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Vitiyal Pathippagam, Second Edition

June, 2004 T.Y.2035

First Edition, 2001, T.Y.2032

VITIYAL PATHIPPAGAM, 11, Periyar Nagar
Masakkalipalayam (North), Coimbatore - 641 015
Phone

: 0422-2576772

E-Mail : vitiyal2000 @ eth.net

TALUMPUKAL

KAYANKALAKI,

Bama

Collection of Karukku and Cankati

Front Cover Painting : Erin Ng
Printed By : Mani offset, Chennai - 5.
Price : Rs.100
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P Nv Nk N@qP P_@ Sg
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igvL. Y P_@V [ V@V
N Nk s@ u[ NP N@}rv fi
@ N@ P N@V _@ zL. P
q@ fi NNk zgq z
NgLL. S N N NP. L
SL P N@}, @t, N@^
_L Sfi@.

22 * P[@ @_@Vr

Sq
Xv

NYrGP L_rV
@ @vP SY. L SgL L
, }, T, zLgfi@.
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rq q ziqfiP. P}
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z .
NPfis@V, @v@V, N@fi vG
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q z fl fifl . P
v@V dYLv N@ fi Pz
@g Sfi.
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V z NzVq @qG , V G_@
T T r ^, zL un@gqi
zkv@V L zP^, NqL,
N@vqL, P @t, _@ NP_G N
fl, @t L NG N_@t, @i
Nrv zfiG @fizq@v, v@v,
fl@v Sg Pgv @v@, JP@
zq @ i@qG NPfiNzV, NV
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N q, @z_@. SPv, NPfi,
Nv, idY, dY TP@
Sg _LV Sfi. Sz@V gg
zfi, . L @g P Sfi
rvP Sfi.
23 *

Sz@ SYLv, fi SfirG N@Vg

@v@, _@ lr lr @g , P
@v@^ L @rq, @B @`
z, _v rv c_@ @v@v
NzqG, _L aG zP, g Sfi
@ u^G zP Sg Sz@Vk
> qg @ uv @ N@g qfi_@.
SLk P@L , Nzg,
@fi, >N@_, L_N@_, , i>, N_,
L, N@Vg, Ng Sg Sz@^_
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v, zv, figzv, u^Pzv, s _
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Sg S YP rv V
P _@ NPfi & P GV _ @
Nk. NPfi NL @fi @Vq
@irq SfiP@. @fi ifi} g
q @ rq SfiPfi. _@^@ z
Nkrq SfiP@. NLY q@ sq sv
z@t irq Sfi. z@ i_@
Sfi@ q@^ zq qfiP@. _LV
NP a z@q SfiP.
a N@g @ Sfi _@NPfig
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L g Nrq z. bzVs N ^
@ fi NvV zv z@
Sfifi , Nz ifiP PNVY
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q Nv s zv u^fi
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Pfi. @fi NvP s uV SfiP zv
q i_@fi.
SNPY q qg L.
_@} SfiP@. zvg NvP @Y @,
24 * P[@ @_@Vr

@fiP vg q lrq zP TEP

z@ Nzz }_rv NL. bzVs
N ^ g lrq NzVq z NY
q . L } g zY.
} NL@ zfi NzVqg NvP
g lrqg @. @fi P i_rG
L, GgNt@ NvP NPvvP. NPv
Xv. PL, vg qP lrq z.
SP @vgNG L g z. N
NzL Sfi. NPY z q, NG
g q i @qLg NG G NPv
_@. L zP , zvz @q
NPqgv Sfi. Ss@^
zv z_r q@ NL. q N
^ @vg z_r Sg > rg
q@, Szfi @ i_@ @z
z. g L Ss@ N Ss@? t @ zr
vL, @@ Sg P SY v@?
GiL L? q _@z ? _@^
_@PL! ^@ Sz@^ Sg q
z@V Nv. Sz@ @q@V z
Nk, V z_L zP Sfi@.
Lv _@ Nqfi SgP
@fi z@ flq SfiP_@. z_@Vv
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g fiNY P SY gq z
s. SPg , z NG Pz_@^ Pg
NgNv x x gqrq zdv
z@V NGPg P g Sfi.
P@ Pfl G v _@PLP.
@fi NV@ Pfl t gq
q JP, Pz_@^ @ T zrv
z Pfl z_r g_@. L fi i Sfi.
SNLfi SgP. N[ Tk
@fi q_@V qNP[z Nfir,
fl @i g qq L dkgL
, N@ z_rq zfiz_@. N@v
25 *

rG Lz PzdP N@vP.
N @{P Sg @fi
zvP, s_@ lgqG gv z_rq
z_@ NPkrv. fi vg
fiP. _@L z PL q
gG iP @vrv z@,
@ G v aq i
Jiq L. s_@ i iP
NPG vP. Xv. NG fi rv
SgNY Nv, _@ Sfi
NL. NL@ qG @
@ s@ SYL, g N@ ?
s@ i, i Sfi
Y. P P ?
} Nzwfi q s q
zP_@. @ J SfirG gg P@
qq zfiz_@. g fi } @@
fi. L fi @fi ^
fi. } NPs, fig ? fi
L @fi@@. } P NY
fi. vL , P L P NPfis @fi@@.
P NPfis @v P i NPk.
P vL } NPfig G
k g NYq TqTq fi.
@fi N @z. zLg . @i
SfiP SNLfi rv, S fi @? Sg q
G @@, zfi S @ _@
z @ NQvfi.
zgL rv,
L bzVs id iY NYq G @z
fi@fi. x V fi_@. P
g NYq fi@ NY _@V.
} SP @qq _@.
gv SgPL. NPfi Gg
t@L fi P g@V. } fi
Pvz @N[ q fiv PLv g
. zBdL [iL_@V. vL P
g fi g q @fi_@ NL
26 * P[@ @_@Vr

dY zG gv vL.
SP } _rv NYt vz SP
GiY NGiviL ig,
P, N@Vz SY . L Y
zPL, SP _@NY
SY rgv. L _rv g@@
@ g@. PL @fiP, @zL fi. g
NPY VL, Yfi _rv g@@
@ g@. PL @evgq rv g
NL_@. S L N ik
. PL [ NzPL . }
NL , zg PY V aL. PL
GLv aGgfi _rv rP
flrv_@.
N@v v SgP. _@
iL fi _@ z@. L Pg v
Lt vL gV@P Nkfi
NYtz@. N@v @Yzg V@
V G V@P. L N@vP v@
fi NPfirvP SP dfi_@ @zfi@_@.
@t s_@ NPfisP. dfi SfirG
_@P. Lg V@L Y _@P
NP. L s@V z z q z_z@.
N@v z _@P @.

_rV
rq
SfiP.
N@v k NPL _@ NPfig
NY@v NzVqP qgz. _@
NP@g N@vNq Bfi SfiP@. zG
V@^, N_@^ v NP NzVqP
z@.
fi ^ P V@Vv N@v
L SfiP zg N@V@V @g
qrq P zbzt i NP_G NzVq
NzVv. NG NP _@{ _@L SfiP
NPL NPL u
NPqq z NzVq. NPL PP kq
Sfi N NPs arq g
NPL L u SfiG P_@NPqg
27 *

v. Sg fiP i fiP
P_@ NPqg v un@ Sfi@, NG
L Yfi P_@g q ifirq ifirq
G_L.
P_@ NPv P_@
Nq u[ifi. NzVk P_@ v
SY. Si>@ Pflv SYP k@. Yg
V@^ P gL@. Yfi P
P_@ q_rv NYv@. P_@ _L
V qq q iv.
N@v N@v
NY gq G ig i
@; Yfi qg LG
N@v NPL P_@ ifiq
fi@! L Y @ . Nz aYt
NLfi. Yg V@^ L L
@z zL zPL Sfi.
N@vfi . g fi _@
i @YG z v vrq Sfi.
V@ L fi i q rVV
v_@. L Nz@ zPL L
NYG NP. _@ NPfis zifi fiP z,
drv NY zrv Sfi fi @P
[i z_r N@vrv q NLfi.
drv vP Nzz kNY L
N@v @ @v. vL dfi
gVPL; Nkfig Nkfig NLfi.
L [@ [@ z. [P. N
_@{ d Lg N@v @
[iqPfi. P N@q N@vrv
qPg z zPNY zkg NG L
rV @ NLfi, rVV
V@ Lg P @q > rg
Nk @ [q SfiP.
J v_rVz q @ J
RY gg P. _@ SfiP
N@vP V@V s@ flfl@V
N v. N Nz@@s
@s Sfi. PL N N@v NP
28 * P[@ @_@Vr

 SfiG rV gGP Y Sfi.

r rrv. g N z
@ NPv_rv. vY SfiP zg
V@ Y flfl, @, q, N z Sg
qrq SfiP@. s@ P i Sfi
NLrv.
vY SfiP zv vfi i V@,
g V@L @. NzzdY @v
q z. N@k v PL v z.
Sz@^ _ N@v@. S_@ z
iq P@^@ Y L NY
z. s qg q zP vL, SP
gV@V fi_@ S_@ Sfi@ Y
iq ufiVN@_ i Sfig^@. qg
q z fi zPY @}@ zifi@^@
NYt. N @v Sfi. Pz@ iP
_@^ gqg }, Pg }, SPg}
@qL. SfiPt Sg fi .
s qg @i
@fi NV@ @ifiP, vL _rv P
Jfi G, PNPfis @. NPfi NL
i zG qg fiz@. Y L
zG qg NYtz@. L z!
[P @rqz. @ i arv
v zfi PT @ _@ NPfi NV@
@ @@. Xqgqfi! Sg Pvz
vifi. z _@v NL zG i
NYt. @q@v@ NL_@. ,
Ss@^@@ zGi N NY
@z NYrvt LV N@k k z
Y.
rV g Nz NG V@ N
PP SfiP@. Y NPY _
qP. P zrq PL V@q _rv
Y rv@. } q Sfi
NL gg NLs z . L vk
NYqP @^, v@^ L @
N@P_@. _rv vrv@. L
29 *

N un@ . s NPP V@^ L

vk NYq@ NL@. k NYqP
V@^ Y z_@. L @gv P
. gg ..fi, _@ rV fi L@
N, rV z, L V@Y aYt_
@ NYtz@. ag. _@ [irq @
NYtz@. S N @ev Sfi. rvPv
Nv V@^ L, P NP_@g
qrq L Pg Pv Nki a@B.
@zP Sfi.
..Y.. @zN Y P zv
@ Lg V@ NP ^ P
qP@. N@v N z
NY @PqL@. _@ s P
arq SfiP. L Lg V@V
NP V zP NLg L L i
_@v SY. PP Sfi. N@v
V@ i Y qifi@
Yfik NY L zirv@. Lg
V SfiP @ P L... Pz@ i
_@^ @ , z fi
g LV z.
Sg S_@ g gq NP l
SfiP fi Jfi @ g @g L.
Sq l, SbzVs N @, SbzVs
V@^N@v, i i Sfi@
NLrq SfiP. L _@v i Ti
@P Nk@. i fi rV fi N
jL V@ Y aYt_@, @zN nqPg
vfi P w nq fl
Sfi NL. Nv fi, SNLfi
V aL. P V@^N@v g,
VL g. LL @z g z. vL
P drv L P w zv
zv NYq @P. _@ Lt L
t, SP i V uv fi.
SNLfi Pvz, Lv P P_@
z_L_@ qg @ uPs @v.
30 * P[@ @_@Vr

fi >, Q s^@P. SfiPt L P

t, zv rq L uvv
vBL@. L N z@vg .
_@B L zG }@g V@V q
gL@. SPgP L N Nzrg @,
fi z s@Vq uq@V, L
uv_@ @v. s@ NLiY
_@ i LP N z_GNPY
N@vvg
G_@ .
SN@Y
g
NY id @. Sz@ SbzVs
NLq X LV fi
NzPL. L zP z NY
P@Y aL. iN@fi vdY, Yfi
iP v v , @v qg
L.
Sg _@ q . } S
NLfi @ P. _@ P @iP. Lv
g, NPG S@L, iz z
flk rfiP. Lt Pad
aL. qP @NY Y Nznv Nk
. PL @, V@ Y
fi P; fi igP. Sg bNzfi
v g }z, Sg ig
ik S@rq q zP. g q
zg P. _@ fi @>i _@
v @q. SY _@ G NL.
k L @g P SLv g
zfi. _@ SfiP @>i@V @zg fi
NPt_@@P. PL _@Vg P@V@v
@^g rGiY. NGN@L, _@ zNk
k zfi vP. g N fl
SfiP. _rV V@, Y V@^
Lg. _@ @gv V@ P V@P.
N P SP @>i@Vv v q
rq P V@^ NY qiq SfiP.
g rq a NPG vk NYq
q SfiP YP Sfi.
g SfiPt Sfiifi@. L
31 *

_rqN@vP fi z. Sg SP @>
i@ rq P V@V, @V SPgq q
@V, fi @>i r, SP i @zgq
N@qgq N@vrG L_@^ uPT Nv
L q. qP Lt N[i
> Sg NLg; L rq SfiP
z zv [i qiq fi
P.
_@ k, Nz NPks@^k Sg
SfiP z uqqg @P, @>i Sfi
NGPTv
Nz
NG
NL@.
vV iTi N g@ NL@.
_@v PL. YP p fi vV
v. G L, P
uvr P L_@^@@z P
uvrq, s@^@@z zq NgL
@ P@ q, SP i VP
, s@V i L_@^@@ z
NLrq, uV v. uV L, fi
@ Sfi N }V Nk
P. L PdYP v zvP
NP NLg z. , Sfi g NL
rq SfiP. N _@v Sfi. NG L
PLgqirq SfiP.
fi ^, _@^ N>_ qrG fi vfi
Lv @ , QLL @
NGP Pi gqfi S_r
@q. SP i _@ r NPPL
N@v P fi NGP Pig qv_@
NL. . @ .
N@v@dY. N@v d z_@
_@ Pd@_@ Sg i Pi qr@
@. Sq V iP v NY V
P adsv Nk@. Sg L Pd@@v SP
Y Gi PL PB.
SPs J _@i NPY.
P Sg z^ u^ NL. NG
NzV@, _@ JgN@v, Sg d
32 * P[@ @_@Vr

 S @evdY. _@V, q z @
N@v qrq z@. L Sg
Pi i i N@vk zdY
NzVrL. g NG N
NYG NYt. P S> Sz v N@L
zv.
NGP @g@g k, P
Pd@_@ PP i i. g @_@
N. Pd@. Pd@ Gi z.
SfiPt NPv SfiP. v G
_v N>_ V@^ bNzfiPfi
L i NPk@ N@V . @^
V igig z^@. fi fi V z
_rv L i @q. ki
NL v_. L NG.
P . L L L
Nq uqv.
N>_N@Y q v G N@k
Sfi. _@ SfiP vfi fi rV,
@V Lg V@V v @v@,
s@^ P>v _@ SfiL. L
lrzg q. Lv S @v z
Sg NYt LV NzLg .
_ @qz s@rv SPi
fi Lg V, _@ LgV@V
@V @v. s@ vL, zG P
L v gv@V @v@.
S L fi v N@v z
rq Sfi@, s@ P
NL@ NL. g s@ @qfi@@V.
PL dY. S_@ Sfi@ NL_@.
L g P v Gk SYg v
v Sfi. SP i SYP v
SY Nq N@vP. P SP
rq SNLfi v z P.
P vP, N@vP P
Lg . SPV gP @P
G g Sfi. vV izL
33 *

SY SY. qP qg _rfiP NzPg

krv.
N N }@ qg V@ rG
PgN@v, N@vP @[T
P }, @ @[z SP i z@Vg
_@ i ^@P rq SfiP@. vV
gg i L_@Vg i @z rv@.
i L_@V E_@V NLvg v@.
fi i vP s@^ NP.
LV _@ g zfi. L s@ L
@vNG, fi i@P q
NY P SY . zz zPPv
[_rrq NY LV zPgq
rq N@vifi@.
s@ xg, iL N Ls@ .
[@, P, v s SYPs@.
s@V Pz . Ss@^ PT NG Y
@^ NGi. Sg NLLz z
zNPY z@. S v @
@qq NzNrq N@vP. fi
P NL Ss@ L g zz@
NLg @ q@Nq. P_
N@g Ng virq SfiP.
Pd@Lv kNk @ @P
Y NPG NkL, N@k igP
SfiP. L _@ SfiP vL PL z
P ^@ NGP, s@V @LL
iqGP, s@V L@v cLPL vPGP
P zNP Sfi. SP ^@^ SP
v @^, Ss@rv dk N@vP q,
zfi, rq, zL _@v V
v k, q_r, q_r, L P Y
P B V NPq zPg
zPL Sfi. Ss@rvg
Sg g @, _@ z [_@g
q VP z_rqg@ zPL
NL, _@ L SL S_@; V _@
Gs@, NYg q fi, _@Y Sz@rv
34 * P[@ @_@Vr

N@v z Pgv NYtz@. skP

PB.
SP P i NGv,
z @zgq, {kP N@ zP
Sfi. NPgNG_v i Ti GiY.
_qg Pt, L z Nkt, L g
t, qN@Y SP iNz Vg
v g v. SL , tg
Yg zV L z{ SY _rg
{_rg Sfi@zP Sfi.
SL PNqP z@P N@v N@i
Sfi.
i NGv bNzfi ad
NP}P z z Sfi. SL i NPk
vL N@P ^ Nzg V G@.
gg@ LV q z NY
! zv @z zfi. @z s@V
L N ! @zP [_rrq, @zgq
rv z zP Sfi.
P NzP i@@ L@; _@
Pv? s@rv }dfi. _@rv
SY. _rv }dfiP s@^ _@
zv L? @gL Y
s@Vg, s@VTvs, aLt, SP
iL @z, zPL qP @z
Sfi.
JP z@V v @
fizfigg vG Vs L _@ _@
L? L NfiTi@Lg GY
V G@. _qg Lt SP. zP.
S fi Ts @ zP? z, @Pz
Ti SY. YgN @^ iNzq
P @. S L, @vs^@@ z Ng
G NYrqg G @>ifi, d
fi@v, i Ti @Pk NG@. P SP
i NGPv NL @vgqfi@.
P@L gNGT@ SY? Ss@^ g
i SY? L P SY? Ss@^
35 *

N@L s, , P s SY?
N@Gk L@? P L cLdYP @
NL vTPL vG@. SPg krq,
N@k }V LPL z P@ z
NLv L v@ zvP v
L Y irG@? @@ v
Gz@ v P; zz v
iz BG@.
Sgg @V z
_@ NYNY, P@V, _@L
s@, LP SYPs@, XvP@Ps@ ,
P_@V@z _rrG N Vv@, SP
Ng N a. SPP NGrG gV
@^k NY q zVG@. SL L
L P@^ NzL, TqP
N@v@ z{ SY .
G_rq N@vG bNzfiPfi @}
[g @. SP Ti NYrq
PLP, aP, }s N@v Nj_@V
g @, SP N P flk a@.
i z YPLk NG YP Nrg
q, L Pz PPz
Nk@v. V r N@_ @vz >
V uvv. P z@V z@z
v z Yk P PP i
@v.

36 * P[@ @_@Vr


Lg iLfi z. _@s Nvg
V@ NG, g L Y NLs Sfi.
fi P P_@ zP _@^
PPLt, Ns@ L@ @vgq
rv@. zV N _@v Sfi.
NPY Lg zY. P vP
_@ i ^@^ @ P@
zrv Sfi. N_@ N N
v_@Y zfi.
rPz@ N}Pg NPG @YG g
N@vg @ Sfi. _@ P L_@V
q NPg. Pi rPz@^ P> @YG.
vq P Sfi. _@ @YG
NPd NYP Nq i
v@q Nk. @YG v rv q z_
rv, N@v NzVq PL, Pv
rg v g Nt@Vv iv. L
NPvP v zrv Sfi.
_@NPfi ^@Vv Sfi, g
Nt@rv q i, Nzz N@vP.
@g vv rfiz@V. q
P s@^ SfiG P, g. L _@
irv SfiGPTv PvNPs, }NY
NG z@rv SfiP , P zrqP
SP i irG@V. P i@g Nt@ _@
^@Vv PP NP NPfik uvg
v qrvP SfiP@.
z{ N@vg G V
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v@. vq@, @q@@^@ gg
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V@ P _qg @ zv,
37 *

V@ g Sqg fi PPv @,
zB NYv@. Sq NYfi fi
^ _@ zv NPfi S[z fiL
^_@ ig v@ J Prq _rq,
S_rq Y qL@. g gq
@v.
N@v Sfi gP q
zifiP. NPfis Yfi qGP, NV@
P qq [GP @ L i i
. Nzz . _@s
_@V Nz @ vv_@. z
rv arq L @ , _@
Nz L Nzz NPfikrq zP@.
z S[z fi P ^, zL
gN@ i v@V.
fi NPv c@ z L G
@ NPVrq zfi@.
PL P. _@L kfi P
N|. Y @ P fl
a q z JfiV NYfi.
SYL SfiP N@G ufi _LV fi.
vL zN@ Pi lrqg
G@V. N Ng. Sg NPfi
@q i rv@.
NPfis SfiP V@^ @zL SL
q SY. SNz i ^. Sz@ P
t@V ivL @z Sfi. , _@
v. GgNt@ _@ gq NP
i N@v g N z
Pv NYq NzP gLfi
@.
z @q@PL dfiP, fi z
v qY P. Nv @v@,
LzLgq ifi@^@.
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V Lg z@Vg g i
N@v ufiT v, gP z@ g
v_.
38 * P[@ @_@Vr

Sg PzN@T NYrq Sfi@

ii ^@ @i@^, @@^, lrrq
@YGg @ qL@. V NV PLfi
qL@. s@ L Lk @ [rv
qL@. s@Vv NPfi @^ N@rv q@.
NPfiz @L NzN@v. v
z Nq zL N@z_@ q @
N@vP@.
@YG Pv v@q g.
@ Nq@g NY@@}@ @^g
L ^krq @Yt_ @ k@V.
_@ ^@ Lg @g @, ifig @v
v g N@vV @Pz
irv@V.
_@P, @ rfiP N}kfig
N}k
P @v qG Nz_@g Nt@.
Sz@^N@Y SP _rPL. PTg
N@.
Sg S NG N@v N@v zP@V
NY zkrv NPfisV
vv zfi.
N@kV Nq @ i
Sfi. NG fi^ i ^
_@NPfi ^@ qgv@ v z. vL
^@ v _@ ^@
@ [i qv@. Nk NP Yk
vL fl @ v@V.
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P s Lg P_rV v qP
vg @gL. s@ @
SfiGPg q N NzLgv_@. _@
rv NY Sg Y rG V @ z
@ zfi@ P v_@. _@s
}dY v NY, P v L @v
qg, _@ @ N@vP vP
z_rrq N@k }q fi @f g
z_@. gz G zr,
73 *

N@qL flv @ _@ SfiP

vY P_rrv.
fiz Sg zv, v, Pzflg
qrqg L. rV V@ >
P fi TLPg flg G i P@. N
V@ _rv, _rv fi NflP SfiP?
zG flfl SY @v_@. LL
N @zg . _@ N@qrq zfiz_
@ NYq vY [P. _@g
vV Sfi P vfi @qqg
@N XY. s@ rv } z_r@;
s@rv @ @v @P [i
v_@. ifi qg @s @. g
G LV fi S. L Y
zLP P_rrq NPv SfiP.
qP @g rq, Y u
rGPg q, @, v@ Yfi Lg
qL_@. fiz_ @{ _@ Lv fl
fl, N, q@@V qqz PP_@. NG
_rV V@^ _rv N@k g @
_@. Nvq@ PY z_@s
s@^ . @^ i z P
Vg fi_@, g NL_@.
NG flfl, @ q @zg q@
qg .
N V@ _ @ @[ dY? @Y
Nfig v SY _rv @v_@. GG
Yg V@^ NzPNzP @ q qrq
Y flfl@V N@rqP zP_@. _rv
SfiPPL qG? SfiP fi L @,
y @qG v zv. flfl@^
Ng P dY.
zfi Nq Pvz fl qg@ q.
r. SNL ifi^.
vgv s q@v@. SP Nv
zrq @. _@ @ @{gv
fl@V N@k zrv. Sg t
zfiP @viv.
z zfi @v z_@.
74 * P[@ @_@Vr

rv N@vqL_@. @v zfig V@ Yfi

q N@, zfiz_@. _rv
fiv fi Y SY. L NG
NP. firv @vL z_r N@vs
@. L _rq @s .
uvs v_@. L q g V
Sfirq @PNzg rv. L
N NL [@ [@ z. @ q
SYL gNY zLg vz Sfi
NPfikrv.
Lv q fii @fi V. _rv
q [i fi q N@qzNY Sfi@
Y L. g q L q NzVz N
? q firv SY_rG Nz z^
NP. q@NYs . P
G z V k N@vP.
.. @gL v gP. V
Tvs PL L_@ S_ q SfiGPg
q N v Pz L Pi
rq SfiP.
.. q zg L NG N
NV SfiP. @NG V
z_rq zi, NPi k YP
Sfi. NL v q N@@ k.
NL v @ k. NLP z_rg
NGri_@ k. N@k @ qk N k.
@ N@k @ SfiP i@ P, fi
N@Vz N@v krv. z
NL, } PV z . SgP
q SfirG Yfi g N SfirG@
NPfikrv.
_@ L_@ J g@ @vgq t
@q @ Sfi@ v_. v
Pk GP d. NPL [ @k
qrq, Nq @P fl@V N@rq,
Y v, N SY SP }@_
@^@ qrq Sfi_@. SP NNY
s@^ _L N@v? _v L N@k
z zv Y Sfi@ NPk
75 *

rv. L g s@ g@? s@ zgv

Nfiv Sfi@.
Sg NLrq SfiGg vPL v
V @>i Vg @vgqG
V@^@@g qv gqrq
fi v P. Sg fi i NG SbzVs
@evgqG V@V N@qz
LV fi . ggv V@^g
q@ . L Pv Sg @vg
qG V@V @N}q @ N N }
@g V@^P z@ flrq SfirG
NzP uV NPfikrv. vV
z zqG L_@L fi is, q SfiG
s@V SNLfi isP v_@.
v G L _@ z
zz zPgq qG_@. Lt
P g qG. vV zL L
NP. fl . NzkPL? z@ z@
gq. @, p, v NzPN@fi gq.
gv @@, S @@
Sfi. SfiG ziL . V @vt,
@P, , n@, Pfl zi Y Sfi.
vrv N@v. Nq NY
qq . q, gq, _r,
@ @ zdY. fl L
@g, @, NLq flL ~v gq.
t flL , @, NG [
flL ifi ~v gq.
u^@
Y
zi
Sfi.
Nz
XzLirq, flfl @rq J J
irq Sfi@L vV Sfi@. L
v Pg NG SqPL SP
@>i@Vv z@ rg. S
_q zg G?
N@v }@ qg V@P.
Ss@ v v sfi P@LP v @>i@^
tr dr, G_@. L SNPg @ @
zNPfi zfi. L uP Sfi.
L N@v rq N@v. @v S fi
76 * P[@ @_@Vr

z@ g. N L Nzg,
vP uqq q zv.
q N g zvt N
@vP Sfi. SfiP z . @
} SY. N@v flfl bzVz N@v
. L N@kk zPLY. S YP
Tv Nz zv NG, Y g,
@}N@ @q uv NP}v.
q V rvt LN@Lz L
fi i Sfi. v z@ L
igq. v P SfiP N
kL @ rg, N@qPt fi ,
[@, Sg NPYg L. fidYP
LPgVN@}@ SfiP. @rv P}
g @ v Sfi. Sg N@vG
N NPkv N L
NL.
SL NP fi zNz sdY,
gq flfl P_@ fi @gL v
z{ z@ SY, NPfi G. P @
@V N@v @vgqG N T
rG. }qq NzY Y q
[ Pfl qg q q@V @P
@{G P@Vv z N N@k
T@. qqG @VL P@. Pv L
TG q@L SfiG i@@P.
SP SL _@ J vG.
iV g NGP @vP.
g Sfi@ GV @V Lv_@
@V@g NGvg NG N L NY
NPzv. @{ gqG L fi
zNP^q, Pfl rfl qzq, [
@t @g@ z qG@
g . S _@ Ss@ NP V@V
@z> N@vg @ NY ?
SP zV L g, NVg
V@ NzG NGr, vg rq, @g
V@V @z>rq, q z@V Nkrq
N@v@. NY@ N@k Nzz NPfik v
77 *

v rq G@. NPfis@V P, Lg
V@ flfl SY @ zrq,
> Ti SY @i
ufiq N@v NzVqq N@v_@.
L Ss@ g vN@}@ ukG i
@@Vv V@, Y i N@^q, flfl
N@rq, N@v , PT z
} }krG@. G fi i.
@ i_@G fi i zfi@@.
P Xv P@Ps@ r _@
zrq, s@V i_N@}@ z z_r s@V
LG uv Sg a r NG@V, S
L GgP NP. V Nz N
@v SP zL? PP uqzL?
NGg N@v i, SP iv
N@vG z, zLP, G
z{NP. N@v N@i SqP PLk
NYrq, N rrq G@. S
N@v N@idY. TidY }rv
N@kg fi SP rP P @@ Nn
G_@. L } SfiG i@, i
L SY. q V @kPfl
SY a i v ?
Lvk gq@ qPzL P Sfi@z
N. fizV@ PV vzfi.
SP zrqP }@@, P@V vrz
rg qG@.
P L_@rv q SP N SY. SP
Tv ifiV Sfi.
N@vG P@V PL z N T
Nk, zLNzk i L@V Li uqG@.
ifi P@ P i. pi Y
qP. ifi N N@P TG
i rPz_@P. SP dfi @>i@V
v NN PT@V qrq vzPL,
i@k NG i@P. P@ d, @>
i Lt _@ s@V _@ zq
P G@. L, _@Vg P@
NPGzG Sfi@ gvt, _@Vg s
@^ _@ vdY.
78 * P[@ @_@Vr

[
@ vs zfirG @, i Y
SPL zfig NG @ v g
fi. L@ v Sfi.
J Sfi @vsVg i L NY
qP _@, , zifi_@, vfi_@ gG
dfi_@. Ss@ NLPg g z .
g Nzk Nz.
NPLk _@ P rV @Y
v. fi v q Nirq N@v
k zP N@k @tg NGgq
fiz. L q. P SfiP
irv @tg @ Sfi.
N fi Lgq Y vg
V qrq irv z. Gz{
N@ jfi @v @v @ T. qP
Sfi@. a q z.
T_@ Lt, >Lt NzVL
fi @g g @. Yt NzVr
NzV@t v lrg qrq v. @{
gvP G@ Y zfi. L >P
ifi @tg @. i@z _@v Sfi
. k @[T @tzt qz.
@ NfirN@vP fi @z . N
^fi. PL Pvz ug uvt Nq Nq
q@Pk NYt Pz i@ L z. L
L q vt ifi P @. @
^ N@v N z drv
SYL zirv z_@. L P}
SY. Nq u[. _rg
_r. P NLrvg . q@fi
[fifiz.
L L z SfiP Lgv G
79 *

N c Sfi. Qz@ i i . L
i_@ . QLP z
gs NP g z_z.
Nv_ rV fi NzV
@d N@v zP. NzV
NzV VP zrq zPfi. z NPqg
@ _@ gqrq N@vP. v
bNzfiP Pk NY NL@. }
P, @P @nP Nz. _@V zP Nz,
T i YP NY NL_@.
qP Y PP NL. P
dfi L lr q P_q k
qPfi. P NzV@d LNPqlrP
N P. zG P_qq q zG
qP L P@t P P; P v
z_r i_@ zv i Nfir z
rv. q @v . P.
Nv_rV P z_r
v. }g Sfi vz
d zPfi. g ui PY z_rv.
Pfifi N@v @ vfi_@
>P _@ NPG@ vNL@.
N@v @Y z qq z,
P NzV@, NG vfi z zP N@q
@Y z@ Y kNz. _v
SNLfi V rqg z. L
@tV P>g @g Sfi. _
v SfiP N@k NP Sfi.
@tV P> Sfi@L N@
q_. L g P vfi@ QLP
rV NL @P N @P Y
NLg zfi. @tV _qg Pt
SfiG Sfi.
zk Nkrv SfiP N
q zP [i [i z @vsrv @q
. g N zk Nk q @Lg
NG P ufi zP [ vfi
QLP rV NL_@. @Nv @Y
P> SfiP S Qz zfi.
80 * P[@ @_@Vr

zP [i [i q Xv
P urG z NP.
v@ G @figg N zt, N@, N@,
Yt zrq _rv z k Nk zP
[L v @qG Sg @BV
NP. Nfiz. @ uq Nz
zv SP Gqz.
SP vfi@^_ N@k Y @P sk
NYv@. ggfi @PP. fi P
zrq GP, P fi Pq Nk
zP, SNLfi Pq Nk flP
aG NYtz@. @t @ v
N Pv P @ fi N
qg Sfi. z zfi@ PP
S[rq G NP.
fl uV Pv N@qz
vfi@ NYG zNY Nz. LNL
t gz. @ Pk NYz. Lv
z PqP G_G Sfi. @} N
@ . P N Sfi. Sg
>v .T NzV z N P g
zfi. L Pg N @ @z _@
Sfi. Pg z P.
NG zk Nk N P@
s, L zfiP@s Sfi vfi_@ NY
tz@. L Lg Nr NYv@,
N @Vzqv, P P@gg
Ns@^ g v, N@v Y
V v@, P lrq G N Y
@ P rq SfirG , L
z [G @B L NP.
[G Lg @ L [@ z
Sfi. gP SP G@, {@ NL
t . S i@P @BN@@ zfi.
z_G L Y z_PL
N NY qP_@. s@ L NY
qP zPP N V NYrq
zP. z z z_PL NL_@.
z_PL NP N_@Y q
81 *

Lgv BL zgv gg.

d z Pi. Tfi
@. L zi. z_PL Nk fi
z . t Pvz NNL; k Pvz
@Vzv; Nz_@^ gk v@;
@Y NGg P; SPg z_@^ G
L z_@^ LPgqG d & SP P
zgq.
dfi PvL fi aGP
NP NYt NYq P zP
NYzfi. vL fi @tV PvL
NGzP. dfi _@Vs Sfi @tV
SfiqV G Sfi. bNzfi
Pvz z_PL q q_r v
vP @tV z. _@g
dfi NL P_@Vv uP LP PP
NYq q qz.
z_ Ytv @v
NPvv. zV rvt @
PvT PvT P [_@ v NL_@.
SfiG. z @@v. z
@q NPvv ifi ifi NL_@.
N@k V s@ NL Nk.
rv N _@v Sfi. v PvT
PvT q@ @v Sfi. NG g
n@fi} Prv NYz NzP NY
? L qL z ri [_@
n Nz.
N z@ Sfi. @q v
qL z Grq v PP, P^G
fi V G@V, r vfi@ fi
G@V @Bv z.
N V @v NPqg
fi . L fiPvz @q fl z
Y Grq @v NPqv. v@
_@L v@. @v NPv @
P q NL@. Nz qg P.
SY. vfi@ NYG@ NPfikr
v. L P firv NY. NY
82 * P[@ @_@Vr

P. L NL @v NPv Nz
NPfik firv g
NY.
P J fi N Ytv @qv
L. @ SfiP Nz zfi P N@q
. Lg a@... Sg v N
L@. PP g fi^ @qfl
zrv zrq @q N
[_rv. qv z NPvgP. P
SY. Ss P vfi@ NY Sfi@@
NPkrv. L P rv NY
. SP g i Tz zV zP.
L_rV @ uigPY z_
L. uig P vzd @L g
NY SfiP@. g P
S| G_r zfiz. z GP
i vz d @ zP Sfi
@} NPGrq Sfi@, iP
vg z @L @ S zL
z G_L NP. L i SfiG@@
P >krq SfiP. P SL NL
g Nrq zfi.
Pfifi N@v
Sfig. N@@ L
NvY i@. P NvY PGv
N P Sfi. k v
Sfi. NG, iL zfi. NG
gg @ q q@. P NLTfi.
N@ _@ PrV Sfi.
k @Y zP Sfi. SP zP
fl@}@ v. d z N_@ z
NPq @T@q Sg . _@^ Lg
V@^ G@ g @} Nrq zfi.
@} vt , @ @ifirG
v L . g @}
NPG z@ NLt N@k
. g NL} kfiz.
Sg vfi @v@. L r
zg@. PTv z. r^L N@P
83 *

zV zg@. r^ z_L Nk
P . N dfi q
vgq @ NYtzfi. fiP
gqrG? l@P gP vrg Pt
v@ . fi^ SgP Y l_rq
Sfi@ v z _L rfi
iv. k v t z@. _@ z
NPvq _ @i z qg v@.
P_@V Y NYz_GL vfi
> @Y} P @ zP NB@^
PkNY q@ NL_@. gV@^g
P @Y z NY qgfi. g
fiz Nqz ik NYqP NG
vfi z NBrv i_ @g@. s@^
NY NP >P zz@.
gP fi ^ Pk NYq
rq SfiPg vfi zP@. s@ zP fi
z Pg i NYv. zPP v
Ni _r N@qL_@. L Yg N
Ni, zL ufi fi. P v _rfi.
NG Tv. [rv Pk NL.
L LV N zVPg NG SP
v @Y q NLrv.
Pv SP irV, zP @
v NLrv. P NLg N@k_ @z
Pflk. L NG L P
v _@ JTq ig v_@.
Sg @ , _@ irV,
Nz bNzfi^ z. N@v
rPzg V@^ QLP rV, Sg
V@^ YN[@ rV v, QLP
g Y z_z. gv z_r
Sfi@.
@t, N@vg @L
NPfis@V P v@. @t, N@v,
v, dfi _@V Y i@_@ SfiG
vP Sfi. N@v @zg
V@ _@ NPfigV@P. SfiPv Sqg
V@^ v _@ @. i ^@V
84 * P[@ @_@Vr

N@kg P rPz_@. s@^ @Y,

N@v, vfi@ v, dfi _@V Y @
P. v@ zdY. _@P Lt
NztLt v @. SzG _@NPfis
SfiG q q @ . fi P @q
@s v@. SfiqV @iV y_@q z{
z. fizV S_@ Sq _@ Sfi
P dfi, vfi@ Yfi _rrv@V
L NP.
d N@v @, @
Sqq @ N@v _@. g
@tg L N@vv_ N@qG zLPq
L_@. _@ @NP{Y rV _@ V
Sfi } Nz qz. fi^ gg
fi@ V Nz fi tq NPfik
YNY zfi@ Sfi. S Nq
B V@^ q aL. g
SNLfii q dv [
v. L _@ N NP@V. Sg zfi
>P SfiGfi @P @P NL.
SqdY vz S d [
q_@GL SP q zrv Y gzfi,
@GNPY_ N@v zG NYgv.
NYrv SfiPz P Yt Nq qP.
vL _@ Yfi @ N@vNPY P
[q Sfi qrv. N t@V
uqv. P q@s . L t@,
Yt@ Y NGr jd NV i
zrv. NPL P Yt@rv z rq
z. zirv z_@v. Yg
@. Y i z. Sg NLL @ v.
N@k ^ Sgg L. fi^ _@
_@ Yfi } @ i qrq
SfiP. TkQL Nq v zNY
NY SfiP_@. P zkrq SfiPg
_@ @ Lv vg Ygq S
Sq Yt? _@ Sfi qP @v. vL
_@}, P_@, , , Yfi @T
@T @@ v_@. NzV@ NL.
85 *

Yfik fi@. _@s

dv tq SY. d@V S_@ NP@
v@. L dfi > z rq
SfiPzfi @s @tg LP NP@. S
zv YP Sfi NY Nz lrg
v NL@. L L z. L
g fi i zfiP. lrgv z
fi @ s Sfi. lrg
v. _@}P v q
g
qv_@. ^ N@v Lg
P V@rv NL. NG s@^
rq lrg qv_@. @V bzVs
Pv zfiP i P N@q
kq ifig @ v.
Sg fi i Sfi zifi@.
g q NPL i q Nzk
NYtz. _@ @tg q zP
vL q Nz. zP r^. L Nzk
NLNGP gq _@ @g NYt
z_@. Pz @, pL Nz v
Sfi@. gqq NYz vq N
@V gq NY Sfi@. gq Nzk
NL Yfi lr u^z. @@P Nz
g NG gq v.
_@ P @vL NLv _@ P
@q q N ufi@ Gqz_@.
g _@z NLt k SfiPg @g
P SP _@zv ufizP S _@B
L a. Nz s qg P@ z
qgg. Pg q t @
L z NP[z, LP_ @vs SP v
G@ _@ g_@. vL gvg
z.
G_rG _@ @q
S[P_@. z Pfl NzVP zfi
P. @q S[P v, P N
. vv zfi. _@ v
q q irq LgV
N@}@ g. L Sg @q q
86 * P[@ @_@Vr

zfi@fi. P uv vL @q q
@ NYtz@.
Pfl @q @@ G N
P.
Lv P q
Sfi. @Y vk l lrg
v@V. Pq i qq z
s@ zfiP. s@ qg NPY
P P lr zrq P_qq
zfiz. Nz N@q z P NPfig V@
P_q@ @qz. L zz. vg
qzL. N@dY qPgNG P P
q @v> k @ uq NP
rv. P P zfiP i z
NP dY.
_@ q , P, ~gfi, Pflfi,
Nzifi, SLfi, N@Y L, ifiq,
qv Sg v_@, z_@ Sfi.
Ps Pgv P@, @P, P,
zV_@flP, TP & Sg z@z@ v_@
Sfi. @q S[Pg NG SP v_@^g
@ gV z zfig. SP gV
Nz L g bzVs NP. v P
qP NP.
fi ^ @@Y k q zfi
@Y @ SfiP _@ zi q Sfi
Nq Nfiig @Vzqq zP. P uv
v_@. NP @sq Nz q_z,
Ns Nz NP_rq N@v. z N@
v v z@ NL. L z@
P v zi SYg@z @v _@
Bv P gVP.
Y v Sfi@z, fi z NPY
fi v NfiL. @ | L S[.
LN@ NzV_@. q Nvz z
SNLfi v NfiL. g @gq
S[. NvPvz z@ @qP q
S[ @qqv. v z
@Vzqq z zLP @vs @v uq
87 *

S[@ uqG L Nq. vL _@L

fi L Nzk NL. S> Sg z @Vz
qq z z@v NYq
G_rgv. g _rv SfiP i !
_@ Jfi @ fi Sfi. i@
_@ P @ qP@V. L g _@
_ dfi q z N@rq SNLfi
Jfig z@g L. P @ Sg
N@vP. g z i
fi. fi @q z{. S_ N@k
NPsPL z@_rv
NL.
fi gv v q v
. N Ngq z@ vg ig
ig @L. q zL_P. L Nk
q fi v L q z@ v.
S L SPgN q@ Sg _N@v
PL B@ NYq _LV
z agq zV dfi q
rv.
zdYP @v. i @PL.
NG _@V Sfi. zq P @q
rq Sfi. dfi z@ u^
V PL. dfi N NYrv
g G_rv.
q Sfi. dfi N@L @qrq
N@vfi@fi. zfi NgL PzP z SP
v L fi @Y @v NL_@V.
zfi @B { P v P @v.
z aL v N@kP PzP NV
P arq SfiP@V. s@V i g fi
q. P>@ q Gkv@V.
dfi gNG l@ SY.
TP @ N NL. Tkg
NG z@L ug @ z Jfig
fi@fi. TkgNG z@ vgL
P} . z Sfi.
dfi z_rv i vPPg k NL.
vL P v fi @ @v. P @Y
88 * P[@ @_@Vr

N@vv z _@g v LP@ NL_@.

SgP _L P @ PPP@s @Y @LP
@s Ns@ NY @qfi@. SP v
L fi.
SP L bNzfi NP Nz
N@@V v. _@ rG V@V
} N@q N@rq _@ J Sfi
zVN@ _@ v fiz. Jfi
v k Y NPs Sfi.
G L q Sfi N@k q
z_rz. Gz{ , x, k
v, bs v, N@g, NzV@
z_r irq rv v z.
_@ @Y N Sfi. k
@ N@k gqz. @
N@k zz. NG @tV v
T q G_z. _@ L _@
q_r N[i N@[iz q i.
SYL @Yt g P z[ z.
g }g . Lv uvv. _L
SfiG @V u[@Vg q Jk
NzVv Y Sfi. Y v . @V
G_r NzVv. it P. @ @
Sfi. Y @Pv ^^ g Sfi.
@ fi N_@ Pg Y
NzVr N@P @[Tq g z.
vq SfiP @z N@k fi
z G_z_@. Sfirv
z_@ g qz. k @
N@@g @ SfiG qv z
T fiP ifi SfiP fivg v
_L fi NzkNYtz. @fl@g N
@fl@ qq @ pi N@qG i.
iq
_LV
SfiG
zg,
@V Sfi@G @Vg q_r l @^
V z qN@vfiz. N NV@
gNz^@. Pgrq _@ LgV
@q@^ Nz. PL @V. fi
YP. P zfiP Nq @@P. q
89 *

Ng@V Nfir z N, @ @fig

vP.
k ifi q vP zfiz.
Nzt ^ . Ng rg Sfi
@. Ng N. N@k qG; N@k
vG; N@k Nt@V @
Sg q z fiz. Lg N@v
s uqfiz@.
L g G qY
bNzfi zfi L ifi^ N@
vqz. Jfi L_@ SP ifiV L
zfiz@. V L L
N@i, P i, P ^ @Y
ifi N@vqz@.
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qz N@rq SYL vP, @V
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@{, v, > N@, t z
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P NP, @Nv Nq V L
z P Nqi @v qfiz@.
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rq N@v. gg Pt fiP fiP @i
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90 * P[@ @_@Vr

qrq, z z N} P z^rq @v
@q z{ z@. NVg V@^
v N@rq, vgz N@v zrq
g iz^@.
N@q N@v@, @ NzP Sqgq
rq @zs, vP zG fi z
qv @P v @rq z
rq Sfig@. _@_@ P@Y@V, @V
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P uq. N@T@ P G_@ zg@.
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vgG N@kgfiP. k dfi@
z_PL NP@V @ N@vg_@. P
PV LP z_PL NG?
NYG zfi @@. zfiNYG ^
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Vv V zfi a z_PLk
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rq N@vPs@^_v G@vzv z_
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fi. q v. z
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91 *

 qG N@@PLP. fir fir uq.

g z_rqz.
N@@g NPv_ _@_@ @Ytv
qg @ qz_@. N@@q
q. Nzq @{,zY, q@ @G N
P Sfi. r SP ztP [
Jfi @ gq q. N@v NzqGs@,
> Gs@ Ps@^ Tg_@V. NzG
N@q zPs@ _q S_q ^r^g
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z GGV Y N@v
i__@.
iNLfi fl z Yfi i
v gqz@. gq V @gv
@ v, N@Gz_@ z z P
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rG , N@, @ YP @q zs
@^ LPL qq NzYPV
z N@rq Jfi z g _@
.
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r fl q N@qG, N@vz,
@{ q Gr i_G Sfi.
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v@q g .
v z SP ifi
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V Sfi fl N@v, z
. z_rg NGr i_@. Y @
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@. _rq S_rq P SgP
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N@vG q SfiP q@ SfiP.
92 * P[@ @_@Vr

v PgNG SP ifi^g @ zg
N@v@. P NL zfiPgvdY.
J cv ifi^ N NGg N@vq
z_@. q q z Y VPv N@vq
z. _@ P rPz@ q@V qP z g
@. v@fi z_ q@v@. ifi N@v
v @rvs v@. cvfi L
@Y N[ PL Sfi, P N
NzN@ L. J Pfi N@v,
dfi N@v @g P
PLg @. fi zi fi P@P z
@ q S[ S[ Nz gfi. @
Sfi. P @ l@ Y zfi. L z@
vfi NPPsL l_@. N
v@V l_z@. L s@Vg
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cv qg Y @, z_r
zrq z. g Y @t L
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NY z@. zrv Sfi@P . L
v@ uvv@. v P NYtz@.
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N N[ zi zrqzfi. kP
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zfiz.
93 *

q zP vL i P XPPfl
N@k_ @. NG q P g Sg
NP[ uv. N@qzP Nfig qgV
q zfiz. @_@P fi S
qG P Nfig SfiP XgP z@.
Lg Y Pfl r i.
L _@ NPfis Sfi N@q
qrv @tg z. zP Sfi.
qk vL N NV@V zv q,
NPfiTY z, PY z & qg
qrq d g@. _@ Yfik ia
z@ g. V@ qq NzVqz@. NG
_LgNG uP g z
d fi NG JfiV lrqg z.
v@fi@ L S @@
v@, ifiV z_ q@v@. gk
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g zfi S@@ gq
qV fiz@. P i@ N@vv s@
@v@. g i@fi@ NPfis@ z{g
. z{ Nq@ rPz q qq,
Nflrqg z. _@ N@ z
q g qgq@g fiz.
qP. cvfi kq. zG v_@^g @g
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NzV_. Pv P gP k.
r qg v k.
q r, cv fig@
@v Sfi. SP qqP
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. L rg fl qg@. cvfi
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kfi.
zfigNGg gP. SgNY SP ifi
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@ rqg G P@L s . L
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rG SY. dfi_@ vfi_@^ Pz P
94 * P[@ @_@Vr

NY NfiPdY, PdY, @vP @P

qg G@. S S Y L fi
P SY. Sg @vL G zP
Sg i .
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N@k N@k@g LV fi
uv. g Nzk N; @ g
g; zfi L @evgq v@v;
zkNv; YV v@ g
Ngv. zfi zfi B iL Sfi.
L Ng . NPL g G,
z_G, zz z_PL NG Y
Lg gq N gP. _@
SfiP v@V Ng . s@Vg
vr, @vs^ L N@q@ zG
LV . N qgNG fi vrv
SP N NL. s@ @ g
gNGP NYv@.
@evgq @ P. L _@
@vs zfiP i Y
N@Gk. P_ @evv zP @vsV @g
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. NPL g@? z_@?
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NG @. @T @v. v
v. , @_@, z@_@ L
V fi Nzg uv.
Ss@ SY V @vs^rv
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NPL vG z_@V @vsV LV @
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95 *

rq Nrq zPNPY PdYPP,

PL q. v @ SfiP NY
v .
gN q z N . z
NgL fi @>i@Vv N@v
P. qP qg s@Vg q Ss@ N@k
Ti Sfig@ NL. Lg
@g@P NPfik, s@ Nz NL
NzV @gv @YG@. S NPP
z LV Ss@ v@
fi _v uvfi. Y @ g
sk N SfiP.
k zfi _@ z P. Pg
N@vP V@ gV@. @
zgfi P V@P. @^gvk NY
qG qfi. P SfiP. L
v P @>i@ BL _@Vg
@ irq zfi. Pg V@^
v N. L k N i N@^g
s@^V v@q qrq
N@vP@.
g Vg NY _ L
zrq, Pg V@VP @ z@V
N NYrq SfiP_@. L SP @>
i@P fl@ dgfi Yfi q ^_@
zfiP_@. N@k P vG
v@ N @vgqrq N@v@. s@^
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P V@^ gv zG @_@V
NY J @ s@ N NzV_@z
@. L G@ P V@L SgP
Sfi@. s@^ zG N@v N@v_G
P PgV@V vG, G Y.
L PgV@^ N@v N@i
qP_G Sfi_@. @, _@
v SfirG PL z@V N_@. SNPY
P L L N _@vgq. L
@>i@ S_@. s_@^ zP_
96 * P[@ @_@Vr

@G_@. L Sg Sfi@@ @z zfi. N

s@rv @T@q vvg qfi
@.
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L v v PB.
Ti Sfi@; Sg g V@V
gv@ Ps@ s@V zrv &
Sg z, L zP vg
v L L NYrfiP.
, P Y fi L i L
V Sfi. L P vfi@ dfi@ NYG
Nzg Sfi. L@z Nzw dfi z
PPg i, @Vgi LV fi
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Sfi@P i L, Vg fi
Pvzz zg N Sfi,
PL NPL_ @, i nq, i
nq z.
@vgqG L_@P @vs N @fiL
Sfifi@fi. v ggv L_vP
Sfifi@fi NPkrv. Sg fi SP
qNY. z NLs@ @vs
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uVz, gPY uVz & SgP NY
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@vPz & Sggv s z fi
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s N Ti Sfi. @vgqG
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P_N@vPL P, gPY, N, P
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L L NP. fi vr @vgqG
L_rv, SP L Sfi@ NY s@V
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Sg Yk N NPkrv.
Lv zv zt@v L v
97 *

L P NLg S i@rrv L.
Lv z . Sq V @>i@V
zkrq SfiP L Sg Sg fi
_@vs Sfi.
SP , NPk grv NL
fiP v i@. Yfi P NzVq
flrq SfiPP NL@. L_v P
NLg v Y SfiP PB.
@ NL@ NL@ rG NLg S
i@rvP L. PL PL fi i
NY, zv q NLgNG,
rq SfiP z fL flrq
fi v rv. bzVs N v
PL SL NP. L fi s .
@} q N@} u^P u^v.
uV L _@ PP. NP fi B
zfi N@k zY. N@k N@k
@vgqG L_@Vgi zv P i
. L. L N gN
fi zPv irq SfiP. vLgNG
N gN @Ls_@nL
P @ q. P PnT
zgi . s@ g gV@
@G z s@^@@ z Ng
L@ YP Sfi. s@
^ @^P qvgG,
qvzB LV @@L Sfi.
Lv N, iL, PL
Y
SP q@gv, @gv L_@, i
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SY NzL _@ zP@V Nz fl
rq, z@ N z{q P
SY SfiG P SY q. SP
}PP Ps@ rv NYtz. g
SY Sfi @T_ @qfi@.
G NG L Sfi@v. P G
P NY, P Nk@v. P
P. PNPY z qGP. z
q NG Lg @.
98 * P[@ @_@Vr

LV @@L @V zrq NP
zPgq qP. @vgqG LPv L ^k
, s@^@@ z Ng@ N@L@q
rq zP. fi N N@v vk NY
q@NL@. _@gLgNGP, Nz
NzV_. }@gV_@. v }@ v
P. PL v }@ P. @vg
qG L_@^ @vs^ P SY. Sg
P SY s @t Nz_@. NPL
zG. L fi s . @vs _rq N@v
G Pv zPg .
P@ @vs N Lz NY
rq SfirG Ss_@ vV @}.
L_@ @}. @vs aPL v
V NG NYrv_@. L v
V Sg Sg SfiPP, SL SLfi
P @gv @ Sfi. Nz L_@
}, g @vv zP fi . SYL zG
( L NP) Sfi. @vs i
uVz @i @ig G_@. qG_@. L SP
v_@^V , v@_@Vv P azL_
@V a P PT rq Sfi.
@vs, > @vs Lfirrq NYG_@.
u^V P N, gv, gv z
N@Pz G_@. s@ zP@V .
@L@ P. s@ NV@g v@P
uq z@ v_@.
@vs @g NGPfi, zPfi,
@z NPfi, @tV bzVs i
zPv G_@. L vV
N@vV Pg Pz s@ zv
^g ^ Nz @ u^P u^_@. a
NY L fizLv PnGP N@q zL
viL z_G SP zP NLg zfi. SP
zv z fifl PL ififl PL zV
zV NG@.
SP P P u, P g
@zgv zv NLP P
TrLk Nz_@. Y_ @t@V, SYL
99 *

p_@VP. Nz fi_@V & SL L

i, V L i, SL L
N@qz, V L N@qz NLrq
@ fl N@}@ z_@. S L i,
Tz, L vgq N@g. @t
V fi @vs Nz zPgNG zG @vs. Sg
@vs^@V zrq N ivv Sfi.
L s@ N rYPL PL @vsV
uvr, q SfiqG_@. Ss NPGP
_@!
_@ @vs }@ @vs. zP
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qg @. SYL, _@ @vs qN@v
NGP @vs, zfiP _@^ g
Sfi@ Nn }. Sg } NYrq
SNLL Nkrq SfirG N _@, Sg
q V z q SfiG? L
. z zfi vP uq Nz z
v. z q q z N Ti
NP @v Sg G_@V L!
SL vP uq Nz zPgNG,
SP dfi, v@Vg P @z zfi. v
V @N SfiG z Ss@Vv _@i s
NP SfiP. q zPgNG Ss@Vgi,
Ss@Vv P SYP igi NPfik
rv. Lt i, GzG, P T, Pz
PY, @n, Pi, gPY NYrq,
Ss@ zG z@g P, V z ,
, @, fi@P Q@ z_@.
SL zPL g NLPTv S_
@ @gfi. Ss@V g @vv Ss@^
L NP.
SL S_@ SfiG ifig P, S
dfi_@, vfi_@ Ss_@Vv NP P_@Vv
ifiP Sfi. dfi, vfi_@ fi
P, i@s@VP Sfi@@. s@P
i@ SfiG@. rPz L_@VgP
@V P@V Sfi@@. i@P zrq
100 * P[@ @_@Vr

Sg SYP @V vr, s@rv fiq

PLL i, Tz SP Y ifl, @vs
z Ss@V @Vrrq N SfiG_@.
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vv, i @} Nk N_@
NYP_@. Ss@^ , _@V Gv
v @@, Nqk_@v u^ NPv
>qg PL } NYP_@. SNPL s
i? Ss@V @vs rrq r flq
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NP@fi@P.
gV@V
G
@,
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N YP_ @qq Pv@. P
L_@ NPg @ v_@. Sq V di
G @Y Ss@V zrq SfiPP @q q
v_@. @vs, , @Y NY Ss@V
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s@ rq Ss@V diG N T
v_@. V _@V@z i@, s@Vv
zPL PP z zV qrvP }
rv_@.
@vs SP SY, SgNY
Sgg fikrv_@. ^ @vsVv
t v@gv @P }v@. Nr,
r, {@gv SP N@v,
Pv L Pv z Ss@rv
NP NGifi. SP NL i
Lgq.

101 *

q
fi

r Pg N} NG, zV,
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NL N@}@ fi v P. SP v
L SP uvL Vg i
NPfikrv. L_@ SP
q z, fl a g V@^g
g NY q s@V Li uqfi@@
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NzP z N gqrqP
v P.
Pg NGP N@k_ N@k _@ SfiP
NL Nz NP z. v fi
k, NPfiks@^k zv q
NYg P@. uV Nz zGP Sfi
k NL_@. L P L N
i@g G N@L @qrq P.
PgNGP s@ NL NP NPfik
rv. V qkz Sfi g
SfiP.
vV fi P> @P. NG L.
d, P, SP v [_G, Sg
L. Y XzL iL.
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ifi, SP ifi N@v N[PL
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NP. q z@z@ Sfi. NG S@^
Lg NP. NPkt Pg fi@ z
V N. ziL q zi.
gq SgL, _@ SfiP @vv_@^
. _@ JL_@ fi@. q
102 * P[@ @_@Vr

N v, N@v. LL fi i
Sfi. Nz@ Sfi. P fii @
@ q@^V vi Sfi. NPP
vvz, z, i_@z . g fi }s.
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sdY. uV v@q g zfi. fiiN@fii
NG, g, _@ Sg ggfi
v N. ~zPv SfiPP N@ .
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_@ ai zPgq q@P z, L
gV rq, rq s@
@ Sv z@V P Nkrq
. LL . NGk,
L S@ zP. fi @dfi,
L_@^@@P zP. S@ g_ N@v@q
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. ggPt P g Nk g
i_@, P g N@v P@, P @v
, P S@, P _@ z_@, T@ &
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q vg L, d L_@^ L Nkfi.
@>i@ L. V SP
aP g @ & Sg s z z.
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103 *

 lr q@, iq iv q_@.
fi k gV@V N@v
g@. S@ z SP }@ Y k, q_r,
q_r, N@v_@. gg, SP g
V@Vg ig @ zfi. S@ @ @
v, S@ @fig, , _@ Sfi@, Y
flfl SYP @ }@g V@ NYt_@.
fi , v@V gV@ i z
vv SPg }@ V@^g @L
N@_@V. S@^g vkNY qG
NPv q. SPg i v Ps@ rvg
s . L P @@s v@.
fi vL Nz, , iNz, _
@ Nz, i Nz N[P> NzP.
L SP Nz, z[G z@, NG
z P SY. P @vL fi@
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@ Ss@V rPs@v @v.
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i, V N zV zV zq Sfi
@.
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Pz SPg ig v, Pz Pt @^
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104 * P[@ @_@Vr

 PY NY NY V Pa
uv rgqz@. z PP
i@ v uvv@, g s@ ig@.
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@v gPY Tz & SP NYg _@
s@ gG vP @, s@ NYG
P N v @. Tz @}v
@. s@ i@_ N@@g G. P
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g TzPv G NzV_@.
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rv Sfi, N z@ Sfi, N l
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@ @q.
v , @>i G N>_
q@@. g NY q@GPgP q
fi Sfi. bNzfiPfi TiLs@;
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@ SYz SY NYP@. @vs
q N bNzfiP v z
NGg @@ YP Sfi.
L, N z@ zfi, SPi s
Sfi@. Yfi Ji Nki Sfi@
ig@, zGi i@z Gz
v.s@NLP zPz @.g
@ Pz Ti vg . Lv
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vP NYG@. @ NP, s@ N@, xg
@vP qq z, P@L
V ig v @v>@g rq Sfig
@. s@ q gV v_rg @L
105 *

Pz PY P@ Sfi s z@. s@
gP@L V P. NP V
Sfi@v. zGV ufi NPk N@v@
. SP i i@PL _@ Sfi@?
v@V NGgfi PL
L NP. NPk zfiG N@kgfi s@Vg
i N @zP NL@@, G@.
P@V S{z Ss@ g >
rg z. fi P s@^
NP. s@ rv SPNYs L P SY
g. NY v g vz@V, z@V
Sfi. PPgv P @Vg i Ss@
G @V @v Ss@ g nGPs SYP
@vs Vv P uvz@ NLg. Ss@
P@Vg i NYG
- SP L_@V g q@^V uv
? g uvv Ss@ uV zv@.
L, s@^@ NP, s@ _@ Sfi@.
-S_@^ s N. N
v. gNG Y@^ PT NG i.
- NL sk Nkv S@ LG@.
ggv@ S@.
-S@ v Sg Y flrq
@. PL Li S@V vV @q
Gv N@k @vP.
- SP L_@^g @zNq t@
N. gs SYP S@^ SNPY.
Pz _@, SfiGPg i
L P Rj NYg z@. Sg
[g qg N@vG Ss@V L z N
? Sv @qq, q, Tq,
^ i N q SfiP
LV uirv Sfi.
zfi_ @{ > zG v L@.
V k v i uv@. SP P
NY S| z NYP NGP
NYG@. L SP S| Sq PqP
.
106 * P[@ @_@Vr

, SqPvz iq @v Pz
ug fi N@v, r
qz@ P, @v SNLfi N }@g
N@v NY q@g @ NL@.
L PG NPg. Sg P_N@v
PL fi z }@v NY
q s@V Li uqG Pz PY
z q. Sg Nzz Sfi@
@ Lg q. Pg N@v,
}@g V@ NYG @@. s@ S[P
S[g N@v v. S L Sg
@v, S SfiP @gv zfiL
zfiP. L @} rq S[P S[gg
@.
Lv S zfiL@@ N@v_@V
NL. S_@ zfiL q z _v P>
z NG@V. zfiL q_@, > zG _@
SfiG v g_@L, , gPY
Tz Sg NYg _@q@.
fi k _L Y@qq Sfi
P. Pg@ . z
qrv N V Sfi@ ? }
Pfl PL V rq SfiG.
Gz SPizP zvd
Nlrq vPTq Nz zv.
g zV vq P v zP
Nz. q c uvvv@. g
vP @vgq q zv. zPg NG
qG @v N@k kY.

107 *


vifi

flk Nz zPgNG,
L PdYP v zv
Sfi. vV _r N@v, zVzV
i q Y ziv zP NG, Sg
SP @ P>N@v, Sfi@ v, z
Nz, Pfl Sg YP L P
rq @vgv z N.
P@vt, @vt Sfi.
_@ @Lt fii Sfi. z N@v
G fiPN@ Sfi, g z
[igqP Nn Nkrq Sfi@. zG
N@L } Sfi , k_N@ z z_G?
z N ^_N@v.
SgP, g [igv, fi
v Sfi S z. L. NPq
@T@V @q, [Pzq @v L
L V 400 z. SP Nzz z
P @B? L P z_v N@v@.
L fi P. vfi_@ z vG
N@v. vi@VP qg@V. S L
N S S YP_ gqG@V
NP. v@fi q g v _@
gG?
Sg vfi N@v_@V v@P
qg@V. @fi N@v_@V @
P qg@V. @ N@v_@V
V@VP qg@V. SggL P@
V _@ v rG NP. P@
N@v _@ SfiP L NP.
, zG _@ V P @@
dfi, vfifi z vG N@v_@V
108 * P[@ @_@Vr

@v P V@V P s@Vv N@v

Pv P Gk G_@. _@V P_N@qg
Ls@PL @G@. S g, _@ z
z_rg NG g Sfi.
z rqg . z Nz SY
q @ Nz XzL i_@ ? g
Lt P P@g SfiG zk. s@ @g
NG L Sfi? fi Sfi@? vg
NGP P NgP @. Yg Ls
@^ q V ^ PT Nkq Sfi@
.
z, } Sq @vL Nz
P> vv P @v zG. NV P>
aL @v Nt z Y@q aG@,
z@ z, k @ zi z fi
Nzfigs, @zs zPt, P>V L
N ? v irG. LNzY
NLG. rG. L N z@
Y NvP . @g SY
PgP krq Sfi@ z agP
Sfi.
Nq zfi@ SP L N z@
fi _r N@vPNG i SL S
z z[G N _@vP Sfi. v
V Sfiq @vgqG L_@, i, a n
@ @ zVzV . s@^@@ Ss
@^@@ Nzk Nk q zi z. L
@ qG zPL@V }v _@.
Sg T@. L L,
Ngq P> N@v zPg qGL L,
@ SY {_r aGL L,
@g SY NPfis aGL L, fi SY
P> LP N@}@ N@vGL L, PT
PP } i@ s SY SP
z@ i Y qGL L SL
L NP. @@ vP, Pv @ @_
@V uqq zv @zgq@. L
SfiPt fi PLL z@P. gg
109 *

fi_@ s@^ Ss@^ z qrv

.
vV SfiPg, P} @^
a _@Vs, s@ a _@Vs
P Sfi. L, g fi P, }
zi Sg NG qPL SfiPL s@
rv v . L Sg sdY,
^ s@Vg SfiGL s@^
rvg gN_@ . ^ s_@rv z
P}g @ .
v@V L Pk N@V, fi
Nq zfiV V @r [_rq fi
z{ V zPV ig qG@. P Nz
zPNG z[G Pv_@ Sfi. P NPG@B
SP NPG@ Sg Sfi@ g Sfi@
@vP @P NY @v ^@ zP^
rg G. u^V fi P> @
V zP NG, Pv z@ cqN@q@
PL NP}ivv z Sfi. V [
Gvk NGP s@Vv rYPL.
v fi z k P _
N@}@ SfiP. Lk , vtk , q
NPv SfiP. L Nz zPg NG G
@v k fi_@ _N@}@
L. uV Pg NGP _q N@vG
N@Y z q. L_N@v S
q, q N ufi_ N@G ufi rg.
Sg _ N@G Sfirq L z N
?
Nk fl, i z Nz z
v. z[G @vLt, L P,
zG PP Sfi. t LPv L
P} zG fi ai Sfi. Pfl
Sfi lr k p N@}@ uV PP[g
SL PflV zP p N@}@
NPP, N@ uv . vV
Sfi z z G NYG Y L
P @ SYg . P }P g
110 * P[@ @_@Vr

, i@P, PP zrq
qPL . z NG NY
rq i. L P SY NG
L N z?
Sgg L zfi. NGN@@gv
GzN@}@ Sfi@. NGN@@gv NG
qV N@vPP @g. v Tq
Nz zP, G@ qg q rq
P zP. gP Sfi
@.
@vP @P NY vV SfiPg >
Nz, Nr, JLrg v@, SL Nz
zq PP@, P@ G. SP z
Sg GP zPL Sfi.
@gv
NG@
ifis
zV
ztgN, tg Lg G@
gL NP. NG SYP Gz @v,
@v_ @Y N@q k @gqG i,
L @gvg fi zPL, NtL
@gqG@. v P_rrq
z @ rq Sfi@.
Y SfiP @ V rq Sfi
Ps@NVY Sg rqg v@. @g
qgL ^ NPfikv t fi N@}gq
G i z }iTq z@ G@. S
q zPL SfiPt LV L fi
P Sfi@P N. fi NP, fi Sfi
, z fi @ z fi
Sfi@P N.
SgP z{z@ NP. SfiPt,
t fi LgqG i, PPv z
NLrG. PL rq z[GP
Tv, N [rv z[G zY
L Pirq Sfi@.

111 *

112 * P[@ @_@Vr

_@i

113 *

114 * P[@ @_@Vr


Lz NB PNY N
SgP NG@ _@ NzV
NYrq PgvV. _@ P
P Sfi. L L@ L NGP
_@}, _@@ @g NG@N @
NGP N@k P Sfi, _@ NL.
_@ J NB, B Ti_ @vP
Vg NP@. L zV V@P
i@P @rq @.
V@ NG@, Lz, Lz, k
z, z, Pz Sg PgvL N
Vg V Y@. Nvz, z, Gz,
vz Sg NvgvL Vg V
Y@.
gNY _@ J i _N@v
. Sg_ N@vP. s,@q zP q
zi rfiz@. @qg vLP
@ J SfiG @zNq Pig
z@. @NY P g@. _@ J
Y @ G _@ P.
i @fi@ q gvv@.
G _@GL s@ gvv@.
gP @ @ NP?
v N@v _LiY .
g g. ggv @vL @Lt
Y gV. V N@ i N@vPt,
@ N@vPt, Nvg VLt, N@GPg
VLt P V SYN P
zG, V zG fig fizV. _@ NPfis
@V SfiG @zg V@q@V _@ P
S[ Nz fi@. P _ gvt
@g @ g . @
115 *

 zNY z_@v. N q@V

NzP qg@V. qP. @
gv@L, Sqgz z, @>N@v
vk, Vg N, kN@ z u[P
_q S_q @ a [ q q
qP zfizV. L Ng fig
. N @@ N@T NYtz@.
Nfi N@ _@ Ng fi
NP.
NzV N@T _@g NP .
_@ PP @PL _@vg PiY. _@
Pg V Sfi@ LzPL. g
NG zz SY. _@ iLt z
@} . _@P Nvz V. P
_@ N|. @} L z zfi PP _
v v.
P @ @_@fl fiP z _@
P Pv z NG _@ J Sfi
g ^@V gqrqg fi@. s@Vv
_@ PPs L.
Lzfi LzPL. ifi zz SY.
L ggLs@ k ifi
zv@V. _@ vqPL.
J PzL@.
Y Sfig. N@ Sfi@
SPTv @ SfigV. Y zVfig
. P z^ @z SY. Sqg
z NP_G P qkL N
qg Sfi N@v. v qG @
zVfiP. L g Nz_ @PP NP_.
z @v PiY. N@ Sfi@,
@ Nzq Sfi Bg qfiPV.
v q PiY. s@ @
ig NV@ v v vP. _@ N| v
v v. _@v @}_ @ g NG
P v vV. NPv@L v.
P s @q qPP SY.
@ z z NP. z @v, L fi
[z Sfi ig NYq
116 * P[@ @_@Vr

g.
@P zfiz zfiz qg NG
fi v @qLg k zs, P
@i TvV. g NG P
v. fi_@}g N} v L Pi
rq P qq Nq V@V @gi
Sfi@.
_@ N| LgV@V@ Sfi@
zP@ dfi@ Jfi zP@V. zP P
V@V z @ zg NYs G
k vL. zG V_, N@Gzk, rg
NY@ fik . s@ SPP Sfifi
@@. G@ L sg zP P
@V, Sg PL SL @fi@v Sfi
t@ dYg .
NzV@ dfi@ z @ zt,
V@q@ @g @@. Y_ @q@ N z
Nzg _@. Vg NY@ N@k Vg
N@v q, NG az@. Nv@
P v@. V qrq q
@ @z @^ g . _@z
k_ N@V z qfi@. _@ N|
NP.
fi ^ L P zq SfiP.
N NPzL z. g NGPNV
v q z lr uq, N @Vg
qfiz. cfiz N@q ufisLt vv
N. z@ ufiT z. NGP
J vG Nz k NYtz. a g
@q_G N L.
SNzfi @q z@ NP?
_rv @v.
NP. NYt. _@@s
firv. NG NL.
Ss@ P Pg rgV. z^
z@gq k V Prv. L SL fi
fi @ ukrv Sfig. SPg Ng
X s@ N@}@P @ zqrq
.
117 *

 SNzfi @ @q z@
NYGL z@gqL.
fi P NYrqg G. P
Ss@ fi^ qg Ytg NG@g fi@.
NP ~. L N z@q _@LV
VVg
Nv.
Y@
N@qL
LzV N@q NPg^ N@ gq,
k N@ _L { Pg NPq V
lrq Yt@v lrq q zv.
NG Nza r> z Jifi@@. Sgg LL,
SPg NP . LP @q fi
zfi@.
Sg P Vg N .
VgN zg G@.
Sfi@.
SfiP Pfl _qg @.
q@@ N@ > N@v. Sz qdY,
NPfis GN@G Yg NV@^ Sg
P. _@v @ zY qqz,
_@ @g P z@q _L
V >g Nrv.
NG rv. V@ N@}@
z Nzk Nkrq, NP V@V
Nrq @vgv z Sfi. VN@L.
@qzv k. NGP Vg NG
@. Nv@Vg NG L N@P @v.
> _@ @ z NGP d.
_@vg vgq. q.
v LNP. P Lg NG
rq _@v NYv.
NL N@}@, _@ NPfis, N
V@ N @vgvP NG@. LzfiP
SgP Sfi.
@gV Sfi, Vg V
uvv@. Vg V [P vL lrg Y
qg@. NVg VL g SY. Y
qG v VL N V qg@.
NVL r Y G@ zg@.
118 * P[@ @_@Vr

 zPt VL @G
@z>g@. NVL z@g qz@.
N@k zVPgNG SgP. NY@^
P ig. z@ iq iq NzVvg
z@. NVg V@P Sfi,
z NzVr, Pfl q, q , NzG NGr,
fl NPz, Sg P Nz Nkrq N@v@.
SP z k @gV lrrq NzVvg
@.
NzVv V@ NzVv NV@
NzVvv. @v@. NV
SfiG @k @, @} , Pv_@Yt,
P NzVqGP. V@ NzVqGNPt@ @
q, N_, @ Sg P NzV qv,
N g@ N@, Nv @[P
Sfi@. V N@}@ z^ NzVvgfi Sg
@v>@ zz@.
_@ gvz SY. _@VTv
@VP Y zrfiz. zNzg
q zfi P N@vPL NPY
@VP gq qg. NzV@ N@v
PL, Yt SYPL NzPg N@v
N@vk iq pi _@^ qg. i
_ N@vPL, z iLg NG SfiG
NP, N@v S@V _@^ qq, Y
[ P NY@ rv qg. zG z{ SY
_@^ i @[ NP@V q i.
N@P z NkP V@V @g
LV. N@P zL, @ q@^g
z Nzq, _@ NPfis@V Sfi N
V@V z iqg z Nkq,
P z_rg q@.
@V i_L, s@ q@ _@ NPfis Sfi
Nl P Sfi. z Nz@g Lt
Nk z z_@g Lt Pvz
zg@.
rv Nq tq@ a. fi
, . q@^g Ytg NG@, @ ^
r^g NG@g >s_ qg z.
119 *

Ytg NG@ LPLt NYrv Sfig.

fi Pvz NzG NG@g L. SPg
@NY PP NV@ zv. Y
i@g NY@ @ vg . S[qg
{vk Nz@. S_ N@k Pg
L, zq Pg@@ Sfi@@. _@q
@V [krq i@. z@ @ v
v. Sg NYs Lg
Sfi. g Lg i z. v_N@V q
rq SfiP.
L SY . z qg
fiz. gv.
Nq fi Sfi@. Sk NP
NGrqg z. gV_ @g gqG.
NLY PL Pvz P z Ytg NGrqg
fi@ NP?
gNY Lg Sfi@P ?
@V zP L Nz ? _@@s, NGL
NzG@ N@ q N@rv NL.
>g i L NP. NPfigN
@^@ NP. fi P_@g i>. fi
N rv Nfi_@ uvv. S NP SP
Gr v@ v Gz^@, >g i P
Gg z^@. @P N@^@ g
LP z^@. fi NYt
@. NzG N@v lrrq q zv.
Nq @[ _@ q zP. z
_@v, Nzi, Sz ig V Pzfl
v NYt. N@V@P N@V zrq
NY@Vv G q Y SY.
_@ @v fi z_rq z s@ zifi,
P \ zifi > NLq gq,
i iV Pzfl v NYt_@P
NYqg G. Sg NLP @q
rqfi k NL.
Pzfl vv. NY@V u
@qzL@. P_ N@Vg P
Pzfl qz.
120 * P[@ @_@Vr

LN@L NP. Nzfi vkNY

q@P uqq SP @fi@vg q z NY
G. g qqg. qL.
L Pzfl q SfiPt,
Nz@s Sfi. Pzfl v g Sfi
NL NLg rq SfiP.
rv@.
rv NYG. Nq P Sz VLt
rfiz Nfi@. N@NY dL_rrq zPg
i. v_@L g agq z_@z
q qq q ai Sfi.
gNY Sg agv uvv@. N
z @ z@ NYG@.
P @ N@v {G. @Vz @q_
@@. Sg NYs @z zfi.
L P Nzzdfi@. N@ v@V
@} q q@ g zrq
Sfig. tfi t NzP v@. NVg
V@V zrq SfiG z Nfig
zrq SfiG N@}@. q V Sz@V
z @ Nz? NYt. _@ NV@
VL N@ qfiz@. z fizg
VNY_ N@q Nq zfik NqP
z zP.
@qrqfiP _@v. _@ g
@} qqP?
_@ v_@r k SfiP. _@
N|P vL q qv. z z
vL. Nz Nt@ NB @q
P@Y aL. Nz NPY P_@ vP
qq qg v. zL N@rq
z LP zv? zfi Nq V@Vg
Ng q, Nq @} v. P@i.
N| g NP?
r zV L @ qv. _@
N|g zV q N@ v. NP z
. a zV @q T. fi Nt
i vz NYG. z} rq Sfi.
121 *

_@g N|g L s zL.

q@? _@q V
@z @L.
@, @ @vV qN. NPL
Y NYP. g@ @ z
Nkq zq SNz Nz V@ ? dfi@
igN. v NL Sqg vz
Nz^g. fi _@BN@ @ N@
qgv. Nz_ @ q_@.
rq SfiP. Nzr
uvL.
LgVPL G. V
NV Nz@ ? z L k }
P v NGfi@? @@ iY. NP
P@g SY. Nz L @g? g _L
aLs@ Nz@ zPt, Nv, g
N@Ytz }zg qg z
. fi z NYt.
z @vg V, P N
N@^ P. Y G@P }
uqqg v.
NN@g V fi zVP@?
s@@fi Nq fiP rv^@.
Pz @k Pfl @z. Vz V z
rq SfiP. JvPv rv.
> NN@V zP. z
> @ gq NY @v qg
L.
NN@^
k z
Sfi.
N@v @ q z Nkrq
SfiP. s_@@ Pz^g iL z
fi. L z SLk v_@@. L z
Sfiv JfiV rv@.
SL N @vgv.
fi ^ SPgig
rfiP@.
s Sq zr N
zY. zY. z v_@@N SfiGP z,
@v>@ ^@. Pg V z pL z
122 * P[@ @_@Vr

Nk @qL z Sg NYs
_@ NL
SP vs SfiG NzV@ Pfifi
i N@q @qL, v_@
i, v> P qg@V. Jfi Pfi
fi NL@. @g .
L fiq @B N@^@}@ Sfi@.
_q Nzfig g G. fi V
N@q @v. s@ k N
v. z NL . Nzq
z. NV SYP q fi v.
V gqrqg
z. _ @v.
L, qg q @v? NYq
fi z qg v .
V i qg q
_@ q zP. g z g
q zv? _ @@s firv
NL.
Jfi @fi@P NPL vsg
G@V. s@Vv v.
@NY @ L_@. s@Vg
XL bNzfiPfi @d N@}@ Sfig@.
s@ P gg Pt } s zv
Sfi. V N@}@ N@ Si>
@ P_@ } z_r P@ v@. P_@ N
q P } q zrq NPL
Pg@. s@ z^ vgqG@ fi fl
.
gg L @v LP NYG.
i L NL@? _@ @v.
i L NL@V; @B,
N@Y q Si>v PdYv@.
PTfii SfiPP Vz NY, fi Jg
q, i, v> qg NL@. Nq
qg NG z NL@.
P vs XL z@q zi.
q z_G. q z@V L_@ q
zqP Sfi@. N@ _@P @V
123 *

zfi@V. G^@, @vP@P z_r

irq ifi v_ N@}@P. SP
z@^ NLL @VNY_ N@v
T@@_@. NYs _@ fiz @
@v.
Nzi, SNLfi Nz NP L. P
i Sfi NzV@ P@ NzV NzV
Sfi@@. P@i@ LPP i^@V.
i_@ Sfi@@. NYs _@
@v SNPL fiz_G. S_@ JP
NzV@ d@ NzV@ P@ SfiP@.
N@ @Y @?
P NY z. P@P gL,
s@ zVG >@ v NzVP Sfi. @g
@ q fiz Sfi. NY @s
_L @ifiP vi @ NL.
Sz NzV N@T N NLt
NfiP NY. _@V L @Li@L NL
rv.
@z zfi. NP N @V,
q z NYGL. gg flq
. i V @qgfi. >@Vg
q _q S_q @ . g bNz
@q Nv N@^g N@v. L P
P}g >L NL@? @ g >@V.
>@ N@}@ v yirq
@L P? _ @, Ysvfi, @
q P zV@@. NG NzV Sfi@N @L
Sfi Sg NYs fiz g >
N@}@ g P.
NG vi NL S_@ v q
q @, Ysvfi dv z_r
i_@. _@ fi >@^ q vP.
SNPY_ @q rv @v.
, > fi Pvz qg _
N@ks N z@, _@_rvg
@^. _qg Lt @} @P Vzv_
N@}@ . Nv V@V t N
qg @qL L?
124 * P[@ @_@Vr

 _@ >NY gqg @ .
_@}LP qg . _@v, N
Vg V@V _q S_q qg @
v_.
L @[P gP NG@. SP
S_L SfiG > N@v v >g @g
svv_@. L rr SP @tg
z. V@ NYG fi i@Pt P
P Sfi. z@Vi .
V @vNt {vk Nk qz@.
NYrv fi P Nfirrqg
v.
fi P@V iLg NG
v_@@. J s@Y, L NzV
, i^ vs i fi z_r
q N @ Sg @@
v@.
gP NP NPfi @, @ fi
L NL. SP r_@G J fi_@P, fi
Sfi@. zfi @ fi P N@
uv, VYP g Vg r N@v
P. P V@q@ kfiP. iV
zfiv N@q @q_@V.
, SPk Nk fiz .
L P q NLgV z, zP Pg
NG Sg rv fi zL z
dfi L zP NLfi. ai @P
z. Sg NYg _@ uqv.
SP@v @, g Y
dY_@P. fiq zs@V i@
@V L. Sz N@v@, Sz zG N@v zP
Sz P @g z. g _@^ fi
i SfiL, q zq z N@
z _PL NYq z_@. _@ _@
qg_@ Sg P_ q@s
s Nk.
z NbzN@ z gq @ NL
rq SfiP . L L i_@
N@ T_@ @{ gv v_@v.
125 *

Sq
_@ NPfis@V V@ kv qV
L z tN@ iL ^ P t
V @zg@. PgiL ^ k V@
P z Nz @_@. z N@.
fi V fiP NP@fi@ SPv_@L V
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z_r i_@ qg@.
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q LNPLP z^@. z^@
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N u[P, N s N@vqz@. S
126 * P[@ @_@Vr

P Sfi , s@, v, v
q z@. P NP@_@^ i v_
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q SLfi @ v_ Sq fiNLi
z rfiz@. fi Nks@ Sg
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fi q^ tV SfiP. _@
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^ v_ z@
uq_@ _ @v.
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@V. Pgq L NP .
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127 *

i @ @ fi&
^t zv Pq
N@V ^t ^zv Pq
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t zN@fi@ N@z qz^@.

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v.
tg q_r vgNG N@} Nzq
z V N q@@ N@}
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zg @. @vL zLt P
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G_r a Nz, @Y v@V uv, N
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v N@v. N@} NzqG, NzzrG,
d rG, Y V@ z. L
s@^ V i. NV@^ P z
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fi^ gP @Ytv lr
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v u[v. q N@} u[
z NP Ng. P q SY.
L vfiP t N_rg . P>@
g irq qz z @
J SfiP @sNq Pi N@q
128 * P[@ @_@Vr

Nq v@.
NzP @Tgq _@V L. _@
zP. q [@P ^ rY.
s k qP NPfik. @[ Sfi @t
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fi zfi L@.
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L zfi_v @v vg L V@
Nq fi, Nq_ N@g V@, @vgfig
iq zi q Ng @.
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zfi@ fig @ fiP @ zfi@@. Sz^@
fig ig vv @v fiP @r
z@V L z. @Pz L
NYz zfi@. SPg P@i @^, fi
zP @q i_@ Sfifi@. Nzz
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zi qrq N@vfi@^@. _L sg L
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L z@ Nq fik Ng lrq
z NP@. Pks NPt [ N@q g
NP@. i zP Lr V, N@,
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P N@ qgL.
z@q z{ Y l rv
v zP. i L _@ P
q. LL N@NY q_. N
L _v @ N@v JVq.
ig i N@v @vgq
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129 *

N@k^ @[
z
Nzg@
v. s@ P_@ L^ zg
L. Nq fi @V q@, @@g
L@. z N@v@P _@q NzGg
NzG N@v T @k @L@.
fi^ NzG NGrq, zLgGP NzY
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Nfigrfig dY. v@q }Y Ng
Nr N@v@s. _L NzG N@v
J>q NP Vg @fi@. @
N Pfl vs Nq z P@
qq zfiz fi@. P
N@dv k V zfi Sfifi@fi.
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JfiV z z v Vrv NYs,
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Y. vPP NYgL >P s q
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fiz. S> P P NzG N@v lr
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v @ s, P @ fl@
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g, _@rv z NYG. zG fi
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V Nq @_@Vs q
N@ zqP _@^ P@zY qg@.
130 * P[@ @_@Vr

^g NG fl@ N NzG
N@qzP P vrv Nv
Pz P @girvfi.
_@ SL z@ Jv q
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NL N@}@ Pv q i JvP
vfi.
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v@. NV@ _@L_L i a z@ P
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J N V@, Vzv_@, Lg NY@ v
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L G @. i @ SfiG J. i
Sfi Sg vrv N @z. n@Lz
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v >g.
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i. NV@^ [G V@V vr i
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N@k z i z a z@
P^@.
131 *

SL i , S Nq
fi _@v Nfi @v qg
} z_rrq rq SfiP. @ q
NP > gq, > N v
gLLfi. P N v ^
uq gq zP. NYq L v
i vPg Pfi. NG P N@vP v
q k NPvq z v P
qq, SL _@q NzG NG@g L
i@>v @ ^, NPfi NY
@, P @ fl@ NzG@v
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v N _rfi@@. >
NP _L fi zPzfi vfi.
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L N NYt_@ N v NLfi.
s@ Nq fi SP a@@V. s@ rv
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.
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N v NY vP vrq,
fl@ L NYG? N Pv @vfi.
fl@ @@ v@ arq NL
NP NL s v@. PgV L
L NzG N@v lrfi. _L
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132 * P[@ @_@Vr

rvq. NzG N@v lrq zfi

zV vz{ v _L @.
P , L NYG?
P NYG NP_@. t v
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L zv. s@ g zP@v
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NY qq z N@P NPv
q, P NP_@ uv kv SfiP.
g NP P, NLNPY N?
P rq >g @v . SYL
NPvv zP N v _r N
Lfi. NV@ v SfiP @, P@
Yfi dL NzGN@v lr
v. L NzGN@v lr uqq L
P fl@ zP@. v _q Sg
v@ . a S. SP NP S
q _r. z [rq fiGfi. PL PL
N}_rrq SfiP V@V k
fi fi, SPg Nv @[P@NVY Sg
vP @ flq @V di zB. Nzv
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gq, SP fig i, @V @Y u[
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@YtN@}@ a@? >g@^ , >
v @z NYq V @z
Pv P.
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v _rv Pg v@ Nn Lfi. Pg
v NYq P [P.
133 *

vL v SfiP V_@ Nfi,

i, @vP N@^ @ P Pg@ v
NP lrg qGP. SzV [rq
Sfi@ { Pfiz. Sg @iq
vv, SzV Nzfi NLdY .
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rv@.
S fi P q . NV@
@fi N@kg fi N}_rrv SfiP_@.
P NPP V N@q@g fi
@. Sz vq s PT
gN JfiV z zG i NYqg
v. _@s P vg z uqq zP
NzG N@v lrP. LP Sg
NYs,
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v Sz@rv NY z{ SY. Jv V
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v_@@. Sz@ P rvP @qz@.
P NPv @vNYt @.
z ~P Nirq z@ _@ P
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SP @qrqfiP P NL, L
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z ^@V q@ _rv g Yt a@.
Sz Nkfig.
s@ zg zfi@ Jk Nz.
g NGP V v NP. P zLz
J v N@v Nz@L. NYg
L, Nz V, @i @v N dig, Pfl
@v N @[sz NYG@. VL
fi , NVL fi , Sg
z^@^V zzPk Nkrq SfiP^@.
> V@V N@kg fi z NV
@Vg zk P fiP v z q Nz
uv@.
134 * P[@ @_@Vr

 s@, Sg @Yt i
a L NL. SPgi NPY Sfifi
@. q u[ >g @^ NYq rv
aL.
}NY NgLz i
arv SfiP. .
s_@ @z z V V Gk
v. g Nz^i qg
arq [P. kNY.
NV@q NV PL Pvz NY
g a@ fi.
NPk Nkgq Sq V@
NY a@Pg fi, fi fizP zv.
SN@v fii SPg Vg q
SPgq q@V. Pg fl@P
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Pv Nk @g fi Nt i z
v_@ NY @ L @ aL
LP Y Sfi _@P. i@_rv
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Sq i z@ v z, V
Pg @ ? zL Pg NkfiPt
@@ zq Ss@^ P G NPvPg
q @GP uqq JfiV @@P uvz
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i@@ @@V uq V q
NL NLg Sfi@, NY @s,
sk P. P N.
V@ NPY NP Nz@, >
NY q. v NPv_Lfi.
vL tqq [P g V ,
Sfi N@V v P @@q,
NYq, L NzzNP Sg s @
SgP Jfi v zfi. @q @@V
fi@
Nvv

NG@.
NPY _ @qg . VgL
zNz s@rvPL @. arv
V L z.
V z s@ @ z
135 *

 @Y u[ >g @v. fl@P fi

@Y u NY. NG ^ z,
fl@ z NPv v@.
NvP v_r q_r Sfifi@.
V k Nz. SzV z z z
fi @ v NY qfi.
fl@Pv zN@q pi
z fi PV N@v
zfi. pi z qq z_rqg
@. @z z SYL SgPk Nz@.
z SgP N@} z
u[ vfl i Sfi zfi@. @
@q SY. s@ V @ Lv NY
SfiP fizgL, N@v Nv lr
NL. Nv v rv qP.
NG Y q@^ @k L@.
P qNPfi r NL, Sg a
NPv z_@V. L z i
@ qg Ytg LzV YtN@v
lr uqGq z lr uqq g N
Nv q @r Sfi@ P @q@g N.
NPv @L. qzL. PgV
_rv NYrq [. L P Nz NY
fiP z@. iP sq
NPv qz@. V L Nkt
NV@ P z T.
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v, PgN > S[qg P
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a vg zgfi z_r NPv_
N@. S> g z Pg L_
N@vP ifig. uqP^. L
SfiP G_ @B l_@_G @} _@
Pg L_ N@vPL uirq Sfi.
gv PTqg @v g_ @
qg k. Sg L Nz.
q G_P q v.
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136 * P[@ @_@Vr

zY. SP>@ @sg q l NP_rvv

Y NL. @ [rv SfiP. z
P_@ L, [@P@. q G_
PY NL. @v P_@ NN@ G@
[fi [@s zVP l_@zq
qP. qrv [P.

137 *


Jv a @zgvP
L G@z . zV NL@ NL@
Ng z Sfi. fi i@ z SfiPt
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q zv NzGgL NV@V J
v uqfiP, N N Nzgqg
fi. g NV@V Sg Y
v r z@@ L N@vkrv
N@v.
N @ rq, N@
P z NGL N iPL Sfi@.
z v Sfi@Y. N@
v@VP uvv@. Sg LV
NLrq _@ rv, , J N
PL; L Jv u
NY Sfi@Y Sg @@s, Sfi
tV NzP iB @q Sqrv
NL, NzVqg G. N
z L z. Nv NGP
L t V@ qG N a@
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v J qL, _@V @k Pfl
qq q@VP Sfig. Sgg fi, N@
vNY z@ @^@. PL
Nzqgq qL^@. N@L NP. V@
NYGP _@ v v_@
fiP Sfi. L N[ vg
Y N@L @qrq N@v@P.
g V@ L NLt g
fi . NV@ L NLt Pg
PL? L N@v @s Sg @v.
138 * P[@ @_@Vr

Lt, PgLt NV@ z

NPG v. L vP NYgfi,
P diP rv. S_@ qY
@ SgP. NV fi P
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q z q Nq Pvz
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fi Sg LV NLt rv NY.
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i, NvL fi iPL v|@. Sg fi
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@V, L NY_ @@ fi. LN@L
z @k Pfl JP >z v@.
Sg @@?
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Sfi@ P? _@ P v, @v,
G_@ v Y q@v, gGgq@
v, k P a @t NfiNzg rv
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qP|@. z v NPY gvv.
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gv. L L _@ SY?
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NL@. NP@ v SNPY qfi@Y.
@? _rv ifig @v.
L qfi ? L q i
NYG.
>P @ z@ iY. P @
NV@ bzVz N@v v^@.
_@ @ z@ g zP NzV@ P
fi@ q Nn BL@. q NP@
NY P, i @k Jig @ z@.
139 *

N@ k_N@V vv.
P@ L qfi NL,
Q@gqPs,
, P ifiz^zfi Nv
Y, fiL gv zq @ Sfi
u^G g fi@ J i q @[sY.
N N q z Sfi Nfi@.
P @v qg v Lz. g SfiP
V@ gvg NGP NV@ gqfi@@.
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Pg? L Pg? gv z NPfi LP
gq N@vP i N@v@ zP. SPg
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v v _@ v
v zNY NPV v
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zfiz zfiz z P
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q fig v.
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NG@.
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zg. L Grfi@ ugdY dY.
140 * P[@ @_@Vr

NYrq gq g@. gNY

Pg N@V z_rq P N@d NL
. z Sg NGg Ng
z@ @rg .
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P qrq Sfi@. Nv rL v
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q gfl NYs Yfi fi
v.
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fi Nv NzVq v z@P ,
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q@V SgL @Y P.
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, > Sg _@ Yfi g fi
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gq fi @B v
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141 *

i@ zfiz@. _@V uvz v_@@.

L s@, NV@L @
v_@@.
J Pz ifiV v@_ v@ v
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NV z q t g@V Ps
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fi Pvz gP fi v@ v@. v
L v gNfi v. v@ NPv_@ L
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L .
Lz@ Sg z Yg Nt
rv SfiP v@P gg qGP. Sz@ v@P
qPL fiP Sfi N@vP N@q v
@@V v uv NPNPfi NL.
v@ z i>.
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L P s rs Sfi@? g
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nz NYs,
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r NY @s @ SfiP P>
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142 * P[@ @_@Vr

Vg N_ N@v@ Nzg SfiG

NV Pzg vY. P zifi @
NzgPL Sfi@. zV V_ @
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g NYg v@. v@_@.
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gq qfi. NG fi z{ v@P NP
@.
v @q . vL r P,
fiP i fiP g L@. P P
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z@. zGNfi fiP @q S[@NYt_
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N@vT uv , SP @qq qg fi
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fi. SNPL NPfl, @ G
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143 *

Sfi zP z_rq zfiz^@. Sg @fl@

lrq NV@P z^@. V@ N
lrq @Y qs v LP PP SY.
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v L^@. Sz r vg L. Y
@ N Sfi. rv N SY. Pg
q fii L Sfi,
SP N@^ rPg fi. @fl@dY
BdY Vv V fig GPg fi. Nz
@_N@v @[P P NYs, r ifig
fi NG NGq zfi L. zfifiP fi
rq SfiP @{ @irv .
zV fi @{g q N q
N@vfi@^@. SNPY sfiPLdY. @t
V @{ @P uqrq NPfi
Ng NL.
zP @{g qqg G. P
q @. z zfi@ NP.
dv q@ fi. z NV
@{ NP fi. Sg L @fl@g
z> k g Sfi.
bNzfiPfi N qq d
k z}_rqg L@. fii N @{
SY. @v r rirv zs V
G zfiP @{ q dv qP. @{L
NG@ qrq, m @ @.
@tV SfiP q L .
dfi L NGL NP. @{
z_Lzfi vvL NG@g q @s
uqg rqg q PfiL L @{
g @ uqvfi. @{ u[@s S
Nfi P qq @tV q. NG
L @ifiP NY@ g fi fi
zV @{g q N@q dfi _@Vs
@gqq zP@. @Y Yfik fit
r q @. z^ g z Sfi.
Lt g vrrq G@ k z}_rq
144 * P[@ @_@Vr

q Z qs v z v
N_@t v. V@^ k fiq
NG N@k , @tV L g,
P N@v @[P@. fi NzzP Sfi@. NY
rq NV@V PqL@.
SPg r Sfi@V; Sz N@fiP,
z fiP @t zfiz. zPL
dfi qq zfi zfi @t, @, uqg
L uv NPq NPq P_qg. dfi
N Pg zfi. SzVg @gvg
fi Sfi@@.
ifi _@V J qg g@.
g_v V@P PV qrq q
g@. NV@V PL fi q
fi qg g@. L Sz fi N
Vv q @ uvdY. gvdY. k
Lg V Sfi ifi i
NV@Vg qg d g^@. Sg
Pv agv@.
NV@Vv N N Pz@s,
@z@sP Sfi. @q@@V i@@v
Sfi Pg@. @t @_@V SP d_@
rrq, @vs^, , @ Nz _@P
L, z @V N@v@. zPt
@k @L q qP SY fi_@
v Sgv.
V V Nrv SfiP v
L ? Y gq Pfl_ N@v.
V@P _ @v @.
i zi SY N@G @ v
. Vg N NPg NG @gv N
V@ NgG. vL V@ qP @}
qr@. q @qgq NL, V
N v_@. Nk N_ N@Gkfi. g
s SY L PL q @qgq
Nkrq zP, g NG Lg @q@
@V z N _G@. z Nz N L
gq g N@v? NV PL
q q. s@ @G @T P Sfi.
145 *


Pg NG@s NzV v
NL, SP zfi @@V N N@v.
z@q@V NzVk, , P_@
@@g @L Nq v NYt
P. z NG@s L fi @}_@
@L NYt z. _@@ k
Nv. k N@@ Nq fi Sfi@
V fi Nz Sfi@.
_LV @ P zrq SfiP @
N@T SP @qrq NL. iV Nz
NB @q z zfi a@@.
@}_@ @ @@g NYG.
SP @ N@T fi @. _@ Lg
V@V zV N@T gqz.
g gv N@T N @z zfi. P}
@g[ @L Si>@ fiLs qP
@z@. gP @. L SP @
N@T q fiz vN Nv P
@ g. fi vv_@
@v.
fiNz q @L, [
NPL g fi@ z Pqgqrq [
g SY. Nv @ qg fi.
[ T[T[ NPvV @v @v
G_. vfi @v @q z_r zrq
Nv [ @qrv qL PzdP_
q N@}@ Sfi. Sg NYrv
_@^N@LNP NgN@ _@V
zkrqg z.
zrv qP @g @v zs
z_@. q@vt z z
Sq Bz. fi z irq
146 * P[@ @_@Vr

v S[ uqz. z Pg q Sfi@
v Yfi vrfiz@.
@ N@T NLP @q NzV
qdY, L @z z.
vL N@Tg , , i@^P
gV@@ v v z ar@V,
@fi v. kPg qg. fi
Lt zfiz @sq Nk N@^. SPg
Nirq _q fig
P NqP
v; zkrv v NL. z
N@v@P z v. qg P. NP
@ fi fi v P N@v. NqP
@Vi z NPG NLN@qg zv.
SP N@T N fiz qz. N@
k fi z^ @q Nz
zk . @L qP.
N@T Tfi N@vP t P
N@vg qrq, Sg NYv@
iV. Sg Nz N@}@ u[G.
_@, PTg N@. _@ z NPP.
J @qg fi. g NGP Vv i
Vv z NP. s q J
v @zgq, N@qgq aL @Vig
gfi . l... tfi N@}@ G.
cLL SfiL @, N@}
u[ Ng_@, g@[q, @irv
@ q J>rqg v @ N@T.
> _@ zP i> @
@v zrv zP qP? zP
gNq z L NPdY...
_@ P vv zP qP. y
L s V L @>N@v_ N@}@
zV z z z. NYrv @k
@ ^ @ fiz^ q v.
SP @ N@T NL@ @z_
@z z. zV rv J NYt
z@. _@ P @tg q Nz qk
zfi SP N@T v zPL Yfi zV
uqq v v q@^ fiz.
147 *

L Szv zP _@ rq z V@rv
z Nq fi @ z q uqqg
z NqPz. fi gvv.
fi^ _@V N@vg
fiP. g NP @q@ zg G
_@ NPfi NV@^ g zP@. g fi
@v fi z_rq pi q v
@qq Sfi@ @ N@T zP. vL
P^ P^_@ N@. Sz^@V qP
G LG NYrv, NP,
@ J@gV q_@, @q z_L.
zVg @s _@^ gL g q
g. L z P q fi
, fi P^ SNLfi P
NP V NP_@ uqfiP. ^@Vg
G z^ NP qz L. @gPL
z_z@ _@ rv fi,
_@ v , Pfifi@ @g z
qP fi@. _@v SfiP N@t V
Pr , L @VNzq @g
N@qG @qq fi.
Ng, z, Nz NP@
PL, q @t i z^. SP
z Sq NVvtPL Gz N@
v v L N @ir. @@V
NP, @g N@q G @Y GP,
@v@ NP @ Nv NYs,
Nfi NLfi. g @v L Pg?
V NP_@g qrq , P
@qfi@. @g fi z_rqg G? @fi
z_r NL?
SP NY@V, S @g @
Jirqg G. SV L @}
N@}@ d_rrq SfiG vk .
S L @V _@ @ lr
g v@. P lrq z vk
@} Y N@gq Nv @
Jiqg G. @qPL Sg
J@g V z_L. NYq z qg
148 * P[@ @_@Vr

G. Nfi @fi. _@^ firv

N@v v. L _@
q zP vL NGg rv V [
NzP NY fi fi zG }g .
Sfi N@TG fi V
[ fi z. . V NY
v . N@T @ qrq nG P.
q @z zfi z^.
NzV NL N@}@
P_@ gqrq @@gL. zY zg, @V
q z Nz N J
vg Li vv L@. ^
z@ Nzg Pg . NzV
rv fi [rv NL, k NP
P _qg Lt zs z_@ z
Sfi. Pg N k PL N@Gg PL?
Sg SP JgN @ z zPNPY
^@.
SP @@s L [@ z. N
V@v NV@^ @_ @v v_@@
V @v Sfi. N zPL
Sfi. z N@ z zP_rg. >
NB V fi_@q zPt, SPgN@
@vP @P NY N@qg qz@. L
P > @ P NP. P_@ zG v_@r
a@. qPz^ VG i PP zV a@.
fi Nq N@fi a@v. aL J
z N q, NYq Nfi uv.
a Vv @> _L
zs Nz_rv L N@v firq
N@vPP NL. s zrrv
PY. @ @ Nz_ @z q q
v Y. n@Lz SfiP V @v>@
NY @zgqiv@.
SP @v @> q @z z
fi. Sz [_@ SfiPL fi g G?
NfigYN N@ zfi? L_ N@qg L SzV
S> Nz_N@vg G. N PgN fl@
@ N@ qPP . zG z{ SY.
149 *

@> @Ps [P.

r zV L @ qP N@}@,
Pg Nt@ z@gv NY@. Nzk
L @gN. z Nzg v. S
gg Pt q vqz. @k
rG v vsz v PPLY.
@V @ Nq Pvz Njtg q
zfi@. NYs @>
. yg Pzq Nz v.
Nz L NG, L flg
@ @> NYG P q. zG
fi z@gv L Sg @> @{N
z@ P. Pg N
fl@@ N@ zv, @Y}d L L
i Sfi. NG qP V@V @ i.
v SP L NYs,
fii v v q. PgNt fi
NB q@P Sq V @}
NN Sfi@. z z@qg
Nq N @s NP_@. NYq N@vP
qrq Pfl q@g v.
z NYG vt zG
L NG . L z
NG@s @> a V
N fl@ N@ zv. z
z@gvfi NPL, , di, P
z_rq ufi N@G ufi rv .
z@ NLg @ L
V q _@ Nzg z. zL
i@g N BL Sq Sz {g
q, Sz z@z rg v@.
NV fi {NYt zv qP
zN@i. N N fi @
v@. zV NYs uvv@. zLz rg
Nt N@ zq z NPtk N
tk P[rqG@. z L. zV
Sg rz qg @q N@P
N gv Sfi.
S P NPfis PL fi NV
150 * P[@ @_@Vr

SfiP. z @P @v NV NG@z
v NLg.
P _@ NPfis Y N@ Nz
Sfig. zV Y z^ r^ qL
Y @fi NV N@}@z Sfig. L
PzLt z z_ PzGz PzG. z^
SvdYP v z fl zt@v N@
qfi@@. zV fi @v, Sqg vzv
v v q @}@ NPfi@NvY q
PP S[ N@v q g.
fi N@v q _@
q ifi zrqfiP. _@ NPfisV
N P Pv [@P @q. rv
P L @`fi rq zfi. Sqg
vz N@q, P z fi i i q.
z v v. zVv NzP NP
vzfi v vNY Nz Nz Pqg g
u^ N@v. zV q @tq dirq
Nz qP Sg NLt L v
Yfig . z zV z S[rq
v@V NLrq Sfi@ _@ zP
@P Pv P vfi. L
PLv? fi NV zNG
rvP? N@k_v @dY Sg N@YG?
SP @v P fi _@ i@
Ps N@G. z t fi SP v
z@ z_rq z? Nv g.
N@Ytz. kg rqg , NYq
@v, @v NY gq z.
@V P@. g Nrv z, Sg N@v
zP NY zkrq S N q.
_L gvs@V zNPgq, SNz
g NL Nzr uv. dfi@ ig
Nrv LP NY . fi Nz
Lt zV s @. Nrv
L@.
L NkNY vrq fi i
Sfi. q z _@v NL,
L Sg P N@v gLt
151 *

@. Pg @ z Sfi.
z@gv L@ z N@}@
P. P Yg NY@^ NV@V vr
N z@@. Lt SzLg G
V PiY, _@ NYq Nfi
uv.
NP _@ _rv NL, PgV
q N fi^ fiPL. z q Ng
@P Sq N@ NP_@ ufi. _L
zY NY @g qq, ...... J, J...
J...,& fl@V P q gq, @^
JG Pfl Jiq SfiP P. zV gq P
Sq fi @P Ng N@ NP_@
uqfi@ @v. z it NYL
qV Sfi z fi Nz z NYG,
P i>, _@Vg Sg t fi @q Sz
N@G @gq P N@NP_@ ufi
@. SP @v P , NP_@
Tfi@. z Nvi fi_@ z^ Sfi@.
z g v@P NzqL NYq
@. N@k_v Nk cdYP T.
SP @vg NG L i z.
Sg Sz_v Sfi @vgv. SzL
uqq P>g L L? z_@N
Sfi@Y, _ @v.
z@gvgNG c .
tV P qPg NG @ Pg
? v B P Sg qrq
P Sfi@. _@ Sg NYs LV
@z, z@, _@, , t, Nzg Sg
L }s z.

152 * P[@ @_@Vr

x
Nzi, @qr _@iN?
@ L q qGV, NY
rv _@ zP.
vL _LV L @[Trv SfiP
vv q, fi N|N qfi. g
q? @qrv @ @[Tq fi
zP.
vv q_@G LVv vgfi.
fi zVv Ng NY gvv@.
vv qP NYz@. J@ @Vv
q q q q q z_rq zfiz@
Nfi. Pq fi NPg SYN Nz S[P
S[g g q i i. N@}@P
L^ Sfig. P z fi vv q.
@L @ _L gv qg fi
zk qq v P@.
Nqg fi s NPL @
Lg i Nzz NY . [ q
q SfiP v lr v v
qq @ @[T_ @[zt NYGP
@@ qL.
L NP_N@ LgV q Nq
Ytg NGrq zfiz zfi @q
N fi@. L @[Pv gqrqg
v. P N[^G vg
fi@. NYfi@ L
g NYt _@ P N@}VPL L
@ Nv u^ NP@.
NY @L v SfiP NV@ Sz fii
v rq, z NzV N@T [k
NYq; L @Ps L z rv.
NzV NP NL. Yg
153 *

NGrrq N@ lr N@}V
v u[P P_@q iq
itg fi@ N@. P Nv
P v N@qL N@}@ @@ fi
rv N@} qNvfi afi. g
YtN@v l@N Nzig qg
z qPzPL. @k Pfl NY @
N@vfi@. fiPfi fi Nzz NP.
SL NzN@ s NY qG.
NY q N v q Si> N
zV zrv.
@@ vNY Y P.
vv q NL.
_LV qG _ @v.
SP Pflfi N@vfi@@.
NY qg g @P, zg V@V
@v v q.
Sq V Sfiq Sg g Pg
@Vi v_qP?NPfi @ @v.
S @V NPN @t
@vP @P qg fi@^@. P.
v NiNY Pg V g qrq
Sfi. NG z u N@TP @[P@V
fi, fi z NL@.
Nz_ @v_r @L @^_@
NYs, P Sg Nz NzV_.
NV@ P P v NL
@vPL NYq fig v.
S> P @qN z Nzv
Nfi@. SP ^ zG N@}G
N@v@ t L G_r Pfl rfl rG
N@} u^ Nfi.
@ NL , PgV L L
PzG JP. gPL z^. l
zv _vg NY z .
V^ bNzL NYrq fig
v@.
Lg Vg g @ Sfi.
L s Sfi. SL Nq gqrq
154 * P[@ @_@Vr

@ NL, @P,
PV rqg L.
Pflfi fi L v.
Lg V qs @ifiP. z P Tfi
N@v. ifiifi i i {@. zVg
@Nz N@v. .
z qz _@^ a a
P. vz SY. Sg qv NY
v@. , SNLfi Pvz q z g
d NYq zv.
L zN@Y L G@ zY.
_ N@V @ fi ^ _@
@tg @ z} fi NVg
q qG NY _@ fi k fi
@tg @N @g L. P NLg
zz P rqg q N@vP.
NL@ NL@g L SLq SY.
_q S_q NGq vg q@N vN
N@vP.
_@ NPfis qP NPfiP z}. g
P fl Sfi. SfiVg Nv r
q qL. SfiVg @v_r z q@.
_@ _@ n@Lz NGg fi v
aL@. , P SfiVg Nv P
Tfig v>@ qs @rq
_@ _@ {@. z z q
NPY q L L aLs@ L
Gkrv. SYL >g g qfiz
rqP g Gk.
@v_r Ni NG i qs N
fi@g Nq zfiPfi. z NG NzP N
Pgrq @ @v_rg qfiPfi. zfi
L fi Pq NzP , _, zg, J
i, Y Sfi. @ fi X@_ z
V flg qrq SfiP@.
flg N@ q. Pg N@V PT @
Pv g @ zNGY @. P
fl zLv L Sfi. _@
Yfi vPv v cN@ @
155 *

qrq aL.
@v_r@ @v_r @ .
v vv v vv v vv, Sg fi
i zP @G i P @v_r PP @v
P, P P@L v . Nk
V fi_@ @g @ z J Sfi.
g Sfi. SfiPt qGP
N@k qg @q aL.
@v_rg @g @ z@ q.
Tfi Tfi P N N qG. z
N@NY P z J. v v,
zVg rq aL P > N q.
_ v zP SL Vv NL, P
N@vP. z fiz. @t .
z LvL, Sq v.
Sg N@k z @Y lrqg z.
qg fizP, NYq L SfiP
Si>@ v Nk L v.
@Yt lrqg G L
uP Sfi q, P N@q
z@. P qPg P g
q qL.
q @Vg SfiP. @v_r
zrv @v SP @> g q?
qiL Sz kLi vrv NzVT
z fl NPz. P q.
rv NYG. rP N@}@ P. @
aLs@ NL@.
SP @> SbzVs V q zfi@.
uL NPqt, NV Nk z@. SP @>
uq? @v_r @qq vv @v_r
q.
NPqt, NV@v fi v Pg v
Nzrfiz. NL. NYq @v_r
q P@L yv qL. rq Sfi@
@v_r z g q S[ q v
Sfi fi @v Ng q Nz
S[ q_rv. g S[Pt, qt @
156 * P[@ @_@Vr

@[P z@P. qg NG PNL}s

zP TP z Pv vP
agv. NG [guq NY
N@sq @ zfiP N @Y lr
z P z@. z P lrrq @@
z{ qL v. z L @v_r L.
zG Nq V@ L@. NV@ fi
@. L s@Vgqrfi.
_@ @t @N a rq
SfiP. lrqg L @Y kLi
vrv a rvg qzV.
@v_r z P P
fl z kq, P _, k^,
qq q zfizL. it
zfi v Sfi@P. r P
arfi. ^ @v_rv k
V@ r @v L NPqt,
Lg NV, v & S@V N@q
P N@ NP_@ uqq zfiz@.
SP @V qP, r s@Vg rfizV.
_LV NV@ LP @qrv
_@ q zv. @t qk V
@NvY gP zfi@; _qg q
Sgz? _@ @v. k Lt, @t
qk g V@V dfi @t v
NLfi, P Sq . fi N NY
Pgrv.
^ NPfis @Yt lrg vPg
i rv@. S> @@ z{ k
>g q zs@ z. P g
PP z @, NL.
g v @v. N
V@V q . P Vv
@ v_r?
V@V gg ? z@ Nk
Pr Sfig@V, PPL . N
V@PL P_ N@@V Sfi@^@.
qdYP, NV@^PL
Xq z. SfiP .
V g SY. N@P NL
157 *

Sg.
L z, Pg @[Pv,
L fi V@g v @ ,
firv NYqg L .
NY NzVqg P N
NP. Lt N@ N@vG NPqt
NV@ lrP. r NPvL uv
v. _ @> @{P N@fi@L SP N
uvv, _rv NYq, SP P
N@k fiP. g @, NYrv
N@v s uq Pq L z
@P.
P z NGr qP.
NGP, NPt, NV z@@.
zG z L Sg @v.
r NPt, N, NV
Sg P zg@. z gP @g ,
NYq, L r @P NPP? _rv
@v. NP NYs, P @P NY
. @P@ z L
@s, P zrv @^. k NYG
NL. k q NGrrv
@v.
P @ fi J fi P P@g
qg V@g NGifi. NP [ zfi Vg
V@. vz fi NVg V NGifi. [
Vg NG fi NV NG@s P
P@g g Pgv@V. [ }@^
NL, z P V zVP@V. Pg V
fiP r. zV zV Vr Y v
N@ q@ V^ gq P_@ fi c
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g P @ NVg VL v
NL@? _ @qq NGP uqq
z L @P.
Lg NGP, _ @P NYG
NYq NP NL. L
NG@g L @P.
158 * P[@ @_@Vr

L @v. NVL vL NL?

NPY SP @P g. gNY
BLtk , NBLtk . V
NG v PP. V SYN P
Sfi@ v.
NYq NP SfiP NG r
@P NP NL. }fi@ zV NY
zV Vruv P v _rPL.
z}g N zv. S g
}fi NPfik . z@^ zP
NzV g zV @vv Nzg
NP Sfi. zVP> gq
Lq ii NYg P@. Yg }@
gVg N@ zrG v
q NY Sfi@@.
z NYvV? N@
vN @v.
P@i@
NY
SfiPP
NL SY. z@gv s@^P
z@qz. Sg NP NYs, _@
uv Sfi z v@ }_
@@ z NYqg v@.
z@ Lg NG i L BL.
@v }@ q it z L
v uqg v. _@ L_G? ... P
z}gN qg NzzP NY
[fi@.
vL Nz L Nkfi@_@G ? r
gqrq zG Jfi g v. _@
@ q Lv z Nz Nk P
q virq Sfifi@.
fiP GN LgN P. v
z. Prq NYgL.
v v_ , P bT bTg @
z Sfi, k NYq NGP uqq
fi L @rv.
q P N@v
qrv r @P NL.
P [ }_@@ L q v
159 *

z@L NL. g g @q q r
SfiG N@ @qqv@. SN@v r
[@ afi@. z NG P ~ Sfi@
}_@@ Nq _r z_rq r
qg fi@@.
Sg NYrq Sfi@ L L
vv . r Lk Nkfiz@V
PTPT. r qg v@V
gq @@s,
Sz fii @g NPz GgN@
v _G @}, P NYrq z,
NPL NYq N@vT uqrv P
zP G@ @BV z
a@,NYrq Pfl q @} NPv
rv.
r L Nk@? NYq
G_@g k NL.
qP qg }_@@V iqig
@s r z q_rg .
z N@vP V > Nz zfiL
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z_@v NY P}N Nqfi Gk
N@}@ a@s }_@@V fi@@.
r, L g av? L Sfi
Pt, > N@}@ @Yt L _@^ Sfi@
. v uq zP Sfi _@^ L
vk . _@^ _L S_L NzrvP
SfiP. z NY zVP _L L
@vg q NPL NL@P dY.
@v SgP NPfik SP J Sfi@.
_@^ q P Sfi NP? L rg
. kPP _@^ r. Sg L
NPLP NY ig NGr r
v@.
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q P NGgq zv. z fi
q L @q@Vs PdY. rvP
g Sfi@. z NGgv N@s qfi.
L vv v@g N@s P_
160 * P[@ @_@Vr

@v NLfi@. SP NYtP
z N@ @@g . L [@ z i
Sfi. NG Nfidrq NL.
r gqrq L vVg NY@ zV
q rqg @. _@q N
N@qrqg fi@@. Sz@V
v r [rq idq
Pgq Nn Nkfi@. [ V
@^V Sz fii L N . Nz
fi NP Sfi@, Y q zV
SzV z, z fl z v, @ @ N@,
_@q N rqg v@.
_@q ^@ fi SY ?
S_L gL qq rq
Sfig@. L Sz@ _@q N NP
zq N@qqg v@. _NvY
@ vv i Sfi@. L, , _@
Sg dfi@_@P Sfi. _@ Pg V
zfi Gr, NG ~vg @N,
zV N@ Nzq P zG v
zG Nzg qv@. zP g V
q P_ N@PzV ifir N@ qq
qg v@. SP g z
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z q [q g rg qg
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rv kfi@. NG L L fi
NP. r q ifi.
S NG .
@ @fiP.
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rg . Pks @N, Nzqgq
N PV. NGP ~ NPV, P
Pg V s@ z. z g qt
NPt, N, NV SgP @g.
NY qq fig v. qg
v. r @P NLrv qfiP ,
g G_rg v.
161 *

_@ NPfis@V @Vg i NGg z@.

Pks @N, PnN@ Nkrvt, zr
q NPt Nzqgq NPt, P T@
. S Ps n@ > SfiP. Jfi
n@ Sfi@G N > Sfi. l
[ vg }Pg NP zrq @z @rq
SfiP. zv@ L x_@g v@
P. Nfi @ XgP_@Vv v
. @@z Y.
SP x_@g v@Vg i _@ NPfis@V
fi @P NYz@. SP @Pv _@ NzV
P L NL.
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v. @ q q zP vL P ifig
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@ N@V P v NzN@
s, s _Lg NG @ @qfi@.
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z @ z_rq fi.
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v^@. L _L _GL SPg
@v@ Sz^@ L @qrfi@. @
z T@PL. @B PqgvN _
@V.
q Lq fl Sfi. SP
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P Sfi. @ P z zfi.
i>, ; P @ q@V?
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162 * P[@ @_@Vr

z fi z G@ vzv @ N@v
qfi@. @ z_rrq @q N @
YV bNzfi @ @g q
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qq Sfifi@.
@{ gvG @ q@
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fi v@q g . i z @
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@ q@, Sq @
@ d. NPvg q Pz
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N ^r P^ fi. ^PP z Sz,
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163 *

SP @v iP, P @ qPz,
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v @v.
iP^ @ @qg L @
q@ L v X Tq,
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}.
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, _ @v
kg firq, SPg N@
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fifig.
g? _ @v.
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fi @ @g q fi@.
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q N@z N@ @ fi. k
firv.
a SP } z@
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k P @PL NPfirq @
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.
NLP @qrq SfiP L
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Pzfi q NP fi@fi.
164 * P[@ @_@Vr

qfiP z v s zq, Sqg N@vP

} @sP v g qq v@v
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q uqfi_@. @ @gL SY,
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z g z @ NYv. G@
fi ugLt NPY @t Sfi@ P,
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P.
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165 *

@ NV@^ V i z Nzg
L s@VP . @[P
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V@^
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P
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z q @ z_ L Sfi.
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rv.
v Vg gq N@L
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166 * P[@ @_@Vr

v }z ztt z Nzk PP
r. SP Nzg, g, @Vg Yk ,
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t, s@^ NPP Sfi. NV
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z@ zPk v; Nzk NLP zPz.
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N rq V irq Sfi@
v. ^ NP Sfi@. fi Pv
NPP z zrPv z @v.
L Nqg P [ qP
N, N}_rg N, v
zt Sfi@P N@}@, L
ztzr z NLrv.

167 *


_@ zL @i zNzg
rqfiP. fii P Sfi zL
@ NzG , P> z @
q. z ~v @fizq q N@ z q
fi Sfi. Yt SYL v N@ q
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168 * P[@ @_@Vr

qPL. NPL @VP. v NYrv

NVq Sfi Si> @Nq z v.
z@ z@ iq vg @
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@i @i zk.
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rq Sfi@. Sg v_@P Sfi@V,
V^ zk@.
169 *

vL @ NYG; _@ _@
Pgqg _@. NPL z_r
L NP. SzL SgP z{ N@q
z. SYL Sa vg fig
qzv N.
@ NkPg q L NPY ,
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r uqqg LPg P, Nz_
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rv.
S fi Nv v@ NPL _@
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NzVqG
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SfiP.
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170 * P[@ @_@Vr

_@ P N@ z. rq q
z@. SgN@v {. _@ L N, z
P}@ NYq Sfirv@.
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V fi _ rq N@Vg
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z Nk V @ i, @ @
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171 *

Gr _ z.
Lg_ @z P_@. z @P
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rq N@v@. @[P q V Sfi.
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v.
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172 * P[@ @_@Vr

vL V@ z, fi N[P
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rv SP flk N^@. LP Sfiz
t fl t NzV vk
173 *

N@v@^@V NP.
P z@ @g L NV@ PL
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v.
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t z@. fi Lg , NPtk,
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fi
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r V@ _ @ @ [P *

@PP. fik NYtg Ng v_rg

z^@. zP. L Nz_ qG
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Nk Tr.

176 * P[@ @_@Vr

[
_@ qg @ @fl fi
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177 *

Nq P . NPfis NV@
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V NP qq qLL P @`
@` @@ Y Sfi. s@ Y N@t.
@q @@V zg @P
N|. L L @@P XgN g
@g .
?
NP? XgN z
178 * P[@ @_@Vr

GP . NP NPY SgPL z
G. _@ zg fi@V _@. ~g Sfi
. T_@ @ gv fiP z zfi X@V.
dL _@ z zfi. fiP z
Tv v Sfi _@ z.
L zVv NP N@}@
NL.
@q@ zg L, Tqkg NG
@. L XgN g @L
NzVL @. SYL z @
v_N@v@. N@k v L z q.
z uqq zP _@ N@ qz.
LP @} NPG@z N G@
zPt zLt @B [q,
Jirq qz.
XgN g GL L zP z
zfi _@ NL.
N|, P fi P_ N@vg q_.
L L N. SL_ N@k zVfiP
XgN g z. NG @q zg
qz. Sg @q zg L k Lg
V @ z}_G_@. XgN X
@L > Tv LgV v z z N N|,
fiz NL.
P XgN g q z
@fl Lz vsg q zi
P. g z g, z
fifiz.
bNzfi >N@ z V z_r
s@v qg. gP fi >N@
P XgN g q zP vL
s@_rv }ggq [P.
N@k _ @[ zV z, N|, SL
V z_r fi z k Nz{v
_@ q q. Yg V@^ x z_
ri@. L @ xZ, N L@
P x@ N|. Nz NLt N@}@ L
qrq V N@ N@ NzV NzV
179 *

 [ N@}@ uq uq P. L
S> N@v. P Nzg Sfi fi_@.
P @v i. NP L gg q
i_@ NP. NG P V@q@ i_@Pg
q r r iL. a >
ifiX_@L fifigy@. L@ g g
z. @ x iL s@ q v
Gv.
_@ g NP fi z
Nz{, NL? _ @@s, Nz
g v Sg z _@, >NY
q N|. v g@V z, Pg
@q qv. _@ k_ N@V fi
Y. N P NL.
SL fi N@ [L N|,
SLg zsP, g NL
@fl.
P, L S>?
@ NP V Xg
z L vq @PL, L Lg
NG z L @@V Vg NY@ > P
uqq z Ltg @ @rv.
g z@P Ltrv @fiz@.
z@V uv?
@v>@ zkq i@v
P NL. z@ S[g qq @
rv@. qzv Nt@.
S@ V Y SY_@?
S qdY; _@ XgN i
}v z_L. NG Sg _@_rv
z_L, NYtP z @Bfi N_
rrq zP Pfl zv lr NPvrv.
L L _@v Sfi.
i P q?
i SL Nq Pvz qg
v N|. NP Pvz XgN v
NG PvT Nq PV v lrg qPg
q z PN@qL. P
TB NPfig . P ^ N@qL
180 * P[@ @_@Vr

k LgV N@ ? NYt_@,
@qrv P PvsL.
L zVg @ N @v Sfi.
@ N@}@ NzVqq
N@v@ z z, Sg N@v zPg
qP z Sfi.
NG ifi q?
it? L v Nz qr
N@v. q fi G i
Nz fi P Sfiq @Ytv NPvg q
zP. SP zV NY qfi@. Sg Nz
vv @@. N@k SfiP.
zV p @`fi J. NPvrv NL,
@{ gv fi qL NzN@Y @
vdY N|. Sq V Nz zPiY.
g zPt N vr zq S_@ z
N@YPP Sfig. SL v@z
. P v. Sg @ NYrq
zPz i N@ fi gv P, N|,
_@^ fi Nz NP? @qrq L
NY gL g g fi g @.
L Nz NP z gg
q L g ^.
Sq _@ P @qrqfiP
_@, N@V NYq . _@ fi, NY
q _@k @.
NG firv @ _rv z,
N|, XN y P> N@
zfi@@. P Nq Sfi@
. NYq ifi P q N@@rq
@.
SP @qq _@ Yfi_ N@v u[
u[ fi.
@flP z^g L NGP k
V@V zV uv. s@ Vg Ng
qPv . fi V v@ vL qP
Vg NG Nfiz.
NG fi ^ @` XgN g
q N g _@ q zP.
181 *

N|, _@ v X@V? ~g vfi

q. SL XgN N[P>
Pg vg q@VP v@. gq
g Sfii_@? @@ @@ Jfi.
NPL J@ J? _@
NvY qz@V? _ @v.
_@ L NL@? NPL g g
q@V qz@. gPL _@ g z
Nz. P. i } V
fi @P v Sfi. g N_. _@ z
NG N @P Sfi. L g
N_@. @P z.
NGN@L _@^? Y sk Nk
q@@V, _@ @v.
, Ss@ sP N@q g
vNYt . NPY X@L
v@q g . NPfigV@q@ z
Nv l @V lrrq N@V
v.
P? L Nk@?
P J@g V@q@ NPfig V,
P z NL iV Gg VL NY
zkfi@^@. z _@rv NYs _@ qg
fi q>@ fi zsL zs g
zk. bNzfi N@Vk @q
v v. Pg P i } z
_@V NY N[NP>k NLfi. _@V
z? z vq @V lrrq, _@
vPLt qg G NYq
N@Vv. NYq @fl Nfi
firv.
NG a k@?
P } N@@@ NG k.
zfiP, ufi_@, ufi_@ N[NP>
@vfi, S> fi Pvz gg Lg r
uv NLfi. q zs@V uqv.
PgV@ L ^@? _@ @v.
z^@ L^@ NP. L a
Gg V@ SY, @fl NYs,
182 * P[@ @_@Vr

NPgP q ui NYG? _
@v.
P, V@L g_ @q @q
vg^@. z^@ vg X_@L, _ N@}_r
N@}_r vg^@, NYq fi qg
v.
Si>@ V q Nzz
i? _@v NYs, _@ _
rv @v, L z z @fiz_ @qV
^g NG@g @ vP _@i NLV?
SY k NL.
Sz^, S k V @q@^
@fiz_ @qV @ ^ NG@g fi
^@. _L zL fiP arq Sz
@fl V gqfi@, NYrfi@
@fl s@ P_@ Sqg lrq zP.
SP zV, Szrv @^, _@ N L.
zrv, @@s, N|, _@
NGrrq Sfi@. Pg N uV N ^
N@v gv. _@ q fi L.
vL Nz, Ps@V _LV a NG@
NYq, > q uV z NG@ NL.
zG V fl fi zv N@fiP. qP
zvP. uV _ r v. ...
SPg N N fi qz t@
V@ rv NLL, z@^ P... uV
@P. SNz L@P > q gGL
NL^@. Pfl@ NGV V rq
v.
SP L z SPg V NLL
vfi NL fi i@ zPL SfiPt
i@ z. Pg V z
pL z Nkrq z pL NzzPvP
Sfi@.
_@ NPfis@V GG Yg NVg
V@^ LgV fiz Sfi SY.
NV uv L N @
N@}@P q , @gV@V
zV, zg Yk N@. L
183 *

Sq NP
@ , @q @q @ v, @@ @
g @ LV Y@Pk N.
@fl i _@ NPfisV L@ V@
SgP z Nzg rq
z N@. Vg NY@ Y
iq NzVq iPg fi@. NVg
VL @ Sk v@ NP
SfiPt, fi @gV lrrq ;
Pfl N@vl, qg Yt, qgN@
NzG NGrfi.
Sq Nkt SP @flg V
g fig rvP iz. q z
Nkt z g, @@g Gz G. i
zfiz. z _@v, PP, Pg X@V,
z^ zfi@. >g P NP i
SY? @qrq P _q S_q
Nzqz.
N|, _@ P_@ nP S>g
X@V, Y g N@}@z Sfi@. @fi
NPfis fi N@s qP@. Pg vs
~g Sfi@ N|, Sg P @@
g.
_@ NPfi NV@^ gP. Tqk
z Nzg q N[[@ q@^ z
Pt g g_ VP z@.
fi Pvz @v @V Nzvg @,
zV fii P @vg qrqg
LV. g Nzt v SY. vL PP
SL @ r z @t fl,
P v N
P N@Vg k N
q@ z t@g V
L_ N@k s P
q rvt fl uvV.
N@}@P z Lg @ kPg
fi v NG z zg L N,
gVg zV Tv @fig @t fl
q N@fi@@.
184 * P[@ @_@Vr

@@ NG P@
@gL l@
L zz
S_r qz
Pg N v_ N@V z qzL. P
S_r qz @ q^@V.
P V uq z@v@.
iNLqg fl
iN PPz
LP PP
Li fiPL
Sg @}rq SNLfii zg
zrqfiPzLg iqfi@.
J P
zfi YNzVr
Pfl NPfi@
q Vg
dYP ug @Ytg NLg
vP @ v qrq NLrqg
L fig q q S.
S i @V q@, v, @@,
Sg L Nkt qk gP. fiP
fiPfi q N@ @t Nz@.
gP zV fii qNPfis
rq Sfi@, g zVv NG
gV LL. vL _L P NzVqq
SfiP N@,
@ q ifi}
@ k V@
L N lsL
S[P @
vL Nqg q qV.
z Pg V gfl
fi. N@ q _rL Sg
fi v qfig.
LP Sg v v q
N@^@V NP. @flg V Yg
q NP.
SN@}@ V NP q qG
185 *

q g@. N NV@ v @v
^@ G@k Nrrq zfi. _r _rg
g^@.
fik Ng Lt gP g z
[z^@. @g L NGgfi Gg z
q_ P. SNPY NV@P
NG. q, g Y NV@P
g@.
k Lg V Sfi@ Y _@
q@V z Nz Nkt i @k qg
NG Y NzVqz. Vg NY@ z@
q z@ NzVq@V NzVq, _@ _@
q _@ NzVq@V NzVqz.
L Sg _@ NPfis P, NY@ NGg
fi @{ gv fi XgN g q
_Lg NGP q zL @k q
@ q G_rfi@. _@ NPfisfi Vg
NY@ g XgN g GiY. L
Y NVg V@, @gV@V lr
zrq, @V @z>rq Sfi_@. Sg @
zg GL, NPfis@V P, q
Nq z, zg V@ PL Pq
Pq krq Sfi_@. @ Sfi i
z @VP NPfi @Vv @V,
>@Vv > N@v@. NG zg L
s@fi z NP lr z i uqPv
. s@^ @k Pfl @_GL V@V
@z>@ . , SP P@g_@@Vz V
lz zg Sfi@ v@. z uq
zP @v@q @fiq z @k
z qqg qfiz@.
NV@P V zq @k_ @rq
zPg v. PL z@VP
rq N^@! dv g N
.

186 * P[@ @_@Vr

q
_@ z@q N @k
figNG@g L. q@ _q
v fl @k N@v. Pg NGr
N@v qgNg. Pv k@ P
zz. fiN@vP k Y dY, P.
_@ fig NGrq SfiP ztg @
@q z P N@T fi q rq SfiP.
zVg rq, @ , L @k rk
@g @? N[ g P, _@
@v.
SLk NP uqq iq @
i>. q zPg fi N@v N@v, NYq
P, N q fi N aY. zg @ >
Nzv ? zVg rq v NzqL.
@ SfiP fii @q k i uv.
_@ zV @ gvLP
L z fi @ NP. _@V zV
z P N@TP NYtz. SPL
z^ z q Nfi Sfi@. fizV
z Lg V Sfi@ @v z Nfi
Sfi L NP.
fig NGrrv _rv NYG, SP
@ Sg Sgg L. SzV N@ fi
@. fi V Pg z. Sz @Y}
NY Ng Nfi@V q@. NB
gV z zi z_
N@}@ zP@ JNY rv@.
Nfi@V q@L, @fi Jz
zP@? i fi @fi N@v @}
q? t N@}@ vP zP@, L
zPs@^ NYt Y rg v@.
187 *

NYs L g z. firv v
@v , NYt vP
Nfi@V q_@. SgP NYt
q@.
P @ NYt q fiz
PP. g @q k.
N@k_ @P fizg NGg q
@ N@vP L @ @ N@q q.
NzVvN Nq Nq NGP. @q
@ x zPL fizg q_rrq uqfizfi.
NYq SL_ N@k NP@ Pg
NGL.
_@ @}P P @}g
. @ N@vP.
_@ @} g qk ?
_@qq _@ aL v SfiP zg
@rv.
_@ @}Pg @q k. Y
lP @} q. Pt vg v zrY
N V Pvg Pt v.
_@ @} g qk ?
NPY L NLg Sfi. _@
@} qk G zfi fi , @i PP
z, z q N@ v@ @v@
rv@. zfi dLP _@
@}.
NLL kq, fi q uv?
Jg vg fi Nz_@ ,
Nq v, fizgL, NgN@v,
qP. v fi d@Y qPPL _@ N|
_v Yt aL.
Yt aL.
_@ N| d@Yt q@. g
v v. _@ g P z
fi v@V. P@L fi q@ zv.
_@ N| fi L v fi v?
_r Y v?
i@V fi _rNY v@.
188 * P[@ @_@Vr

NPYk @ q@VP. _@ L
Nz_@Pz L. @ Nzq B,
i, @Y Pv rv Y qP L.
^@V fi Ni N qGiY.
gV fi qzY, P z N@q
z_@ qkP z_r qfiz. qP,
NYrv fiNzY N@qL q
N@qL. L fi L fl q N@q
lrrq q zP.
L @} N u[Pv v
@V ? z z{ _@v.
NNY u[Pqz@. L Sg
q NYG N@}@ g NY v@.
gY SP _ N@vY.
NvP _@ NL.
g L Nz@L, Gr @P@
SYL fl@ NzkL z fi zg
qz@. NG Nz_@ zrq gV
@fig. gvs@ k, P
qq z@. P N u[Pq.
Sg , GT NG,
SLfi@ @, SLfi @}, SLfi @,
SLfi Sq z N Nkfi@fiL fi ^
@. _L a@s@ Yfi t Y
@ NYq NV@ N@z q@V
k NL.
, SgP Sgg q m @
@@. GgN @} i
@ NPdY. Nz NY@Vg NYt,
NYv z q zs v. _@ q
zP.
zP vL Nq c_@ ufi @qrv
[q. _@ z z fi_@
uTrq SfiP. qG zfiP
NV@ L q @qrv _@v
@v.
, _@} Y P
vVY. NL.
189 *

, Si>@ NzV@P NV@

qrqg {@V Nz Nz NzV@
v q zfiz. z
Y N@v NP@@ q@^@@ q
fi ^ gq qP. gNY_ @q
k.
_ [ q @s, _@ vg
usL. a NPfi z{ fi ^, SL
i NPfi @ @ Pg fi q@;
Yfi zfi_@ @i @i NYrv
L.
fi @L? _ @@s, P,
L Pg N_@Yt YN@q vg
@ NPv gq N@vPL Nz
@^P. PgV Vr Nq P
Sfi. gV zs q q
fig. _@ NYq qgg P z@g
L.
SiL@g q z q
grv zN NzVvg L. N@k
NzVqq Nq V@^ fi
qG qg L.
q Nz qg P P
s@, Grrq SfiP@. P
@ @P@ rrq SfiP. a N
vN, L vN, P N, S_ N@k
Jg Ns@ zP@. gVv
ifiV zPfi. gV, s@ fi
z. ifiV_ @ fi PV Pq fi ,
s@ fl, fi N@q NzP, , fi g
zg, fi P_@, Pv fi NP@ i fi z
Y z lrrq zPfi.
@ rrq SfiP P
qq z q L vs Yfi
@P@. P s@ @ z @Pfi.
vL N v, fiV_ @fiP PV Pv
z_r P _rv P_ @qq, @ @
Pv qPfi.
190 * P[@ @_@Vr

@ Pv z_Lg NG ifiV, v
k z z P Pi @}P
qfiz NYq fig v@.
fi zP NzP N@vg fi fi V uq
qq zP@. fi q fi vt Y
q NzP qg@.
q zP, fi q qP
NzP _@? @v.
SgPL z z_rqg ,
NL _@.
_@ @k Pfl @ SfiPt
SfifizV {, NzP g SYN
Sfi@ v.
z _@^g N@v s
uqv@. P s _@ NPfis NG @}
v. Nq P L fi q
SP gV SPg NB s Nk
zrfiz@. NG z NG@s @}
g@.
P @}PL k @}
v. @g P @} v. P
@}g g L.
@t L V@fi@ @fiP@.
V@fi@V _@^@P. q bzN@q
S[ N@L V, yg, _ Y zfiP@.
@t vz k gV@^ @}
z v q fi@ v P q
qrq SfiP@. _L NY@V aL@.
@t vg@ aL z k
NB@V z qrq SfiP@. _L
N@@^ Lg V @q@^ SfiP@.
NB Pg P.
z@ @q@@^ z Nzg
N@zP L z N@qz@. L Sg
q NV@ N@}@ _@ z N@qL@.
z@ lrg qG N@v v, z^ fi
z v vg> NGg z@. NG svfi
qg Nq zq, ddfiP @P Si>
Si> Ytv @q NP@g V@^@
191 *

qP@. NG fi N g , NP}
L Y@g Lg q zfi
@tV gqqg L@.
NB@ L gV@^
@Vg qrqg ri L
qfiP @ifiP@. fi NB
gV fi g qfiP@.
gV fi z_r v. k NB
gVk @s dfi z
NPv_Lfi.
_@ Lg V@V @N NB
gV@ qfiP Sfi u^G g
P@Vg NGrg NGr i rqfiP. P
N@ NB gV fig
L N_@t q dfi P fi
q@s gV P N@qL. P N@q
@t Nz @fiG V@fi@ VPg
q v v v g@. yg Jz@. P
i @@ LV fi i Sfi.
P N@ qk z_L vL N
NV@V z @ fiz@.
V@V @v z Sfig@. qk vL
V@fi@ VP @ fiz@. s@
qrv L @ P@L Vg
NY@ rqg z@. s@^g L k
gV@^, P V@^ @, s@^g
L k NB@^ L@. _@^
NB@ L L.
P Y Nzt zfi. NB,
gV@^ s@s@ NP@fi@ N@vg
q@. gV@ v@V Svg vs@, s@s@
q@ Nq zP^, k zP^@V
L@. fi zP _L NP ag V@@
N un@ @, P@L L L
Vzv_@ Lg NY@V qL@.
_L SfiP N@Vg@v Sfi NB
gV@^ @g, t SYL v, fig
z_r qP@. NB gV@ qg NG
ifi N@vqrv z _@ NPfi@
192 * P[@ @_@Vr

Nk. _@ Y NPfiz L@. _L_L

NP@fi@ s@s@ NB gV gq t
P Nk@. @vfi t z_r, v
Nq zg qg@.
Y NPfisk Lg NG gV
qV NG L k PflV
NzPrg q i qg@. i
qs@^ gV q qgfi. NB
gV qV N , P @}
k s }@V, fi@V z z. u
z @ q z z z_G v G@N
qfiz@, SPg q @v NB gV
q zP Yfi NPfik .
NB , gV g q @ zg@.
V@ Nz Nk rk q
rq Sfig@. SYL @v@q N
fiz@. NV@ Gr N@
zrq P z Nkrq Sfig@. @ gq,
i gNvY, @} q@_@^
Nzwfi @} zfi@s@^ qg@.
NB, gVk gqq @fig@.
i gq N qG Y
q@. k P N [iq Sfi
qg fi gq qdYN, v fi
gN N@v N NY
NG z_rqg z@. P N@q
Pfl Ji z, qP Vg G
gqrqz@. gq@ @vgq L_@ zG L
N? L @} @L L
g @ NYt z s, P
zfig@. @v z_r @qg @.
Sg NY s, , Nv z,
@}PL
q

NV@V Nz@. zG v_@V zi,

t NzfiNPY ^ gvv@. P,
s@s@^ P@L, P @, P z Jz@.
P fi NzkL_ v zg@.
_@ V@fi@ VP qrq
L z, NB gV Pfl q@ N@}
193 *

zfiz@. g _@V gg g.
NB gV N@} zP vL
N@}P i z N@}Pv t kV
PvTq, Nq fi @ z N@k
NzP z N@} PflVg qz@. q
NzP gG u^P, PL NVgV NG;
q NzP Y@ u^P, PL Vg V
NG NYtz@. NG gV z N@q
Pfl G q@ NB z_r N@vV
J. Pfl z_r N@vV N@k
u^ Jiq pi Nz Jz. z
N@vV JLt v Sfi@s@ @}Y }
JP NYtz@. gVg N[P> G@
zP SP @Vfi. P i, NG
NB G q@, gV z_r @}t}
N@vV Jzfi.
g G N@v NGs, gV
N@vP lrg NB Sqg z@s, ifi
VP qrq qg z@.
SNPY L N@
NP. fizV Y z@V Nq fi
N vV N@V
L. _@v SP @v
L g Sfi SP z@ Sfi_G.
q Pfl qqg Lg NG _@
NB gV g@. SP }g
v_@. N@}fi _@ Yfi NP
g Pg @ ag.
@}, z @iq P , z
N@rq NB gV @ @
@fiz@. gg NB @ N@k } Ji
gV P P@ NYz@. z N
Nz@gqrq k P a gV P
Pvsz.
i gV @ N@k } Ji
NB P P@ NYz@. gV } P
uvgNG N@kk z@ @ Pvsz@.
NG NB gV, gV NB
Pfl Ji uqz@. v a@s@ NB
194 * P[@ @_@Vr

P P uqz@. v a@Gs@ NB gV
P P uqz@. NG@g V@^,
NY@^ NB gV P Psq, ud Sg
P_ @ z@. qP g. NG
uV P r NPzq @}
z N@rq z Nz @fiz@.
g Jg Ns@, NP@fi@ z
z@. NPY v z NB @[
N@vG gV @[ gV @[
N@vG g NB @[ ig q
uqq Ni tz zkqg zfi. P i
Ns@ NP@fi@V z i ig qq
NB gV zPk Nkqg z@.
iL flN@Y qg P
z N N vs G @
Nzq, Y NV@P Nz@. L
P z@g q cflg q P
N@ G zg@. N N vLt NV
@V lr qN@ q fiz@.
V@ z i P.
i L gV @fi@,
N [s@ z gV @ z qqg
NG gvg z@. gVrv z q@
q@ fi N P P q NYtz.
P @} gP. NB v^@
N v NG @@ P
@}, P @ Lg k z
N NYs v aLs@ Y @
@P, Nq NV@ vL N@z vV@.
i gV v^@ N v
gV NY @z@.
SP N u^Pq Jfi _ @.
N@k
zVP
NG
, _vg
rG
V@V q N u^
NY NY flrv Sfig.
N qs@ q@V @}_ @L z
Ss@ s@ Nk N it N.
g Nv @zg z@. L _@
NYtz, NL L, z SYP
195 *

@vP.
_@ q L SfiP ifi} @
NG NV@ q SfiP@. g tz
NL _@V @} @, @q@@Vg
rfiPt P P@g NB V
N@z@. L Sg zz SP Vzv_@^
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g rfi@. @zgv @[P@.
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NPY, _@ Sg N q .
P P@g N@ z fi z@gv.
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L @q q Sfi.
N@v? _ @@s,
@, Lg L NPP Vv P>
z Sfi@g Sfi@P L? L
g ^ Sfirv. _@ N|P z
NP z@gq N @vgv.
NL.
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Nz
vV.
fi
zz
_@v qfi@. N NV@
v q NY ig vv.
L P Vg @ xz Sfi. P ^
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v [fi@. z Ng Ng
q k @[ z S[qg
zfi@. _@ _@ N|g i
NL.
g SfiP N@@^ q Nzz SY.
Sg NYt Si>@ Tqv Y NP.
P @@_G, NYq fig
v.
P @ z, Lq
z @} q g Nzz NP?
PL fi NL, z L N@
qfiz@. Sg Nzz NPk T N@
196 * P[@ @_@Vr

q@@. g @@_@, _@v

k NL.
s zPzP, Lt SP @g
V@ N _r qz^@VP Sfi@@
L_ @q@. L zG
v_@V vG @}_@^, _@ NPfis@V
vG @}_@^, q Ti NLg
P.
_@ NPfis@V SP zP} S
@t q_@t SY. P SfiP z gifiz@.
NV z q @}k NG SY
VP fi q N@r. q i@
fi qL q N@sz V. L
SNPY Sg q zPs@ rv rv
Sfi.
s@V L i@ N@}@ s@Vg
@g@@. Sq @g v Sq
N@_ q@ @T Sfi.
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@. L L qt, g SfiPt, L
P zG i@ NG@V @g qt, V
L qP z@@. S L s
Ps@V @g ? SL rv SfiG
q Y @P uqg q SdY
dY Nq_ N@vL ?
@ SfiG Nz} uqq N k @PP.
zg @}_@ q, Ps@^
L @PL NP. _@ NP.
SP ^@V, z NGk z v NPP i
S. P Sg N@v@, NYt@. @V
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@ N@.
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NPrv @, P g zg@.
V@ Nz @fig@. NV Ng L
NV@V N}P lr ^gg
v zg@. NG N}Pg NP@g
@YG z B NB qg fi
z. NP qT q@V z g@.
197 *

SNPY VP N, SNPY NVP

N N@v. Y z Yfik
Nz@.
NV@ Vg N
Nq, k @q zg
fiz@. _@ NPg NG Sg SNLfi
NVP @ . zG zi ri
SY.
V uvL Sg Sfi@, g
Sfi@, SP J v gv S
gv NYr@ Sg. L _@ NV@
z@ [P` qq z Nzg
q z Vg Nq, k z
z v. g qLP @k @ .
Sg Nz z @N
v fi Nvg v@. SfiPt
i@^ N@q g Vs xz
SY. P NPfis@^g G i _@ NPfis@^
fiz@V, vv zv@.
fik NgL vL NV NzV
N@v. g Sfi@ Sg Sfi@ P
v_dY. fik Ng Lt z@
P Sfig@. L fi SfiPt @qL
Nq z, zVt q, @ qg q,
kg d Sg P S N@v.
NP@ @ q SfiPPL q?
^ r^ kg , Nq, z s@^
N_@ Sfi. Tqk vL z Nzg
q vkg NG q@^ zfiz@. L
fi SfiPt NPt iP Sfig@.
zL P q @iqz@. Nfi @}
qt P vv fi Nv
Sfig@. P q rdY.
N NV@ fik NPg NG ifi_
@} qrfiz@. NPYk @ v.
L _@ J zG i@V fidYP NzPz
@V P vL @q qg v. _@ NPfis
Y }P Sfig@. g Ti
NY_ N@v.
198 * P[@ @_@Vr

 Nz , _@ i Sfi
v Y T NP. zG ig NV@
rv SfiG N@q@V _@rv SY. L L
PL, s@rv SfiG N@q@V Y
_@rv Sfi@NPY L _@ @@
NYr@. SP g Sfi.

199 *


fi vqfi _@ qg
rqfiP. vz{ > ag, P,
S>_ @} @. Sq
zr @N Sfi@? @v.
s k_ N@V z
Lg q. G_ N@Vg P z
av. z rg V. r
q@g NVg V@g GiY. NY@
N@k fi @@.
SYP, @} @. , SPfi?
@V? SqgfiP Vg @v.
, Sg Nv_ @} NGP.
NPY Nq @ ; N}B NN}.
Nz_ @gN s@g_v Sfi@. Nv
_rv Sfi@.
Sz L Sg NY. rfiPz P
NPg fik NPPL Nv_ @}k N.
Sz LvL NPg fi Sfi@ Nvz
@} qg V Nfi@
LV q. , S_LV P SPgi @@
zvq, , z. .
SNLfi Pvz g, NYq q zv.
q zPT SP fiv @@
NLrqfiP.
NY z N@}@ Nq @[ r
fi SfiV _@ q@ zP. SfiV
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L. z fi_ @. VP z q
T qgqz. _@ SfiVv
N ^ @. Nq fi q@t z_
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200 * P[@ @_@Vr

@.
Vg i SfiVv @@
NL. _@ SfiV rqfi@
SfiVv @v. _@ NPfi g
V Nv_ @} qfi@ ? ?
fi zfi @figd @ ? z
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vV SfiV z P} NL.
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@} q?
NPY z P} NN. _@
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V, r q N V@
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, SPg g Xrv? _
@v. z^ z@q Nq V Prv.
fi@ P. fi q@v.
@} N@G Sz z Nkq zP qg
q_rqg fiz. q VP >
N@vg. Sz N@vPt g V@ N@v? SP
N}, Nz N@G @v zg zG.
fi L z@ uvv. L ,
N@P@ g. Pg V Ng
Ng q s@ qg v.
g Sfi Nv_ @} q
vV?
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NY J vv NzzP NY S>
z ; fi ufi_@ NYfi@.
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_ v gq X uqv@.
g X uv@? _ @v
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201 *

N g_v, Nv @v
S @ q Xg NY X u v @ .
Sg NG zG @} q?
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NvV. Nz @. S zg@v
. P Vg N @, @z
P N@vg. , z. Sfirq
zfi; NYq SfiV v.
z NLP NL L fiz Sfi.
L SgNfi zi NV@V N@v
q YPg . @}
N@qL@@ @ @PzLv N@v Nz
@ zv. L SP zi rPs@ rv
SY zfiP Sfi.
zG @ @V Y Sg NLvg
@ . fiL uqq zv z Nz
NY N@k_ N@k zP Nk N@L
qz@. @YLt_ @}z; YLt fiq
N@v@. Sg rv _@v
@v. , Sg SfiV NYG N@}@
Vg @
Xrq
zG
@}
@?
NV@ SP t@ SfiL, V@
SYg . s@ NPfi@ fi. NG
V@ Xq, Xq zG @} qrfi
z@. z^@ rv@v zP@fi@V t_@,
_@ NL.
zP@fi@V t_@? Sg Sfi
q Y s@^ NP t@.
_v_qg g @ NYt. P
@[ N@v . qP P
L zPLt Trq fi_ vP
Sfi@. NGP q . P
Sgqrq Sfi@ . PL NV@
SL PnN@ flrq Ng@ NP?
g PnN@ } v_N@}@ Tt PL
N@q, PnN@ @@ NP?
Sg fi zi SfiP, N @[Pg N uqq,
q zG @} Nkr. SYL
202 * P[@ @_@Vr

 N@v@, k NL.
Sg NYG. L fi V,
r@V gfi. i V@P
c_@L
Nq
Nq
NV
Xuqq, zG @} @. g S
NV@VPL N i, _@
NYG NP NPfik.
@PL X uq@. @P
NY@V @g v z@ ? zP
? L vgN uqPV
zPL? i@V SP z Nz, ,
S SY. zG @} @.
NGN@L?
s NP. zvP Nv
@gvt_ P, @Y vt P_G v,
L Nkt, g SfiPt P_ @q
q N@Prq SfiNz_v z[ zP
P. L rPz P Sg c
uqqg . P N@ L@ @Y
dfi NYGP @? _@ N_@ z@
v.
L NYGfi? @v.
.. ... SgP dfi, vfi@,
@vs^,i, z, fl, , ai
@ @vfl@ NY V N@i @_@
z@@. P, NPP Sfi@P_
@vs^ vfi. fi P @sP N@v@@
P fi PP,
i@, s SYN z[ @vs^@
@. NP, k NYs,
g S@ Sfiv NL SYN
N@ @ z_, _@ @v.
g NY. S@fi@^
v Sfi@Pk N. L L ziL,
Sg @Pz X u. k NLg NG
_@ NP L r.
a _@ q zP @B,
L, P @^ i @i@. Nz
@B z@qN fi@@V? @q
203 *

rv @P.
r fi SfiV zqgL.
s@ NPfis . Szv q V
. z fiL Xq zG @} qg V
NvV. Pg rq SfiP. P
SP t@ SY _@ NL.
NYG NP@. i@V fiL
uqq T@z . i@ i@ z
Nz NY NY, q q@
qg VLtk , q NVPL
VLtk , VL^ , @P
VLt fiL uqq zP L z^
Y . z^ ig, P _
N@v. V@ uvt SPg Nv
@Vi@ zi zk zk Pg V ug
rqz^@. z Nzg @ q@V
Sg v v.
P x Nvt vN@Y L
N@Gt. P @. @ fi@ g @fi
k k [i z @} q qPfi. L
k P @q@g fi@ fi
iq, SPg V ifiv @vL.
Sz @B L s@P @V zrq SPg
V q S qzL. Ng
Ng q NGP q zfi. Sg
z@gv fi_v SYN zNz
zv @ qPzfiP P x. G
Ng Lfi. P z @Nv @
SPg V zrq Nrqfi. fi @
g zP q, g rg.
z@gv PL@,
_@ fi@ NY qrv.
SP @@s L N @qg z.
P @qg NL, , V q
Sfi@. N@ zg N Sfi@. L
NV@P z@V fi, z}, z@
N@} P@L V irq z@V
Prrv Sfi@. g L
z@ z P_rrq ? L
204 * P[@ @_@Vr

Nz dY, NPP L@ g
@[q
Nzg

z[P
uqq,
z@qv P @.
...N, @^ z NzVPg fi,
S_ @} @. P SP ^
^. fiP_ @ vq. qP.
zr z{ N@vfiz,
NYrq fi.
r. NG NL.
fiP SPg V, r @V
fi Nv Xrq @} Nkrq
Sfi. SPg Gg NY@^ fi .
fiLg @ uqq zP, ai Sfi@
uq_@L P. z q Nzr z z
Nz Nk @k @ qq Sfi@ TiY.
kg q Nzfi zt@v fi
q g uq@. v Nz@_G?
NV gv v v@. s@L gq,
SYL s@}L gq, zV Nq Pq P
fi_v z NYt_@, NY qr@.
Sz@V Jg Nz@!.
Sz g G? z gk NYq
q z q Sfi@ zPL? _
@v.
g N NV@ P Sfi@@V.
L g NG L N@ NPdY.
fi@ z v qg q P Pg
q S[qg z. NPfis z
P@flg V N@}@ ^q k
v
zPzVPL
z
fi_@
,
@VgNG @{k l N@}@ NB@
lr q di di difi@.
zg @L uvzPL. q@g N.
Nq ^ v uvN qV g
vL. qzv N, NYq B
N@@ qq L.
fi z@ P zP PP PgP.
_@ PP, Yfi S@VPL Sfifi@.
205 *

_@ qgg NzV SfiP

i zrq rPzV v,
_@ NL.
S@V SfiP SP fi t@
NV@^ Sfifi. L P Nz_@V
Y N P, fi Nfiv
NYq _@ P NzVq NzVvg
L.

206 * P[@ @_@Vr


[, v_ N@V @ qg qG
v zfi. g L N P Sfi.
L, g _@^ N@v s uqfi
z_@. _@ N@vP qg qz@. k
LP Sfi@ _@ v qg qG Ng
fi@. _@v zfi ag. _@
qgv uV @s Nz aq z@
g. _L_L @@ ag@. V@ fi
zfi, NV SNLfi zfi z@.
fi Pvz qg qq q zP
_@v, , fi qg v?
@v.
_@ NL, q v Nzz
NY Nz NYv. _@ g v
NL@V P v.
_@ v fi Pvz @v, , _L
qP P^ SfiP P fi v t
P. fiq N@^N@}@ g
v_ ig v. iq Nz zPT
P zifi Nv NY, v q
NYt @P, NY .
L @qqg fi@?
k NL.
qP NGg P?
q v L, v L? P [P
Nz Pg ! SP qg qGL fi ^
z N@qg LP d, _@ NY
rq SfiP _@ N Nv Pfl
zP.
vL @v, , Pfl v
g ig ? L?
L? fi zk L L.
207 *

L @g qPL zP Ng.
SYL Ng B . P
L. Pfl NYs,
iv, > N@}@ S PL N @ k
v iq zP^@V. @vs^P Nz^,
NL.
..P@i@, qgq Pg
N@vV Nz ? _q fiP z
P ~g q_. S_q fiP z
Nv g q_rG. SP @>q@@^
Nz@dYN z @z Lg q_.
vt @>q@@g v? v
v, NYq zfiP s Ng N
z qrv LP.

@>q@@^g
vv?
Pfl @v.
@, Pg NY@ @vs^ SY NYG
NY@. @vsV TzrG NYrq
z@^ qg v zdY? P
vv, LP NzV@ NL.
_L @ SP @qrq SfiP @}
N NL, Nv @v@_ P
Sfi. @vs^ SY NL@V? NPYk
P. @vs^ @vs^ NYrq, zL
G v @Vv g Nq,
NP{@V @ vP @>q NYt.
L Nfi N.
Lg, LP @v? N
v L, zL v L. N L
P. _v qg vg fi@ v.
P z Nzq z qg
L fi v _@P
NLfi. P zfi a uV Pg L
zfi NL v_v G . NG q
r v fi , Lg v fi
z qv. P Nq zP
Ng z_r irq zN, LP
NYq N@k P _@g qP.
208 * P[@ @_@Vr

_@ P z_r r r i
rv NL, v q NYt @.
Nq v i. P_ P.
> Tv Pz N@T. NqP_
L. dY L. q qg
zY. N@k N@k NYt,
LP NL. SP @qq _L @fiP
V@ k fi@. N@k_ v Nzz_ N@v
@[P@Vs Sfi. Ss@^@V qg vz
uqfi@ vg, @} NL.
@}, NzVq @B u[ fi
@B z^ NP. NzV Sfi. L
zL Yfi_ @} gqz@.
Nzk NLP @v , Sg SP
qg v _@^ L N@Gk ? qg
vt v [ rz_ [P_
g; P i_rzk PP i.
LL SP qg vP _@ z N_
N@} @s NY@ vv Nfik P^L.
z NY L P NL
rv.
a g k N@@ fi
rq zP^@. N@, L gfl ^?
qg L N zLz i@V?
@@s, q g agq ..._@V
zL @P qg v @V? qP
qg L @@ fi, zg V
NYs, LP NL, uqP. fi
@t NL tt vN .
firq zX@? P NYt_@.
P i>, SP NP NPfis u N@T
Sfi@ X@V? PL qq N@vzV
NLq Nq Vzvg NY@ lrqg
qgq N@T NY, qg vs
it lr qq v@. z
g> @B NP. @v NP. L
qg vV? Pg qP firq
209 *

z. N NL vL qg fi
N@@ fi@.
N@T bz q zv. q rq
qP@V? LP @v. q Nz_
qP? vgv vL lr
TNvkqg v@, fl NL.
SP @qrqfiP NL, Sz
@_N@T qgv Nz NP _@^?
L q q q @fi N@v
L_@V iqg qgv z Gr
uv@. g @V @zg fi @_r @
SfiP@. zfi @zYd x @fi @_ N@T
rq g fi NLg G. qgq
@s ifi @fi @rq,
N@q uvP v qfi@.
N@v uv@V ? N
@v.
z N@v uqzfi? G_ P
Sfi@fi. z i @rq, v q
z_rrq Sg uqv @? _@ qg
qL fi N@ SY. SP bz
N@v@q. i N@q uq_@.
SY _@ NPfis NY Pg NV@^
_@ @ P uvN rg qz. NYq
G_@z vLV. NG zG z{ SYN
ifi N@v Gr uqqg L@. zP
vL L NL_@? SP NPfisV @zYd
x @fi fi z{ z q ifi
zfi@? NYrq P q @.
NY @s, Pfl NL,
SP @ N@T N _r@ Sfig
N@. z g @N zV Sfi@z
.
NP _ @[ N@Y P Nzrfi
rq Sfi@ @N@T zP. _@ z NY,
@zYd x > iqg LP d.
Pg Nt qgv. qP v Pfl@
q N@q NV qq z
v. rv Sfi@? NYs _@
210 * P[@ @_@Vr

Yfi_ N@v fi.

_@ rq Sfi@ k
zvg NY@ zP@. z, qg qq
zi@V? _@ vg Pzfig v.
zfiPL _@ V@^ }s Pfi. L
zfi G@Ng q_@ NYq L@.
z@ _qg L vL, NL,
_@v @P N}@. }s L s@g
q SfiP N@v q? @fi q.
@vfl@ NzVfi. ^
NP qg @.
NPfig NY@ Sg P @ SP
@ Nz q @ N@}@ @.
q SYN Sz@^ SP NP{t.
NPY q@@ N zP. fi
zg L @k . S
Sz@^ @. s N@v NY@Vg NYt,
LP NL.
SP @ rNYk @B NPvg
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irq_ N@v@ zP. k zfi
L NY@V @ z fiP SNLfi
PL i N@ v. s fi z,
NL.
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N@ v@. Nz_ @ z L q_?
q@@ V @v@@V@ qi
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g bNzfiP s@s@ q@^g
v@. _@ , _@ @fi
P. N@k _ @[ _@ NL. Sg
@ v @ v@. L zG zG @
SfiPs@ Sg zL s@^@V P q
fiP L @ NPv_@s Y
v@.
g @ Nfi SY. iP Nfi. SY
? _ @v.
gP vNG Sfi. S
211 *

NY@^ NP @ z ^V v
q@, NL.
L Pbs PbsLt Y
flz a iP. P Sfi, t
Sfi, g Sfi, Y @[P P. _@
NPfis r NV@^ SP P q @
r Y_ N@v. fi zP L, fi L
L. zg v @P Sfi@@
_@ Sfi@G N gP Sfi@ . Y
q@@ N gP SNPY.
_@ NV@^ fi Sfi@. L
N@. N@, qg v,
fig v fi [s NP v_r.
...V@ NP v_r. @>q
NYrq is@ Nzg v P^
qv Sfi@@. i..@ NY@
Nzg_ @fig uV @z z N@qL
_. @_r@@ @Pv q.
P @ v q zg q Nq
@ SYL N@k Pfl z_r Jiv
L Sz@P i@V Sfi i g
z@.
NV@ q S . ig fi
qg vz v@. _@ NV@ Sfi
fl@ Nvv i@. _@^
Sfi u@V P @@. z@ q
@ TNvkq _@^@V .Y.&z
N@v. t _@^ q i
Sfi @v. SNPY uqgq...
Sg NLq SfiP.
Sg N@k zfi _@ NPfis@V @fi
i q. PP r fi NL,
NY@ @fi S_L rq
@V. _@^P NzL Sfi. _@
@q@ z Nzg , _@ P
@fi k z Nk N@
zPL? S_@ z|@ NY N
uvN Nz uqvfi.
212 * P[@ @_@Vr

 @fi NL z@^ L
z@? _@ @v .
zfi @fi ^@V? i
L qv? P, SPg NY@
NY@. N? _rv @v r.
, zfi NL NkP zG
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uvN @v >@, @, d, @vs^, i
z v q@. ^ S^z N@^@V
Sfi@, _@z NL.
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LLgv V@V . _@ NL.
g NYP . Sg NY NY
P V v@V rv@. Sg NV@
LL @NYk N^@_@. g V
vP u SYPs@V rg v@V, P
i V _@v@. Lk L
V i@, Nzq@, Bk NYv NPz_
@. figq N@vP fizV X
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g SNPYk N . zg v Nfi
v Sfi, r NL.
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q . Ps@ @ zG @k @,
q t @k @N,
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^ g rq z_. S>
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NL.
NPL
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r.
213 *

iNL
_@

NPfis@V NV @gv @q
L_@ Sfi. Sg_ v J V@ qP
>g @g @ . NV@ fi v.
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Sfi. Nq t l Sfi. v
q vP zfiz@. Sg L Nq z
ufiP NYr@.
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v @v, >sg i ^@
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q S[@v@V ?
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g vv P v L, NG i
@z zfiP. L Sq zY.
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S[g? P NV@^P Sfi@@V, _
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sfi, } Y Sfi. rv L Sfi?
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GLV NB V@V NPv @t
214 * P[@ @_@Vr

Nk v g . Sg q
v@q q@?
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L NP fi Pvz Vg V @ G
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215 *

zPzV SPg N & P P@ qV

N L P P q NPfisfiP
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216 * P[@ @_@Vr

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217 *

Sfi@. N@k P_ @qq J

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218 * P[@ @_@Vr

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219 *

>q
L v i vv J. _@
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220 * P[@ @_@Vr

SP @v gV NL, g
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fi Nq zfi z Nz Nk fi, NP.
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221 *

g? NzPz fi vN@v. Yfi

} Sfi@. NPfis fik NPg
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222 * P[@ @_@Vr

, z@ z_r G@.
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223 *

@k @ qg q drrq Sfi
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224 * P[@ @_@Vr

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225 *

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Sg N@T NYG? V N@}@
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226 * P[@ @_@Vr

. Nq _ @[ zfi @q @v
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227 *

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228 * P[@ @_@Vr

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229 *

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g NG L zv@ q Pv_@@.
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230 * P[@ @_@Vr

rqfi dYP NzPv @B, @,

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231 *

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