I.

Background of the Novel My Brother, My Executioner The conflict in this novel about the Hukbalahap uprising in the fifties is not just the enmity in the guerrilla war. It is the deeper symbolic conflict between two brothers and their vastly different and estranged worlds. Here, too, is the trauma of traditional society undergoing change, and the old refusing to let go. Don Vicente, the landlord who dominates Tree without really appearing in it, now appears in this novel as the central figure, the hierarch who returns to his town to die. Luis is his illegitimate son on whom he pins his last hopes for an heir. Victor is Luis' half-brother - the rebel, unflinching but doomed. My Brother, My Executioner, the third in the series of Rosales novels, is considered the most dramatic. In 1973, it was banned by the Martial Law regime "for depicting many events" that were reminiscent of the times.

II. Summary Plot System/Diagram Introduction- The story deals with the 2 half brothers - Luis Asperri and Victor. Luis is the biological, but illegitimate son of Don Vicente Asperri, the wealthiest landowner in there. At a young age, Luis was taken by his father from his poor mother and his half-brother Vic (a nickname for Victor), who both lived in Sipnget, Rosales, Pangasinan. His father gave him all he needs. Luis studied at manila and became a writer and editor of a left-wing magazine. He often writes about issues about the peasants and sides to them.

Rising Action- When Luis returned to Sipnget for vacation after being unable to visit for years because of studying and then now because of work he visited his grandfather and his mother, but originally he decided to go back to visit his ailing father, Don Vicente. He planned to stay for weeks even for a month but then he suddenly changed his mind when he realized that the place had already changed a lot, his brother is not there and more over his mother and grandfather has gone believing that his father and all the rich people should give up their wealth to the poor. He couldnt take it. And, also there was the Hukbalahap which is against the Japanese and the elites he couldnt take it anymore. Before leaving first thing in the morning the next day he heard his father shout in surprise and when he ran to look after him he saw the window glass of his fathers room was broken and a stone wrapped in paper was on the floor, when his father picked it up and then read the message it says that he should give all he has to those who deserves it better--- the poor. Luis, stunned by what he saw was also wondering who did it. He kept thinking but only one suspect is fitted with the situation. Its his brother Victor who is very best at using slingsling was the best thing to use to throw a stone trough the mansions security. After that, Luis fled off

back to manila and then there was a time that Victor came to him and asks for his supportjust the same as to the message his father got, back to Sipnget. Thus, the brothers had different personalities, beliefs, views and status in life. They met again as both friends and foes. These are their misunderstandings as brothers. Luis considers himself liberal. He is against the goals of his brother which is to put down his status as a wealthy landowner for the benefit of the poor. Climax- He returned to Rosales. He came home together with Trining, his female cousin, who studies in the convent. In order for the Asperris to preserve their wealth, Luis married Trining. After sometime, she got pregnant. But in manila, Luis also had an affair with his manager's daughter - Ester - which is also Trining's best friend. But because they quarreled one night, Ester disappeared and was found out to be dead. He then found out from his mother that his half-brother Victor became the commander of Hukbalahap (hukbong bayan laban sa mga hapon) which is against rich people and feudal landowners. Resolution/Ending- At the end of the story, Vic warned them about the Huks. He told him to leave the place. But they didnt listen. Trining got shot and died. Luis then revenged and fought for his status and for the death of his wife. II. Setting: Sipnget, Rosales, Pangasinan a place where Luis and Victor lived with their mother and grandfather. -Manila- a place where Luis works as a writer and an editor of a left-wing magazine. III. Characterization

CHARACTER Type

REVEAL ABOUT THE CHARACTER Actions and What Others Say Dialogue
I am sorry, Trining, he stood and hugged her. Remorseful ,and incredulous

Round Luis

Trining

Flat

How did you get here? he spoke hoarsely, startled. I was not thinking of myself but of you. Everyone else knows you are all the remains, and if you werent here, what would people think? she said, crying.

Loving, faithful, concerned, and selfless wife

Victor

Round

Therefore, I must be useful and I will be useful not only to myself but also to thousands like me, who may never get the opportunities you have! he said angrily.

Brave, angry, courageous

V. Themes "My Brother, My Executioner" emphasizes the interesting personalities of the two half-brothers-Luis (a famous magazine writer) and Vic (an activist) regarding their different perceptions in life; their contrasting ideologies of justice and dishonesty that revolve around their community and the people they love. VI. Why did I like the story? I liked the story because it tackles about politics, family, equality, love, poverty, and more that we may be able to learn or gain information from it. The story is realistic based on the things that are around them on that time. This novel has molded my political views in our country that gained me knowledge to understand deeply and wider the role of the youth in this current society. VII. Insights/Lessons Fight for what you believe in and be ready to face all the challenges that may come along the way. VIII. Vocabulary Development Hirsute Adj. /hirsut/ -hairy -My dog has hirsute body. Reverberating v. /re-ver-ber-ate/ -echoes through a place -The sound of the tank guns is still reverberating through the little town. Scraggly Adj. /iskraegli/ -hair or plants that are thin and untidy -The man had a scraggly mustache.

Sybaritic Adj. /sibaeritik/ -someone spends a lot of time relaxing in a luxurious way - Don Vicente has a sybaritic way of life. Disquieted n. /diskwaieted/ -a feeling of worry or anxiety -This information disquieted him. Lassitude n. /laesitju^d/ -a state of tiredness, laziness, or lack of interest -The symptoms of anemia include general fatigue and lassitude. Lethargy n. /letherdzi/ -a drowsy state -Symptoms include tiredness, paleness, and lethargy. Vie v. /via/ -people are competing for something -The two are vying for the support of New York voters. Piqued Adj. /pi^kt/ -offended, annoyed, often by something not very important -She wrinkled her nose, piqued by his total lack of enthusiasm. Gregarious Adj. /grigeeries/ -enjoys being with other people -She is such a gregarious and outgoing person.

IX. Authors Biography F. Sionil Jos or in full Francisco Sionil Jos (born December 3, 1924) is one of the most widelyread Filipino writers in the English language. His novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society. Jos's works - written in English - have been translated into 22 languages, including Korean, Indonesian, Russian,

Latvaian, Ukrainian, Dutch.

Childhood Jos was born in Rosales, Pangasinan, the setting of many of his stories. He spent his childhood in Barrio Cabugawan, Rosales, where he first began to write. Jose was of Ilocano descent whose family had migrated to Pangasinan before his birth. Fleeing poverty, his forefathers traveled from Ilocos towards Cagayan Valley through the Santa Fe Trail. Like many migrant families, they brought their lifetime possessions with them, including uprooted molave posts of their old houses and their alsong, a stone mortar for pounding rice. Life as a writer Jos attended the University of Santo Tomas after World War II, but dropped out and plunged into writing and journalism in Manila. In subsequent years, he edited various literary and journalistic publications, started a publishing house, and founded the Philippine branch of PEN, an international organization for writers. Jos received numerous awards for his work. The Pretenders is his most popular novel, which is the story of one man's alienation from his poor background and the decadence of his wife's wealthy family. Throughout his career, Jos's writings espouse social justice and change to better the lives of average Filipino families. He is one of the most critically acclaimed Filipino authors internationally, although much underrated in his own country because of his authentic Filipino English and his anti-elite views. Sionil Jos also owns Solidaridad Bookshop, which is on Padre Faura Street in Ermita, Manila. The bookshop offers mostly hard-to-find books and Filipiniana reading materials. It is said to be one of the favorite haunts of many local writers. Works Rosales Saga novels A five-novel series that spans three centuries of Philippine history, widely read around the world and translated into 22 languages * Po-on (Dusk) (English, 1984) * The Pretenders (1962) * My Brother, My Executioner (1973) * Mass (December 31, 1974) * Tree (1978) Original novels containing the Rosales Saga * Dusk (Po-on) (1993)

* Don Vicente (1980) - Tree and My Brother, My Executioner combined in one book * The Samsons Other novels

* Gagamba (The Spider Man) (1991) * Viajero (1993) * Sin (1994) * Ben Singkol (2001) * Ermita * Vibora! (2007) * Sherds (2008) Short story collection * The God Stealer and Other Short Stories (2001) * Puppy Love and Other Short Stories (March 15, 1998) * Olvidon and Other Stories (1988) * Platinum: Ten Filipino Stories (1983) (now out of print, its stories are added to the new version of Olvidon and Other Stories) * Waywaya: Eleven Filipino Short Stories (1980) * Asian PEN Anthology (as editor) (1966) * Short Story International (SSI): Tales by the World's Great Contemporary Writers (Unabridged, Volume 13, Number 75) (co-author, 1989) Children's books The Molave and The Orchid (November 2004)

Verses * Questions (1988) Essays and non-fiction * In Search of the Word (De La Salle University Press, March 15, 1998) * We Filipinos: Our Moral Malaise, Our Heroic Heritage * Soba, Senbei and Shibuya: A Memoir of Post-War Japan * Heroes in the Attic, Termites in the Sala: Why We are Poor (2005) * This I Believe: Gleanings from a Life in Literature (2006) * Literature and Liberation (co-author) (1988) In translation

* Po-on (Tagalog language, De La Salle University Press, 1998) * Anochecer (Littera) (Spanish language, Maeva, October 2003) In anthologies * Tong (a short story from Brown River, White Ocean: An Anthology of Twentieth-Century Philippine Literature in English by Luis Francia, Rutgers University Press, August 1993 In film documentaries * Francisco Sionil Jos - A Filipino Odyssey by Art Makosinski, 1996 Awards * Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Awards for Journalism, Literature and Creative Communication Arts (1980) * National Artist Award for Literature (2001)[8] * Pablo Neruda Centennial Award (2004) * Palanca Awards