33

Tavi IV. kompleqsuri amplitudebis meTodi

magaliTi 4.1
pasiuri orpolusas kompleqsur Zabvas da dens aqvT
saxe a da v ) 7 24 ( ) 60 80 ( j I j U = + =

.
gamoiTvaleT kompleqsuri winaRoba, gamtaroba da
miuTiTeT, ra iqneba orpolusas ekvivalenturi
parametrebi.
ras udris fazaTa wanacvleba Zabvasa da dens Soris?
gansazRvreT Zabvasa da denis aqtiuri da reaqtiuli
mdgenelebi; aqtiuri, reaqtiuli da sruli simZlavreebi
aageT Zabvasa da denis veqtoruli diogramebi.
amoxsna
CavweroT kompleqsuri winaRoba da gamtaroba
maCveneblian formaSi da gamovsaxoT iseni veqtorul
diagramaze (nax.4.1):

nax.4.1
0 5 36
80
60
2 2
0
100 60 80
'
= + =
j
jarctg
e e U

v,
( 0 5 36
0
' =
U

);
5 1 16
24
7
2 2
0
25 7 24
'

= + =
j
jarctg
e e I

a, ( 5 1 16
0
' =
I

).
kompleqsuri winaRoba ganisazRvreba formuliT:
om ) 2 , 3 4 , 2 ( 4
25
100
5 53
5 1 16
0 5 36
0
0
0
j e
e
e
I
U
Z
j
j
+ = = = =
'
'
'

.
maSasadame, wredis ekvivalenturi parametrebia: aqti-
uri winaRoba om 4 , 2 = r da induqtiuri winaRoba
om 2 , 3 = x , romlebis SeerTebulia mimdevrobiT.
Tavi IV. kompleqsuri amplitudebis meTodi


34
wredis kompleqsuri winaRoba iqneba
sim) an om
-1
( ) 2 , 0 15 , 0 (
2 , 3 4 , 2
1 1
j
j Z
Y =
+
= = .
maSvin wredis ekvivalenturi parametrebia: aqtiuri gam-
taroba om 15 , 0 = g da induqtiuri gamtaroba
-1
om 2 , 0 = b ,
romlebis SeerTebulia paralelurad.
Zabvis da denis fazebis wanacvlebis kuTxe (igivea rac
Z argumenti)
5 0 53 ) 5 1 16 ( 0 5 36
0 0 0
' = ' ' = =
I U

.
Zabvis da denis aqtiuli da reaqtiuli mdgenelebi:
v
a
60 5 0 53 cos 100 cos
0
~ ' = = U U ;
v
r
80 5 0 53 sin 100 sin
0
~ ' = = U U ;
v
a
15 5 0 53 cos 25 cos
0
~ ' = = I I ;
v
r
20 5 0 53 sin 100 sin
0
~ ' = = I I .
aucivlebelia yuradReba miaqcioT imaze, rom zogadad
kompleqsuri Zabvis da denis namdvili da warmosaxviTi
nawilebi gansxvavdebian maT aqtiur da reaqtiul mdgene-
lebisagan.
aqtiuri, reaqtiuli da sruli simZlavreebi:
kvt vt 5 , 1 1500 4 , 2 25
2 2
= = = = r I P ;
kvar var 5 , 1 2000 2 , 3 25
2 2
= = = = x I Q ;
kva va 5 , 2 2500 25 100 = = = = I U S .
igive simZlavreebis gansazRvra SesaZlebelia formu-
lis gamoyenebiT:
2000 1500 ) 7 24 )( 60 80 (
~
*
j j j I U jQ P S + = + + = = + =

.
Ddavaleba
mocemuili monacemebis gamoyenebiT amoxseniT analogu-
ri amocanebi, Tu
1) a; ; v ) 4 2 ( ) 40 40 ( j I j U + = + =


2) a; ; v ) 24 7 ( 100
6
j I e U
j
+ = =


t

3) a ; v
6 2
6 120
t t
j j
e I e U

= =

.


sakonntrolo sakiTxebi da tipiuri amocanebis amoxsnis meTodebi

35
magaliTi 4.2
koWa parametrebiT om, 3 = r mhn 25 = L mimdevrobiT
SeerTebulia reostatTan romlis winaRobaa om 10
1
= r
(nax.4.2.1).
gansazRvreT Zabva
koW
U koWaze da misi fazaTa wanacv-
leba modebuli Zabvis mimarT, aseve simZlavre, romelic
ixarjeba koWaSi.
wredi mierTebulia ZabvasTan v 120 = U , romlis six-
Sirea hc 50 = f . aageT Zabvis da denis diogramebi.
amoxsna
wredis sruli kompleqsuri winaRoba

nax.4.2.1
5 0 31
13
85 , 7
1
0
2 , 15 2 , 15 85 , 7 13
'
= = + = + + =
j
j
e e j L j r r Z e om.
veqtori U

mivmarToT namdvili RerZis gaswvriv, e.i.

v U U 120 = =

.
kompleqsuri deni
5 0 31
5 0 31
0
0
9 , 7
2 , 15
120
'
'
=

= =
j
j
e
e
Z
U
I

a.
koWaze Zabva:
v
koW koW
0 0 0
38 5 0 69 5 0 31 5 0 31
4 , 66 4 , 8 9 , 7 ) 85 , 7 3 ( 9 , 7
j j j
e e e j e Z I U
o
= = + = =
' ' '


maSasadame, koWaze
Zabva CamorCeba wredSi
miyvanil Zabvas
0
38 = .
veqtoruli diagrama
moyvanilia nax.4.2.2.
koWaSi ixarjeba
simZlavre:
nax.4.2.2
Tavi IV. kompleqsuri amplitudebis meTodi


36
. vt
koW koW
187 5 0 69 cos 525
] 525 Re[ ] 9 , 7 4 , 66 Re[ ] Re[
0
5 0 69 5 0 31 38 *
0 0 0
= ' =
= = = =
' ' j j j
e e e I U P


igive simZlavre SeiZleba gamoangariSebuli iyos sxva
gziT: vt
koW
187 3 9 , 7
2 2
= = = r I P .
magaliTi 4.3
nax.4,3-ze moyvanil wredis
1 1
, C r ybanze Zabva
1
U udris
24v. winaRobebi da tevadobebi udris om, 30
1
= r om, 40
2
= r
mkf, 5
1
= C mkf 1
2
= C . kuTxuri sixSire
-1
wm 5000 = e .
ras udris wredze modebuli Zabva?
amoxsna
GganvsazRroT wredis pirveli ubnis da mTlianad
wredis reaqtiuli da kompleqsuri winaRobebi:
om 40
10 5 5000
1 1
6
1
1
=

= =

C
x
C
e
;
om 200
10 1 5000
1 1
6
2
2
=

= =

C
x
C
e
;
om.
0 1 53
1 1 1
0
50 40 30
'
= = =
j
C
e j jx r Z
om.
5 4 73
2 1 2 1
0
250 240 70 ) (
'
= = + + =
j
C C
e j x x j r r Z
pirveli ubnis kompleqsuri Zabvis argumenti miviRoT
nulis tolad: v 24
0
0
1 1
= =
j
e U U

. maSin wredis kom-

pleqsuri deni
a
0 1 53
0 1 53
1
1
0
0
48 , 0
50
24
'
'
=

= =
j
j
e
e
Z
U
I

.
wredze modebuli Zabva
v
5 3 20 5 4 73 0 1 53
0 0 0
120 250 48 , 0
' ' '
= = =
j j j
e e e Z I U

.