Anda di halaman 1dari 46

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:
Mahmud Al Jahar , Al Jazeera,


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Hamas.
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Assad.
Hezbollah

, 1980, :
AMAL Hezbollah. .
11

From Hama to Hamas: Syria's Islamist Policies by Farid Ghadry in Focus Quarterly Spring 2009 http://www.
jewishpolicycenter.org/830/from-hama-to-hamas-syrias-islamist-policies

14
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http://ksipnistere.blogspot.com/2011/04/blog-post_6310.html
http://www.meforum.org/2531/iran-syria-hezbollah-axis

14

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24
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al-Haddadin, al-Hayyatin al-Kalbiyyan.

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).
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. 1930

1935 .
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1970.
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1969-70, .
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25
. addid, ' " ",
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. , 1972

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Jihad 1975
"". ' " ", "
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-Talia al-Mukatila ( )
addid Adnan Oqla.
,
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1976.

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1976 mma
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: 27 47
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mma.
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).

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(Camp David ,
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. ,
, 1990
, ,

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, Abou Jihad, 16 1988.

-,

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27
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$250 ., $75
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1975.
, 1945.
.
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'60, oussa Sadr.

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( ),
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" oussa Sadr..

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, Chiyah, Ghobeiri
rj al-Brajnieh , aaba urj-ammound
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1974-75

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31
.
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1975,
, .


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oussa Sadr. '


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32
,
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. .
, 1973,
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,
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1975
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1976,
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oussa Sadr ""
, .
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:
, ' ,
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.
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.
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1978,
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, , Muhammad
Mehdi Chamssedine, , , oussa Sadr.

33
: l- Daoua

. Cheikh Ibrahim al Amin.
1980 .
23 : Rahab al-Sadr,
, ussein usseini, ,
, erri, , oustafa chamran
( ) .
ussein oussaoui.
oussa Sadr
' .
, ,
,

. ,

. ,
,

,
.
1981, :
25
. ,
,
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:
abih Berri:
,
2 1982.
.
""

.
,
1976.
,
1980, - .
-
(odjatoleslam) ,
Sadegh aikhali, , 1980
, /
. S. Kalkhali,
Qom ,

34
oussa Sadr
.
abih Berri uhammad ehdi
Chamssedine '
,
.
: , 1980 abih
Berri , '
, ,
,
.
, abih Berri, , ibnine .
Freetowwn ( ) 1949.
1963
.
, ,
.
Berri,
1983,
,
.
, 1983-1984,
,
. 1984 abih Berri
,
. , S
, Frangie 1984,
o .

,
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.
.
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.
. ,
, ( 1985)
" " ,
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,
1983
. 1985
,

, .

35
. ,

, 1988
: "" ,
""
1
1987. 22 1987,
,
,
abih Berri

1943 .
: Hezballah.
1982
,
,
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abih Berri
"" .

,
" ".
, , :

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,
.

abih Berri ,
' . ,
- (17 1983), abih Berri
,
oustafa chamran, ussein ussaoui, ,

brahim al-min "" Berri

.
"" Berri
18 1981 "
"
asdaran , " " (
Hezballah).

36
" ",
.

. , 1980

.


, ,
. 8
1981,

, .
:

, , asdaran.
, "", , " ".
, ussaoui 19 1981.
25 1981 ussaoui.
:
Jebel Amil .
,
(Hezballah),
:
,

,
.
Hezballah.
.
Camp David
,
, .

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Ostad Naouab ,
iltiqat,
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, Hezballah maktab ()
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... Hezballah
,
. Hezballah
, ,
.
Hezballah Cheikh
uhammad ussein Fadlallah. 1986, ' ,
"
"(marja al-taqlid)
.

38
,
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:
,
.
.
.
' , Hezballah
. , abih
erri li Akbar Mohtashemi,
oussaoui
, Hezballah. li kdar
ohtashemi,
, Hezballah ,
. 1983, ,

, .
$400 .

.
ohtashemi,
Said Chaaban
1983,

.
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Hezballah .

.
"n Nahar", 5.000
1984.
,
, .
",
.
.
Hezballah " ".
Siddikin, ,
. ,
, , ,
.
600.000 ,
.

39
-
Hezballah - Jamaa Islamiyia
" -awhid.
Jamaa Islamiyia
Hezballah .

Hezballah " "
(-) Cheih Maher Hammoud, ""

.
" -awhid . ,
. 1982
.
, Djoundallah, :
halil kavi ilal Matar,
smat urad
bou Samir llouch
Tabana
"" :
,
,
.
awhid,
1982-1983, , , ,

Hezballah, 1987.

40
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