1. 16 TENSES 1. Simple Present Tense Examples A. I eat friend chicken everyday B.

The ice is cold Pattern (+) S + is/am/are + Adj/Adv/N (-) S + is/am/are + Not + Adj/Adv/N S (?) Is/am/are + S + Adj/Adv/N ? (+) S + V1 / V1 + S ws / ies + O (-) S + do / does + Not + V1 + O (?) Do / does + S+ V1 + O ? 2. Present Continous Tense (+) S + is/am/are + Ving + O (-) S + is/am/are + Not + Ving + O (?) Is/am/are + S + Ving + O ? 3. Present Perfect Tense (+) S + has / have + V3 + O (-) S + has / have + Not + V3 + O (?) Has / have + S + V3 + O ? 4. Present Perfect Continous Tense Function : To show an activity which has happened and which in still in progres Pattern : (+) S + has/have + been + Ving + O (-) S + has/have + Not + been + Ving + O (?) Has/have + S + been + Ving ? Example : * Linda has been watching Upin and Ipin for 3 haurs * We have been studying english for 40 minutes Since : Specified time For : Duration of time

5. Simple Past Tense S + V2 + O Tobe Example I bought a new car yesterday I was sick last week I stood under a tree when it began to rain When it began to rain, I stood under a tree

Adverb of time Yesterday Last week 2 days ago Etc

6. Past continuous tense S + was/were +Ving + O I was walking down the street yesterday I was walking down the street when it began to rain While I was walking down the street, it began to rain

Adverb of time White and when that is followed by clausec

7. Past perfect tense S + had + V3 + O been Example : My parents had already eaten by the tim. I got home Sam had left before we got there

Adverd of time : After As soon as Until Befre When

8. Past perfect continuous tense Example : The police has been looking for the criminal for two years caughty them Her eyes were red because she had been crying

Adverb of time When that is followed by clause

9. Simple future tense S + will/shall + V1 + O To be going to Example : Buy did you buy this polint ? Im going to paint my room. The phone is ringing. I willget it.

10. Futere continous tense S + will B + Ving + O Example : I will begin to study at seven You will come at eight. I will be studying when you came

Adverb of time : By this time next week The this time tomorrow All day tomorrow

11. Future perfect tense S + will have + V2 + O been Example : I will graduate in June I Will See You in July. By nett time I see you, I will have graduate Adverb of time In two years time By this time next year

By the end of By the next

12. Futere perfect continous tense stwill have been + have been + Ving + O Example : I wil go to bed at ten p.m He will get hame at midnight. At midnight I will be sleeping. I will have been sleeping for two hours by the time he gets hame. Adverb of time : By the and of.. For five years by next month By this time next

13. Past futere tense S + would + V1 + O Example : When I was a child, I would go the zoo

14. Past future continouse tense S + Would be + Ving + O Example : When I was a child, I would have gone to the zoo

15. Past future perfect tense S + would have + V3 + O been 16. Past future perfect continous tense. S + would have been + Ving + O Example : When I was a child, I would be going to the zoo

2. CONDOTIONAL SENTENCES Tipe I : If + S + is/am/are + O, S + will + V1 + O V1 + V1 + S/es/ies ( Tne in the present and future ) Example : If Susi has a lot of money, she will buy an aeroplane

Type II : If + S + were + O, S + would + V1 + O V2 be Example : If tommy were Robert pattinson, he would be an actor Fact : Tommy isnt Robert Pattinson so he inst an dpctor

Type III : If + S + had been + O Had + V3 (untrue in the past) : S + would have + V3 + O Would have been Example : If Cintya had studied hard she would have graduated earlier Fact : Cintya didnt study hard so she didnt Graduate earlier

Mixed Type : If jack taken a bath this morning, he wouldnt be so smelly Type 3 Type 2 Fact : Jack didnt take a bath this morning so he is smelly Example : 1. My father wouldnt have gone to the dactor in the disease hadnt been severe Fact : my father went to the doctor because the disease was severe 2. If peter had found the suspect last night, he would report to the polite now Fact : Peter didn,t find the suspect last night sohe isnt report to the polite now 3. Maria and Jane wouldnt be able to pay the school fee if their didnt earn the money Fact : Maria and Jane are able to pay the school fee because their father earns the money 3. Reported speech / Indirect Speech Basically there are four types of reparted speech A. Reported speech derived from statement B. Reported speech derived from yes / no question C. Reported speech derived from wh question D. Reparted speech derived from Imperative A. Indirect speech derived from statement How to transform direct speech to indirect speech

1. Omit the quatation marks 2. Insert that after the in troductary verb. When the introductory verbs are tell or saya that can be omitted 3. Change / adjust the pronous, adverbs of time and tanSes No 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Direct speech Simple present Simple past Present continuous Peresent perfect Past continuous Past perfect Future Future continuous Etc TENSES Indirect Speech Simple past Past perfect Past continuous Past perfect Pas perfect continuous Past perfect Past future Past future continuous Should, would, couldmight, must/had to Not change Was, were Didnt + Verb1 Hadnt + Verb3 Indirect speech That day The day before Two day before The next day / the following day In two days time The following week The previous year Then That night That Those There

Auxiliary Shall will can, may, must Could, would, might Am. Is, are Doesnt/dont + Verb1 DidnT + Verb1 Adverbs No Direct speech 1. Today 2. Yesterday 3. The day before yesterday 4. Tomorrow 5. The day after tomorrow 6. Next week 7. A year ago 8. Now 9. Tonight 10 This . 11 These . 12 Here . 13 etc .

1. D : My father will leave for Berlin next week, she said I : He said her father would leave for Berlin the following week

2. D : My father has passed away, the boy said I : Her father had passed away 3. D : we will spend the night here, she told us I : She told us that we would spend the night there

B. Reported speech derived from yes / no question How t transform direct speech to indirect speech 1. Omit the quatation speech 2. insert if or whea ther after the introductory verb 3. Change / adjust the pronouns, adverbs of to time and tenses 4. Chang the word order fram inversion to normat so she word order is if / whether + subject + (auxiliary If there is a auxiliary ) + verb + . Examples : 1. Area you sick ? asted him She asked him if / wheter he was sick 2. Did you see atted the meeting last night ? he asked us He asked us if we had attended the meeting the night before 3. Does your brother like pizza ? she asked me She asked me if / whether my brother liked pizza C. Reported speect derived from 1. Omit the questation marks 2. Change / adjust the pronouns, adverbs of time and tenses 3. Chang the word order from inversion to normal so the word order is question word + subject + (auxiliary If there is a autiliary) verb + . Example : 1. Where did you go yesterday ? she asked me She asked me where I had gone the daya before 2. Why do you come late ? She asked me She asked me why I Came late 3. When will your brother return to Bandung ? She asked him She asked me when his brother would return to Bandung question

D. Reperted speech derived from imperative / command 1. Omit the questation marks 2. Change / adjust the pronous , adverbs of time and tenses 3. Inser to (passive) or not to (Negative0 man verb in the direct speech Example : 1. Open the door, please! she told me She told me to open the door 2. Dont go out! He told us He told us not to go out 3. Please lock the door before leave the house ! be told her He told her to lock the door before she left the house 4. ADJECTIVE CLAUSE An adjective clause also called an adjectival or reative clause will meet there requirements : Firse, It will contain a subjectand verb Next it will begin with a relative pronan (sho, wham. That, whose, or which) or a realative adverb Finally, It will function as an adjective ans wering. The questions what kind ? How many ? or which one ? The adjective clause will follaw one of these two patterns : Relative pronaun or adverb + subject + verb Relative pronouns as subject + verb Example : Who big, brown eyes pleaded for another cookie Whose : relative pronouns : eyes = subject , pleaded = verb Why = relative adverb, fred = subject, can stand = verb (not, an adverb is not officially of the verb) That bounced across the kitchen floor That = relative pronoun functioning as subject, bounced = verb

Here are se verall etam ples of senteces with the adjective clauses underlined Pizza, which most peple love, is not very healthy The people whase names are on the list will go to camp Grandpa remebers the old days when there was no television Fruit that is grown organically is expensive Student who are intelligent get good grades I Know some one whose father served in world war II

ANDRE JORGI WEKIN XB 02 BAHASA INGGRIS