Members: Lo, Charles Cedy Loyola, Grethel Manga, Marjuleane Manuel, Regin Adrian Mapalo, Redd Martin, Danica

Date Performed: January 3, 2013 Date Submitted: January 10, 2013 Group No.: 5

Experiment No. 3 SPECIFIC GRAVITY OF LIQUIDS AND SOLIDS

Abstract In this experiment, 95% ethyl alcohol was used as a liquid sample. Its specific gravity was measured through the use of measuring insrtruments namely: Baume hydrometer, Mohr-Westpal Balance and Leach Pycnometer. Baume hydrometer is a pair of hydrometer which measures density of various liquids. The Mohr-Westpal Balance was used to measure the specific gravity. The measured specific gravity was accounted in the buoyant force of the liquid relative to water. A pycnometer was used to measure accurate specific gravity of liquid and solid. It is a flask with a stopper that has a capillary tube through it, which allows a bubble to escape. In measuring the specific gravity of solid, copper sulfate was used as a solid sample and 95% ethyl alcohol as the standard liquid. Pycnometer was used to measure the relative density of the sample. Density of given samples were calculated by getting the quotient of the mass and volume of a substance the density of liquids heavier than water and the other, liquids lighter than water. Specific gravity was computed by dividing two densities with the density of the standard substance as the denominator.

Questions to be answered: 1. Differentiate specific gravity and density. Density is the measure of the amount of mass per unit volume while specific gravity is the measure of density relative to the density of another reference substance. Hence, specific gravity is the ratio of two densities. 2. If 54.96 mL of oil weighs 52.78 grams, what is its specific gravity? mass oil specific gravity= oil = volume oil water mass water volume water = 52.78 g 54.96 mL 1g 1mL 0.9603

specific gravity =

3. A pycnometer weighs 50.00 g. When filled with water, it weighs 100.00 g. When filled with oil, it weighs 94.00 g. Determine the specific gravity of the oil. mass water = mass pycnometer + water mass pycnometer mass water =100.00 g-50.00 g mass water= 50.00 g mass oil= mass pycnometer + oil mass pycnnometer mass oil= 94.00 g 50.00 g mass oil= 44.00 g specific gravity= mass oil mass water = 44.00 g 50.00 g Specific gravity= 0.8800

4. An insoluble powder weighs 12.00 g. A pycnometer, weighing 21 .00 g. when empty, weighs 121.00 g. when filled with water . When the powder is introduced into the emptied pycnomegter, and the pycnometer is filled with water, the three together weighs 130.00 g.What is the specific gravity of the powder? Specific gravity= mass pycnometer + powder mass pycnometer (mass pycnometer+ liquid mass pycnometer) (mass pycnometer+powder+liquid- mass pycnometer+powder) Specific gravity= 33.00 g- 21.00 g (121.00 g-21.00g) (130.00g-33.00g) = 12.00 g 3.00 g = 4.00