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HSPA for Improved Data Transfer

channel multiplexing occurs in the time domain, where each Transmission Time Interval (TTI) consists of three slots (or 2 ms.) The TTI is also referred to as a sub frame. The TTI has been significantly reduced from the 10 ms TTI sizes supported in R99 in order to better achieve short round trip delay between the UE (User Equipment) and the Node B

Within each 2 ms TTI, a constant Spreading Factor(SF) of 16 is used for code multiplexing, with a maximum of 15 parallel codes allocated. These codes may all be assigned to one user during the TTI, or may be split across several users. The number of parallel codes allocated to each user depends on cell loading, QoS requirements and the UE code capabilities (five, 10 or 15 codes).

The encoding scheme is based on (1/3 Turbo encoder) In order to achieve very high data rates, HSDPA adds a higher order modulation (16QAM) to the existing QPSK modulation used. Different combinations of modulation and the channel coding-rate

The retransmission mechanism selected for HSDPA is Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) with Stop and Wait protocol (SAW). HARQ allows the UE to rapidly request retransmission of erroneous transport blocks until they are successfully received.

HSDPA does not use soft handover. Instead, a hard handover algorithm has been proposed to switch between Node Bs because it was simple to support.

Multi code transmission Short Transmission Time Interval Fast hybrid Automatic Repeat request Adaptive Modulation

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