/ ws sh, rbs, climbing ripzz
15
dominanted Ss, vfg, rbs laminated w/ sh,brnsh, burrows 10 Sh, dkgy, FeOx
Sh., gy., interlam by siltst., yell ochre and thin carb. mat. layer. Par. lam., cross lam. and wavy /ripple present. Coarsening upward. Calc. bldr. at lower part.
Barren
12
14 P4 Sh, dkgy-gy laminated w/ ss vfg, rbs BRK Miliammina sp Spiroglutinna sp Trochammina paciica Trochammina sp 9
11
13
Sh., gy., w/ reddish bwn., vf. gr., pbl.-bldr. calc. concretions, coal clasts at upper part.
8 Sh, dkgy, rbs, FeOx laminated w/ ss, c/up Sh, dkgy Ss, vfg-silt laminated w/sh, burrow P3 Clastic coal BRK (-) Undiagnostic s.a.f 7
9 10
6
Sh., gy., silty, roots common.
Trochammina, Eggerella, Gaudryina, Ammobaculites, Reophax, Ammobaculites, Ammonia (v. poor) abundance: 15
12
11
6
8
10
Sh, brnsh, pelecypoda 5
9 1
Delta front shale to Marine shale
P2
Calcareous siltstone, boulder abundant pelecypoda
Barren Haplophagmoides sp Spiroglutina sp Eggerella sp Trochammina sp
Sh-silt, boulder calc silt stone 4

6 feox
Sh, dkgy to silt parlam 8
Sh, gy, w/ sideritic fe ox, roots at bottom part. Trochammina rotaliformis, Haplophragmoides, Haplophrag.cf subinvolutum, Ammonia beccarii. abundance: 10
3 Sh, brnsh, gy, pelecypoda 2

4 5
Sh, dkgy, pelecypoda 1
Sh, gy,
5 0
2
Coal, platy, w/ amber lenses
P1
Sh, dkgy - gy
BRK (+) Glomospira sp Trochammina sp Spiroglutina sp

1
Sh, dkbwn, leaf fossils, upward became coaly sh. Coal platy 536800 | 536900 |
0
Sh, dkgy, carb.mat 0 9972800 -Line 01 Line 02 -- 9972800
Line 03 Semberah 50
Semberah 50 Outcrop
VICO INDONESIA SEDIMENTOLOGY STUDY SEMBERAH AREA

ANDANG BACHTIAR, ARMEIN & DODY APRIADI FEBRUARY, 2000
9972700 -- | 536800
| 536900
-- 9972700
RECOMENDATIONS
RECOMENDATIONS
Coal Exploration:
RECOMENDATIONS
Coal Exploration: Coal characteristics depend on depositional environment.
RECOMENDATIONS
Coal Exploration: Coal characteristics depend on depositional environment. Detailed facies analysis in adjacent clastic lithology.
RECOMENDATIONS
Coal Exploration: Coal characteristics depend on depositional environment. Detailed facies analysis in adjacent clastic lithology. Optimized stratigraphic correlations.
RECOMENDATIONS
Coal Exploration: Coal characteristics depend on depositional environment. Detailed facies analysis in adjacent clastic lithology. Optimized stratigraphic correlations. Detailed structural geological mapping
RECOMENDATIONS
Coal Exploration: Coal characteristics depend on depositional environment. Detailed facies analysis in adjacent clastic lithology. Optimized stratigraphic correlations. Detailed structural geological mapping Optimize available data (including old data) ie: ash, S, thickness, logging etc to reconstruct new paleogeographic map based on deltaic sedimentological thinking.
POTPOURRI
POTPOURRI
No government geological institution professional exist for East Kalimantan; ie: universities, research institutes and government bureau.
POTPOURRI
No government geological institution professional exist for East Kalimantan; ie: universities, research institutes and government bureau. Till today geological data in East Kalimantan is authorized by petroleum and coal industry, overseas research institute & universities and some national institute and universities in Indonesia (LIPI, P3G, and PPGL, ITB and UPN).
POTPOURRI
No government geological institution professional exist for East Kalimantan; ie: universities, research institutes and government bureau. Till today geological data in East Kalimantan is authorized by petroleum and coal industry, overseas research institute & universities and some national institute and universities in Indonesia (LIPI, P3G, and PPGL, ITB and UPN). How about us?

General Geology of Kutai Basin

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General Geology of Kutai Basin

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The Geology of Kutai Basin and their practical implications

By: Ery Arifullah Geologist

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

Monday, December 24, 2012

Objectives and Targets

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

History perspective of geological research in East Kalimantan

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Terminology & principles in geology

Basic principles in geology

Monday, December 24, 2012

Basic principles in geology

Monday, December 24, 2012

The Geology of Kutai Basin

Monday, December 24, 2012

The Main Significance of Kutai Basin

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

AAPG field trip KUTAI BASIN:

Monday, December 24, 2012

AAPG field trip KUTAI BASIN:

IAGI field trip

ITB/UPN field trip

AAPG field trip KUTAI BASIN:

IAGI field trip

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012

Monday, December 24, 2012