METODE INTEGRASI

Rumus-rumus dasar Integral :

1. d/dx f(x)dx = f(x) + c
2. (U+V)dx = Udx + Vdx , U dan V fgs dari x
3. Udx = Udx , konstanta, U fgs dari x
4. Undu = (Un+1/n+1) + c , n -1
5. du/u = ln u +c
6. audu = (au/ln a) + c , a>0, a 1
7. eudu = eu + c
8. sin u du = - cos u + c
9. cos u du = sin u + c
10. tg u du = ln sec u + c
11. ctg u du = ln sin u + c
12. sec u du = ln sec u + tg u + c
13. cosec u du = ln cosec u ctg u + c
14. sec2 u du = tg u + c
15. cosec2 u du = -ctg u + c
16. sec u tg u du = sec u + c
17. cosec u ctg u du = - cosec u + c
Contoh :
1. x4dx = (x5/5) + c
2. 2xdx = 2 xdx = 2(x2/2) = x2 + c
3. 2x2+3x+1dx = 2 x2dx + 3 xdx + dx = 2/3x3 + 3/2x2 + x + c
4. (1-x)xdx = xdx - xxdx = x1/2dx - x3/2dx
= x3/2/3/2 - x5/2/5/2 = 2/3x3/2 2/5x5/2 + c

5. 1/x4dx = x-4dx = x-3/-3 = (-1/3x3) + c

6. (2x3+3x2+xdx)/x = 2x2+3x+1dx = 2/3x3+3/2x2+x+c
7. (5x4-4x3+3x2dx)/x2 = 5x2-4x+3dx = (5/3)x3-(4/2)x2+3dx
= (5/3)x3-2x2+3x+c
8. 2x-(1/x3)dx = 2x - x-3dx = (2/2)x2-(x-2/-2)dx = x2+1/2x-2+c
9. (2-x)xdx = 2xdx - xxdx = (2/2)x2dx - x3/2dx
= x2-2/5x5/2+c
10. (3x2+4x-5dx)/x = 3x+4-(5/x)dx = 3x+4-5x-1dx
= 3/2x2+4x-5ln x +c

INTEGRAL DGN METODE SUBTITUSI

1. (x3+2)3.3x2dx U = x3+2
du/dx = 3x2 , dx = du/3x2
= U3.3x2.du/3x2
= U3du = U4/4 = {(x3+2)4/4} + c
2. 6x2 dx
(x3-3)

U = x3-3
du/dx = 3x2 , dx = du/3x2
= 6x2 . du = 2 du = 2 ln u = 2ln x3-

3 +c
U

3x2

3. 5x.1-3x2dx U = 1-3x2
du/dx = -6x , dx = du/-6x

= 5x.U.du = -5U.du = -5.U1/2.du

-6x
6
6
= -5/6.2/3.U3/2 = -5/9U3/2 = -5/9(1-3x2)1-3x2
4. cos3xdx

U = 3x
du/dx = 3, dx = du/3
= cos U.du/3 = 1/3 cos udu = 1/3sin udu
= 1/3sin3x + c

5. e3xdx

U = 3x
du/dx = 3 , dx = du/3
= eu.du/3 = 1/3 eudu = 1/3e3x + c

6. 4xsin(x2+4)dx U = x2+4
du/dx = 2x , dx = du/2x
= 4x.sin u.du/2x = 2 sinudu = -2cos u
= -2cos(x2+4) + c
7.

dx
(x+3)

U = x + 3
du = dx
= du/u = ln u = ln x+3 +c

8.

x dx
2
(x -1)

U = x2-1
du/dx = 2x , dx = du/2x
= x/u.du/2x = ln u + ln c
= ln x2-1 + ln c

9. cos 1/2xdx

U = 1/2x
du/dx = , dx = du/1/2 dx = 2du
= cos u.2du = 2 cos udu = 2 sin udu
= 2 sin 1/2x + c

INTEGRAL PARSIAL
Rumus :

Udv = UV - Vdu

Mengandung : ~ Polinom dg trigonometri (xn.sinx)

~ Polinom dg eksponensial (xn.ex)
~ Eksponensial dg trigonometri (ex.sinx)
~ logaritma atau Ln
1. xcos xdx

u = x , du = dx
dv = cos xdx , v = sin x
= xsinx - sin xdx
= xsinx + cosx + c

2. xsinxdx

u = x , du/dx = 1 , du = dx
dv = sinxdx , v = -cosx
= -xcosx - cos xdx
= -xcosx + sinx + c

3. xexdx

u = x , du/dx = 1 , du = dx
dv = exdx , v = ex
= xex - exdx
= xex ex + c

4. xlnxdx

u = lnx , du/dx = 1/x , du = (1/x)dx

dv = xdx , v = 1/2x2
= lnx.1/2x2 - 1/2x2.1/xdx
= lnx.1/2x2 - xdx
= lnx.1/2x2 - (1/2x2)
= lnx.1/2x2 - 1/4x2 + c

5. x2e2xdx

u = x2 , du/dx = 2x , du = 2xdx
dv = e2xdx , v = ()e2x
= x2.1/2e2x - .e2x.2xdx
= x2.1/2e2x - x.e2xdx ..pasrsialkn lg
= x2.1/2e2x - { x..e2x - .e2xdx }
= x2.1/2e2x - { x..e2x e2x }
= x2.1/2e2x + x..e2x e2x + c

6. x2lnxdx

u = ln x , du/dx = 1/x , du = (1/x)dx

dv = x2dx , v = (1/3)x3
= lnx.1/3x3 - 1/3x3.1/xdx
= lnx.1/3x3 - 1/3 x2dx
= lnx.1/3x3 - 1/3 (1/3x3)
= lnx.1/3x3 - 1/9x3 + c

INTEGRAL FUNGSI TRIGONOMETRI

Rumus reduksi :
a. cosn xdx = 1/n.cosn-1x.sinx + n-1/n cos n-2 xdx
b. sinn xdx = -1/n.sinn-1x.cosx + n-1/n sin n-2 xdx
c. dx/cosnx = secnxdx = 1/n-1(sinx/cosn-1x)+n-2/n-1 secn-2xdx
d. dx/sinnx = cosecnxdx =-1/n-1(cosx/cosn-1x)+n-2/n-1 cosecn-2xdx
Rumus lainnya :
1. sin2x + cos2x = 1
2. 1 + tg2x = sec2x
3. 1 + ctg2x = cosec2x
4. sin2x = (1 cos2x)
5. cos2x = (1 + cos2x)
6. sin x cos x = sin2x
7. sin x cos y = {sin(x-y) + sin(x+y)}
8. sin x sin y = {cos(x-y) - cos(x+y)}
9. cos x cosy = {cos(x-y) + cos(x+y)}
10. 1 cos x = 2 sin2 x
11. 1 + cos x = 2 cos2 x
12. 1 sin x = 1 cos (1/2)n x
Rumus reduksi lainnya :
sinmx cosnxdx = sinm+1x.cosm-1x + n-1 sinmx.cosm-1xdx
m+n
m+n
Contoh :
1. cos5xdx = 1/5cos4x.sinx + 4/5 cos3xdx .rms (a)
= 1/5cos4x.sinx + 4/5{1/3cos2x.sinx+2/3 cosxdx}
= 1/5cos4x.sinx + 4/15cos2x.sinx+8/15sinx+c
2. cos3xdx = 1/3cos2xsinx + 2/3 cosxdx rms (a)
= 1/3cos2xsinx + 2/3sinx + c

3. sin2xdx = -1/2sinxcosx + sin0xdx .rms (b)

= -1/2sinxcosx + 1dx
= -1/2sinxcosx + x + c (atau)
= -1/2(1/2sin2x)+ x
=-1/4sin2x + x + c
= (1-cos2x)dx . Rms 4
= dx cos2xdx (1/a sinax)
= x sin2x + c
= x (2sinxcosx)
= x sinx cosx + c
= - ( sin2x) + x rms 6
= - sin2x + 1/2x + c
4. sin3x cosxdx = (sin2x + sin4x)dx rms 7
= sin2xdx + sin4xdx
= (-1/2cos2x) + (-1/4cos4x)
= -1/4cos2x 1/8cos4x + c
5. sin5x sin3xdx = (cos2x cos8x)dx rms 8
= cos2xdx cos8xdx
= ( sin2x) (1/8 sin 8x)
= sin2x 1/16 sin8x + c
6. cos4x cos2xdx = (cos2x + cos 6x)dx rms 9
= cos2xdx + cos6xdx
= ( sin2x) + (1/6sin6x)
= sin2x + 1/12 sin6x + c
7. sin6xdx = -1/6 sin5x cosx + 5/6 sin4xdx
= -1/6 sin5x cosx + 5/6 {-1/4sin3xcosx + 3/4 sin2xdx}
= -1/6 sin5x cosx + 5/6 {-1/4sin3xcosx + 3/4 1/2(1-cos2xdx}

= -1/6 sin5x cosx + 5/6 {-1/4sin3xcosx + 3/4 1/2dx1/2 cos2xdx

= -1/6 sin5x cosx + 5/6 {-1/4sin3xcosx + (1/2x-1/4sin2x)}
= -1/6 sin5x cosx + 5/6 (-1/4sin3xcosx + 3/8x 3/16sin2x}
= -1/6 sin5x cosx 5/24sin3xcosx + 15/48x 15/96sin2x + c

INTEGRAL FUNGSI RASIONAL

FUNGSI RASIONAL SEJATI :
(1) Faktor linear yg berbeda
Jika g(x) = (a1x+b1)(a2x+b2)(anx+bn)
Maka f(x) = A1 + A2 + .
An
A1x+b1 a2x+b2
Anx+bn
Contoh :
1. F(x) = x+1 dx = x+1 = A + B
X2-4x-12
(x-6)(x+2) x-6 x+2
= A(x+2) + B(x-6) = (A+B)x + (2A-6B)
(x-6)(x+2)
x2-4x-12
(A+B)x = x
A+B = 1
A
= 1-B
A
=1-1/8
A
= 7/8

2A-6B = 1
2(1-B)-6B = 1
2-2B-6B = 1
-8B = -1
B = 1/8

F(x) = x+1 dx = 7dx + dx = 7/8ln x6 +1/8ln x+2 +c

x2-4x-12
8(x-6) 8(x+2)
2. F(x) = x 4 dx = x 4
= A - B
2
x +x-12
(x+4)(x-3)
x+4 x-3
= A(x-3)-B(x+4) = (A-B)x (-3A-4B)

x2+x-12

(x+4)(x-3)
(A-B)x = x
A-B = 1
A = 1+B

3A+4B = -4
3(1+B)+4B = -4
3+3B+4B = -4
7B = -4+3
B = -1/7

A=1+B
= 1 1/7

= 8/7
F(x) = x 4 dx= 8/7 dx + 1/7 dx =
8/7ln x+4 +1/7ln x-3 +c
x2+x-12
(x+4)
(x-3)
FAKTOR LINIER BERULANG :
Jika g(x) = (ax+b)m berulang sebanyak m kali
Maka F(x) = A
+
B
+ . + Am
2
(a1x+b1) (a2x+b2)
(amx+bm)m
Contoh :
1. x
dx = A + B = A(x-3) + B
2
(x-3)
(x-3) (x-3)2
(x-3)2
Ax-3A+B = x
Ax = x
A =1

-3A+B = 0
-3(1)+B = 0
B=3

x
dx = 1dx + 5 dx
2
(x-1)
(x-1)
(x-1)2

u = x-1 maka = 5 du
du = dx
u2
= 5 u-2du
= 5u-1 = -5 = -5
-1
u x-1

= ln x-1 - 5 + c
x-1

INTEGRAL TERTENTU
b f(x)dx = f(x)

= f(b) f(a)

Contoh :
1. 1 2 x2+2xdx = x3 + 2x2 = 1x3 + x2 21
3
2
3
3
= { 1/3(2) + (2)2 } { 1/3(1)3 + (1)2 }
= { 8/3 + 4 } { 1/3 + 1 }
= 20/3 4/3
= 16/3
2. 4

x dx u = x2-15 maka
x2-15
du/dx = 2x
dx = du/2x

x . du = 4 8 u-1/2du
u1/2 2x = u1/2

= x2-15 84
= (64-15)-(16-15)

= 7-1 = 6
3. 1 8 1+3x dx = 1 8 ( 1 + 3x)1/2 dx u = 1+3x
= 1 8 u1/2 . du/3
du/dx = 3
8 1/2
= 1/3 1 u du
dx = du/3
3/2
= 1/3 u
3/2

= 2/9 u3/2
= 2/9 u 2/2.u1/2
= 2/9 (1+3x)(1+3x) 81
= { 2/9(1+3.8)1+3.8 } { 2/9(1+3)1+3 }
= { 2/9.25.5 } { 2/9.4.2 }
= 250/9 16/9
= 234/9

= 26