3 totalitarian dictators in Europe during the 1930s and WWII

Why did they come to power? Effects of the Treaty of Versailles Political & economic problems after WWI

Treaty of Versailles Humiliated Germany

Took land from Germany Demilitarized Germany Forced Germany to pay huge war reparations Forced Germany to take ALL blame for WWI

Treaty of Versailles Angered Russia

Left out of the peace conference, even though they fought with the Allies & had the most casualties Took more land from Russia than Germany

People accepted strict leadership after WWI so that their countries could become strong again.

Who were these European dictators?

#1 = Joseph Stalin

#2 = Benito Mussolini Italy Fascist

(believed in nationalism + Ethnocentrism + totalitarian Government + private property)

What is Fascism? Nationalism = belief in national superiority Fascism = belief in

nationalism + totalitarian govt. + private property

What is Fascism? REMEMBER Fascists and Communists disagree about property ownership! They HATE each other!!!

Mussolinis Fascist Italy

GOAL ~ create a new Roman Empire Italian military was built-up

#3 = Adolph Hitler Germany Fascist/Nazi Racist & Anti-Semitic (hated Jews)

Hitlers Nazi Germany

Weimar Republic signs the Treaty of Versailles 1933 ~ Hitler manipulated elections to become a dictator Many saw him as their last hope Hitler created a police state

Hitlers Naziism
Aryan race (white, blue eyes, blond hair) superior to all others Create a united German Empire (Third Reich) More living space needed for Germans, even if it meant war

Hitlers Naziism
Inferior races (Jews, Slavs, non-whites) were only fit to serve Aryans Hitler offered scapegoats for German problems (especially Jews) Scapegoat ~ someone who is wrongly blamed

Japan violates Kellogg-Briand Act & invades Manchuria Japan quits League of Nations Germany violates the Treaty of Versailles:
Quits League of Nations Stopped paying retributions Built up military Sends troops to Rhineland Germany invades Czechoslovakia

Italy violates the Treaty of Versailles:

Invades Ethiopia - League only boycotts Italian products

Germany violates Munich Pact (invades Poland)

Germany invades Czechoslovakia and is given the Sudetenland if it promises not to further expand = MUNICH PACT

Or was it the worldwide economic situation? (Depression)

CAUSES OF WORLD WAR II

1. EFFECTS OF THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES 2. ALLIANCES 3. NATIONALISM&FASCISM 4. EXPANSIONISM 5. MILITARISM 6. FAILURE OF LEAGUE OF NATIONS