Anda di halaman 1dari 4

Adolescence

Identity Development

Identity Development
Erikson
Identity vs. Identity Confusion Exploration

Marcia
Diffusion Moratorium Foreclosure Achievement

Identity: Two Components


Content
Private self
Agency Unity Otherness Decentering/ distancing

Evaluation
Meaning assigned to roles

Public Self

Marcia: Identity Status


Diffusion
Lack of exploration & commitment Why?
Lack optimism Lack confidence Deny need Avoid failure

Moratorium
Active exploration No commitment Results in constructed identity Personality:
High anxiety

Personality:
External LOC Low autonomy

Marcia: Identity Status


Foreclosure
Commitment No exploration Results in conferred identity Personality:
Low anxiety High authoritarianism High obedience

Achievement
High exploration High commitment Personality:
Internal LOC High autonomy High egocentrism

Marcia: Developmental Sequence?


Original theory
Diffusion Foreclosure Moratorium Achievement

Recent research
Flexible movement MAMA

Marcia Today
Based on current behavior
Current exploration & current commitment

Diffusion Moratorium Achieving commitment Closed commitment

Role Experimentation
Closed identity domains Open identity domains Psychosocial moratorium Family influences

Identity Information Processing

Female Identity
Erikson criticisms Sequencing
Identity intimacy Intimacy identity

Relationship building & identity Exploration & women

Racial, Ethnic & Sexual Orientation Identity Theories

Diffusion Moratorium Achievement

Other Identity States


Negative Identity
Accept negative description
Lack of positive information Self-fulfilling prophecy

Identity Confusion
Conflicting messages Difficulty w/ integration of roles Personality:
Less conscientious More negative emotions More disagreeable More depression Frequent drug use

Overidentification with devalued member of community

Anda mungkin juga menyukai