OSTEOLOGI

dr. Al-Muqsith
Anatomy Department of Medical Education Unit Malikussaleh University

BENTUK
Tulang Panjang (long bone) ex : os humerus, os femur Tulang pendek (short bone) ex : ossa carpalia Tulang ceper/gepeng (flat bone) ex : os parietalis Tulang tak teratur bentuk ( irregular bone) ex : 0s coxae Tulang berongga ex : os maxilla, os ethmoidale

FUNGSI
Memberikan bentuk tubuh Menunjang berat badan Tempat perlekatan otot Melindungi alat-alat tubuh yang lunak Pergerakan, ex : melalui persendian Membentuk sel-sel darah Depot zat-zat kimia, ex : Ca, P, Mg

STRUKTUR
Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Tulang pendengaran

Axial Skeleton
1. Cranium/skull (21) A. Neurocranium B. Viscerocranium (splanchnocranium) 2. Columna vertebralis (5) 3. Costae (24) 4. Sternum (1) - manubrium - corpus - proc. Xiphoideus / proc. ensiformis

Appendicular Skeleton
Extremitas Superior (64) Extremitas Inferior (62) Tulang Pendengaran Os Malleus (martil) (2) Os Incus (landasan) (2) Os Stapes (sanggurdi) (2)

Cranium/skull
A. Neurocranium - os frontalis (1) - os parietalis (2) - os occipitalis (1) - os ethmoidalis (1) - os sphenoidalis (1) - os temporalis (2) Viscerocranium / splanchnocranium - os zygomaticus (2) - os lacrimales (2) - os nasalis (2) - os vomer (1) - os concha nasalis inferio (2) - os palatinum (2) - os maxilla (2) - os mandibula (1)

B.

Columna vertebralis
Vert. cervicales (7) - VC I : Atlas - VC II : Epistropheus - VC VII : Prominens Vert. thoracales (12) Vert. Lumbales (5) Vert. Sacrales (5) (1) Vert. coccygeus (3-4) (1)

Costa
Costae verae (sejati) 7 pasang Costae spuria (palsu) 3 pasang Costae fluctuantes (melayang) 2 pasang

Extremitas Superior
Os scapula (2) Os clavicula (2) Os humerus (2) Os ulna (2) Os radius (2) Os carpalia (2) - naviculare manus / scapoid (2) - lunatum / semilunar (2) - triquetrum / cuneiform (2) - pisiformis (2) - multangulum manus / trapezium (2) - multangulum minus / trapezoideum (2) - capitatum / magnum (2) - hamatum / unciform (2) Ossa metacarpalia (10) Phalanges (28) Os sessamoid

Extremitas Inferior
Os coxae (2) Os femur (2) Os patella (2) Os tibia (2) Os fibula (2) Ossa tarsalia - thalus (2) - calcaneus (2) - naviculare pedis (2) - cuneiform I / medialis / primum (2) - cuneiform II / intermedia / secundum (2) - cuneiform llI / lateralis / tertium (2) - cuboideum (2) Ossa metatarsalia (10) Phalanges (28) Os sessamoid