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Transfer function to be modeled:

yo = K yi as +bs + c
2

Transformation so that only integration, no differentiation:


a s2 yo + b s y o + c y o = K yi a yo + b c K yo + 2 yo = 2 yi s s s

a yo =

K b c yi yo 2 yo 2 s s s

yo =

1 1 K c y i b y o y o s a s s 1 1 1 b y o + (K y i c y o ) s a s

yo =

Introducing two state variables x1, x2:


x1 = 1 (K y i c x 2 ) s

x2 =

1 1 ( b x 2 + x1 ) s a

yo = x2

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