1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 anatomi paru kelainan congenital paru atelektasis penyakit vascular paru penyakit difus paru-------radang paru tumor paru kelainan pd pleura
* obstruktip * restriktip ------intra pulmonal extra pulmonal
Anomali congenital
Agenesis / hypoplasia Kelainan trachea & bronchus Kongenital emphysema Kista congenital Intralobular dan extralobular squestrations
agenesis
aplasia
hypoplasia
Congenital emphysema
Congenital
Pulmonar cyst
Bronchogenic cyst
Intrapulmon. squestrasi
ATELEKTASIS
Expansi paru tak lengkap / kolaps paru yg telah berudara
Obstruction atelektasis Compressip atelektasis Mikro atelektasis Contraksi atelektasis
OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE (COPD) Emphysema Chronic bronchtis Asthma Bronchectasis Cystic fibrosis bronchiolitis
emphysema
Pelebaran perpermanen rongga distal terminal bronchioli disertai kerusakan dinding Centriacinar (centrilobular) Panacinar (panlobular) Distalacinar (Paraseptal)
CHRONIC BRONCHITIS
Def. Batuk2 produktip dan persisten lebih 3 bln selama 2 thn
Simple chrn.bronchitis Chrn.mucopurulent bronchitis Chrn. Asthmatic bronchitis Chrn. Obstructive bronchitis
ASTHMA
Intrinsik asthma Extrinsik asthma
BRONCHIECTASIS
Def. Permanen dilatasi dari bronchi/bronchioli karena kerusakan otot dan jaringan elastik (necrotizing infektion)
SYSTEMA PERNAFASAN
ANOMALIA GONGENITAL ATELEKTASIS HEMODINAMMIK GANGUAN VASCULAR---EDEMA---JEJAS MICROVASCULAR - ADRS - EMBOLISMA,HEMORRGAGE,INFARCT - PULM. HYPERTENSI. VAS. SCLER. PENYAKIT DIFUS-----OBSTRUKTIP-------EMPHYSEMA BRONKI TIS ASTHMA BRONKIECTASIS RESTRIKTIP------ EXTRAPULMONAL INTRAPULMONAL RADANG PARU TUMOR PARU KELAINAN PLERA TAMBAHAN: CAV. NASI , NASOPHARYNX , LARYNX.
PENYAKIT RESTRIKTIF
Restriktif kronik---radang kronik----------fibrosis(sekumpulan penyakit dgn persamaan gejala: *klinis : sesak nafas * radiologis : groundglass picture *Pa : fibrosis
ANTHRACOS
CWP-----PMF
SILICOSIS
BERILLIOSIS
INFEKSI PARU
PNEUMONI BACTERIAL -lobar pneumonia / broncho pneumonia
VIRAL PNEUMONIA
ABSCESS PARU
Def. Nekrosis lokal dan supuratip dlm paru
TBC PARU
Penyebaran penyakit
TUMOR PARU
Yg secundair banyak.
Yg primer: jarang Bronkogenik Ca = 95% 5% = bronchial carcinoid, mesothelioma, bronchial gland Ca
mesenchimal Sa, lymphoma
Jinak:
hamartoma
HAMARTOMA
Kanker paru
Smookers , lingkungan , heriditar Laki : wanita = 2 : 1 usia 40-70 thn
Resiko Perokok biasa ---- risk 10x ,, berat ---- risk 20x ,, pasip ---- risk 2x
Bronchogenic carsinoma
I NON SMALL CELL LUNG CA (NSCLC) 70%-75% 1 epidermoid Ca (20-25%) 2 adeno Ca (30-35% 3 Large cell Ca (10-15%)
II SMALL CELL CA (SCLC) 20-25% III COMBINED PATTREN (5-10%)
SQUAMOUS CELL CA
ADENO CA
LARGE CELL CA
ALVEOLAR CELL CA
PANCOASTS SYNDROMA
HORNERS SYNDROMA
MIOSIS PTOSIS ENOPHTHALMUS ANHYDROSIS
PLEURA EFFUSION: Transudat Exudat--------empyema PNEUMOTORAX TUMOR: Malignant Mesothelioma Sarcomatoid Epithelial biphasik
PLEURA
EFFUSION (cairan) - TRANSUDAT (BD: < 1,015) (CHF) - EXSUDAT: (BD : > 1,016 1,020 ) (RADANG) -Serosa -Sero-fibrinosa -Fibrinosa -PurulentaEmpiema -HEMATOTHORAX -CHYLOTHORAX
PNEUMOTHORAX---------- SPONTANEA (udara) OPEN CLOSED VENTIL
Mesotheliomasel2
Sel2ganas bifasic
HIDUNG
RHINITIS AKUTA: Stadium viral --------cairan kataral ,, bacterial----eksudat hijau
RHINITIS ALLERGIKA (radang eosinophil) RHINITIS CHRONIKA------Mucosa atrofi Rhinitis Atroficans S Rhinitis SICCA S OZAENA
SINUS PARANASAL
Sinusitis : radang---mucocele----empiema (awas dekat otak)
LARYNG
LARINGITIS KRONIKA
SQUAMOUS METAPLASI EPITHEL MUCOUS GLAND HYPERTROPHY
TUMOR LARYNG
JINAK:
NASOPHARYNX