Works Cited Primary Sources "14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution." Library of Congress. Library of Congress, n.d. Web.

25 Nov. 2012. <http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/14thamendment.html>. This website provided us with primary information about the 14th amendment. "Attorneys for Brown v. Board of Education." Library of Congress. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2013. <http://myloc.gov/Exhibitions/naacp/civilrightsera/ExhibitObjects/AttorneysforBrownvB oard.aspx>. On the website it had a picture of the main attorneys for Brown v. Board of Education shaking hands on the steps to the supreme court after the conclusion to the trial. "Brown Et Al. V. Board of Education of Topeka Et Al." National Archives. U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/brown-v-board/bios.html>. This website had information on many of the plaintiffs, defendants, and justices. It also provided us with a lot of information about Linda Brown and her father. "Brown V. Board: At 50." Library of Congress. Lib of Congress, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/brown-segregation.html>. This gave us information about the blacks and how they had reacted. Bubley, Georgia Esther. "A Sign at the Greyhound Bus Station." Library of Congress. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. <http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/today/may18.html>. We used this image to help portray the message that was presented by the Supreme Court Case, Plessy v. Ferguson

"Challenging School Segrdegation." Determining the Facts. ParkNet National Park Service, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.nps.gov/nr/twhp/wwwlps/lessons/121brown/121facts2.htm>. This website gave us information on the segregation in Topeka, Kansas and what people did during Plessy V. Ferguson. Earl Warren Papers, Manuscript Division. "Earl Warren's Reading Copy of the Brown Opinion." Library of Congress. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://myloc.gov/Exhibitions/naacp/civilrightsera/ExhibitObjects/EarlWarrensReadingC opy.aspx>. This primary source displays the Brown Decision and it shows Chief Justice Earl Warren's footnotes and what her read from. "Felix Frankfurter." Expanding Civil Rights. Education Broadcasting Corporation, 2007. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/robes_frankfurter.html>. This provided us with a picture of Felix Frankfurter. "Fred Vinson, 1946-1953." The Supreme Court Historical Society. Lexis Nexis, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/chief-justices/fredvinson-1946-1953/>. This website gave us an image on Chief Justice Fred Vinson. "Hugo Black." Expanding Civil Rights. Education Broadcasting, 2007. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/robes_black.html>. This provided us with a picture of Hugo Black. "James Madison Nabrit, Jr." Howard University School of Law. Howard University School of Law, 2006. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.law.howard.edu/1113>. This was a picture of James M. Nabrit who was one of the Plaintiffs in the Brown v. Board of Education case.

Jean Van Delinder. "Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka." Archives.gov. The National Archives, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2004/spring/brown-v-board-2.html>. This picture was taken of The Topeka State Journal. In this journal article it say that segregation must be outlawed. It talks about how the Supreme Court diapered with the Plessy v. Furguson idea of "separate but equal". New York World-Telegram and Sun Collection. Attorneys for Brown v. Board of Education. Library of Congress. The Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://myloc.gov/Exhibitions/naacp/civilrightsera/ExhibitObjects/AttorneysforBrownvB oard.aspx>. This picture shows the three lawyers George E.C. Hayes, Thurgood Marshall and James M. Nabrit congratulating each other on the Brown decision on May 17 1954. O'Halloran, Thomas J. "News and World Report." Library of Congress. LC, n.d. Web. 30 Nov. 2012. <http://blogs.loc.gov/picturethis/2012/05/brown-v-board-of-education-getting-thepicture-one-year-later/>. This picture shows what life is like now and how Brown v. Board of Education made a difference. There is a mix of African Americans and Whites in schools which portrays the impact Brown v. Board had on the United States. "Robert H. Jackson." Michaelariens.com. Michael Ariens, 2005. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.michaelariens.com/>. This website provided us an image of Robert H. Jackson one of the justices in Brown v. Board of Education. Rosenbloom, Tom. Telephone interview. 25 Jan. 2013. We interviewed Tom Rosenbloom. He is a historian at the National Museum. He had gave us his opinions on Brown v. Board of Education and how he thought it was a drastic turning point.

Stukes, Will. Telephone interview. 27 Dec. 2013. Will Stukes was one of the sons of a Plaintiff and had spoke about his experience during Brown v. Board of Education and why he thought it was such a huge turning point. Thurgood Marshall, head-and-shoulders portrait, facing fron. America's Story. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2013. <http://www.americaslibrary.gov/assets/aa/marshallthrgd/aa_marshallthrgd_subj_m.jpg& imgrefurl=http://www.americaslibrary.gov/aa/marshallthrgd/aa_marshallthrgd_subj.html &usg=__cxidSFgeZ03fePsufz9lfkI0sU=&h=200&w=200&sz=13&hl=en&start=4&zoom=1&tbnid=uFjzB3RBQRN_DM:&tb nh=104&tbnw=104&ei=otjwUJ6kHufG0QHgYHIDg&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dthurgood%2Bmarshall%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26 gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&itbs=1>. This image portrayed Thurgood Marshall, as he began to get involved in the NAACP> "U.S. Supreme Court Justices of the 1953 Session." nps.gov. nps.gov, n.d. Web. 28 Dec. 2012. <http://www.nps.gov/brvb/historyculture/justices.htm>. This image displayed the Justices that presided of The Brown v. Board of Education case while it was in The Supreme Court. "With an Even Hand: Brown v. Board at Fifty." Library of Congress. Library of Congress, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.loc.gov/exhibits/brown/brown-brown.html>. This website provided us with many primary sources and information about the plaintiffs argument.

Secondary Sources

The African American Library, and Barbara A. Somervill. Brown v Board of Education: The Battle for Equal Education. Chanhassan: The Child's World, 2005. Print. This book had a general overview of the events of Brown v. Board of Education. It told the story of the case through many pictures. Ariens, Michael. "Supreme Court Justices, Robert H. Jackson." Michaelariens.com. Michael Ariens, 2005. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://www.michaelariens.com/ConLaw/justices/jacksonr.htm>. This website provided us with information about one of the Supreme Court Justices during Brown v. Board of Education. It taught us about Robert H. Jackson and his road to becoming a Justice. We learned about his opinions and how he succeeded in his life. Berg, Annen. "Brown v. Board of Education timeline." Annen Berg Classroom. Annen Berg, n.d. Web. 25 Nov. 2012. <http://www.annenbergclassroom.org/Files/Documents/Timelines/BrownTimeline.pdf>. This website had information that we used to make our timeline. We also obtained many pictures from this website. "Earl Warren." Expanding Civil Rights. Educational Broadcasting, 2007. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/robes_warren.html>. This provide us with a picture of Earl Warren. Expanding Civil Rights. Educational Broadcasting, 2007. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/>. This website provided us with biographies on Hugo Black, Thurgood Marshall, Felix Frankfurter, William Douglas, and Earl Warren.

Fireside, Harvey, and Sarah Betsy Fuller. Brown v. Board of Education: Equal Schooling for All. Hillside: Enslow Publishers, 1994. Print. The authors provide an overview of the events of this case, along with a discussion provided both facts and their opinions. Fox, John. "Hugo La Fayette Black." The Supreme Court. pbs, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/robes_black.html>. This website provided us with a complete biography of Justice Hugo Black. It included unexpected details about his involvement in the Ku Klux Klan and his education. "Fred M. Vinson." The Supreme Court Historical Society. Nexis Lexis, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/chief-justices/fred-vinson1946-1953/>. This gave us information on Chief Justice Fred Vinson and his biography. It had also showed the impact of what happened after he had died. Gold, Susan Dudley. Brown v. Board of Education: Separate But Equal? New York: Benchmark Books, 2005. Print. This book explained that major events that took place during Brown v. Board of Education. It had many pictures that helped us visualize what happened. "Interesting Facts about Brown V. Board of Eduction." Columbia Law School. Columbia Law School, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.law.columbia.edu/focusareas/brownvboard/bvbfacts>. This provided information about Thurgood Marshall, the case before and after, Linda Brown, the defense, Jack Greenberg, and Neutral Principles. "James M. Nabrit, Jr. Biography." Howard University School of Law. Howard University School of Law, 2006. Web. 22 Jan. 2013. <http://www.law.howard.edu/1113>. This website had gave us information on James M. Nabrit. It provided us with many facts about his life and how he had gotten involved with the NAACP and the Brown v. Board of Eduction

trial. He was one of the Plaintiffs involved in this case.This website was very helpful within our research and was used several times to provide us with interesting information. Kluger, Richard. Simple Justice. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1976. Print. This book had the history of Brown v. Board of Education in specific details. Kosof, Anna. The Civil Rights Movement and its Legacy. New York: Franklin Watts, 1989. Print. This book provided us with information about Brown v. Board of Education legacy. It went into detail about how Brown v. Board of Education started the many reform movements that took place during the civil rights era. Linder, Douglas O. "The Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka: An Account." Famous Trials of Brown V. Board of Education. U of Missouri Kansas City School of Law, 2012. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://law2.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/brownvboard/brownaccount.html>. This website provided us with information about the trial in Topeka, Kansas. It spoke about the segregation and how the city felt as well. It had also taught us about the NAACP and how they had gotten involved. This website had also provided us with many pictured that we had used to help us in our website. Mcnesse, Tim. The Civil Rights Movement. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 2008. Print. This book summarized the entire Civil Rights Movement. It begun with the initial racism and and segregation. It then described the different movements that took place and then how the movements lead to integration.

Minow, Martha. In Brown's Wake: Legacies of Americans Landmark. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010. Print. This book discussed the events that occurred after Brown and the legacy Brown left. Patterson, James T. Brown v. Board of Education: A Civil Rights Milestone and its Troubled Legacy. Ed. David Hacken Fischer and James M. McPherson. New York: Oxford University Press, 2001. Print. This book provides information about Brown v. Board of Education and its legacy, along with an interpretation from the authors. Reger, Marianne. "Meet the NJCs Founder: U.S. Supreme Court Justice Tom C. Clark." 50th Anniversary News. N.p., n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.judges.org/50th/news/news091212.html>. This website provided us with information about the Justice Tom Clark Separate Is Not Equal. Smithsonian National Museum of American History, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/5-decision/challengers.html>. This website provided us with a lot of information about the Legal campaign and Decision. it taught us about Thurgood Marshall, Plessy V. Ferguson, Robert Carter, Spottswood W. Robinson III, Louis L. Redding, Jack Greenberg, George E.C. Hayes, James Nabrit Jr. and their biographies which led to how they got involved with Brown v. Board of Education. Some other things it had helped us with was the defenders, John Davis, James Lindsay Almond Jr., Paul E. Wilson, H. Albert Young, and Milton Korman. It provided information on the Integrationists' arguments and segregationists' arguments. It showed us the Court's Decision and provided information on how Brown won. It described the quote "With All Deliberate Speed" and had many cartoons. It gave information about the picketers,the freedom struggle, equality for all, the five trials

(Clarendon Country, SC, Topeka, Kansas, Farmville, Virginia, and New Castle Country, DE.) Significant Cases. U. of Michigan, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.lib.umich.edu/brownversus-board-education/cases.html>. This website gave us a lot of information about many different court cases during the era of Brown V. Board. Mainly Plessy v. Ferguson. The Society Court Historical Society. "Fred M. Vinson 1946-1953." The Society Court Historical Societ. The Society Court Historical Society, n.d. Web. 4 Jan. 2013. <http://www.supremecourthistory.org/history-of-the-court/chief-justices/fred-vinson1946-1953/>. This website provided us with specific information about Chief Justice Fred M. Vision. the information it provided was his date of birth, place of birth, where he went to school, and his job positions. We used this information on our Justices page under Chief Justice Fred Vinson. "Stanley Reed." Stanley Reed. U.S. Supreme Court Media, n.d. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.oyez.org/justices/stanley_reed>. This provided us with information about Stanley Reed. Stevenson, Janet. The School Segregation Cases. New York: Franklin Watts, 1973. Print. This book went into detail about the 5 initial cases and how then eventually were put together and taken to the supreme court. Telgen, Diane. Brown v. Board of Education. Detroit: Omnigraphics, 2005. Print. This book had a full overview of the Brown v. Board of Education case. It started with slavery and ended with Brown's legacy. It also provided us with biographies of the major players in Brown v. Board of Education. It also included many primary sources that we used on our website.

"Tom Campbell Clark Biography." Your Dictionary Biography. Gale Group, 2012. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://biography.yourdictionary.com/tom-campbell-clark>. This website provided us with information about Tom Clark one of the justices during Brown v. Board of Education. What If Chief Justice Vinson Had Not Died of a Heart Attack in 1953? Indiana University School of Law, n.d. Web. 24 Jan. 2013. <http://indylaw.indiana.edu/ilr/pdf/vol45p131.pdf>. This website helped us determine what could of happened if Chief Justice Vinson had not died. Would Brown v. Board ever had passed? This made us think about if our lives and schools would have been different. Things could have gone either way because Vinson was against Brown v. Board of education. "Who Was Sherman Minton?" Indiana University Bloomington. Maurer School of Law, 2012. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://law.indiana.edu/students/competitions/mootcourt/minton.shtml>. This website provided us with information about Sherman Minton one of the Justices. "William O. Douglas." Expanding Civil Rights. Educational Broadcasting, 2007. Web. 3 Feb. 2013. <http://www.pbs.org/wnet/supremecourt/rights/robes_douglas.html>. This provided us a picture of William Douglas. Williams, Juan. "Thurgood Marshall And 'Brown V. Board Of Ed..'" NPR. NPR, n.d. Web. 11 Jan. 2013. <http://www.npr.org/2003/12/08/1535826/thurgood-marshall-and-brown-vboard-of-ed>. This website provided us with information about Thurgood Marshall and his involvement in Brown v. Board of Education. It had specific details about Thurgood Marshall, like, his childhood, his education, and how he got involved with the NAACP.