Dasar Kerja Kerja Maksimum Rangkaian Pengganti dan persamaan Arus us Sta Start t Karakteristik motor dc Pengaturan Kecepatan Pengereman motor
Dasar Kerja Aturan tangan g kiri Fleming g G Gaya L Lorentz t : F = IL x B F= gaya pada konduktor o du to I = arus yang mengalir pada konduktor L = panjang konduktor B = kerapatan fluk Gaya yang timbul pada setiap sisi kumparan menghasilkan kopel elektromagnet, menyebabkan motor berputar.
..\KTL\ph14e\ph14e\electricmotor.htm
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Ia
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dimana : atau
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atau
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P d motor Pada t dc d seri i : If = Ia menyebabkan fluk utama berubah sesuai perubahan Ia Ia. Ta = 2 C Ia = C1Ia dan = k Ia Ta = K Ia2 ; dimana d a a K = kC C1
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diperoleh : dimana
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diperoleh :
dimana
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Karenakumparanmedandankumparanjangkar terhubungseri,pengaturanputarandiperoleh dengan: TahanandepanR:RmakaIa dan makan TeganganVt :VtmakaIa dan makan
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Ta
No-load operation
Batteryfan
Batteryblower
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Ta
hoist
cranes
DCMOTORS
Control of DC motors
How to start DC motor? How to stop DC motor? How to control the speed of DC motor?
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed Equation related to speed control :
E m = c .n .
Em =Armaturevoltage c =machineconstant =Fluxgeneratedbyfieldwinding Thus,DCmotorspeedcanbecontrolledby: 1.changingtheFlux(fieldcurrent) 2 changing 2. h i armaturevoltage l
Em n= c .
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Shunt) Adjustingthefieldresistance IncreasingRfcausesIfdecrease===>decrease===>lowersEm===>increase Ia===>tind increase===>tind >tload===>increasespeed===>decrease Ia===>decreasetind untiltind =tload athigherspeed.
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Shunt&Separately) Adjustingthevoltageappliedtoarmature IncreasingVT causesIa increase===>increaseind===>ind >load===>increase speed===>increaseEa===>decreaseIa===>decreaseind untilind =load athigher speed.
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Shunt&separately) Adjustingthevoltageappliedtoarmature~WardLeonardspeedcontrol
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Shunt&separately) Adjustingthevoltageappliedtoarmature~SolidStatespeedcontrol
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Shunt) Insertingaseriesresistorwitharmature Theresistorwhichseriesinsertedwitharmatureincreasesdrasticallytheslopeof motorTorquevs.Speedcharacteristic.
DCMOTORS
Comparison on DC motor speed (Shunt)
Field control Base speed B dt to twice t i base speed (narrow) smoother h economics
Ward-Leonard control Z Zero to t over base b speed (wider) V Very smooth h Very expensive
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Series) Controllingofvoltageappliedtothemotor .
DCMOTORS
Controlling DC motor speed (Series) Insertingaparallelresistorwithfieldwinding(fieldweakening) .
DIVERTER .
DCMOTORS
Comparison on DC motor speed (Series)
Basis of comparison Limit, range of Limit hardness of speed control Smoothness Economics
Armature Voltage control Base speed to twice base speed (wide) smooth Less expensive
Field control by diverter Zero to over base speed (wider) smooth More expensive
DCMOTORS
SHUNTmotor: atconstantfieldcurrentoperatesatslowlydecreasingspeed almost constant asloadisadded T~Ia itsspeedcanbecontrolledoverawiderangeby: shuntfieldcontrol,or armaturevoltagecontrol oracombinationoftheabove applications: wherespeedcontrolrequired;speedregulation(LFL)/FL 5% wherehighstartingtorquesareNOTneeded centrifugalpumps,fans,windingreels,conveyors,machinetoolsandother loadsofsimilarcharacteristics
DCMOTORS
SERIESmotor: lowspeedasloadisadded noloadspeedprohibitivelyhigh T~Ia2 (belowthesaturation) handlesheavytorqueoverloadswhilecushioningpoweroverload withaspeeddrop abilitytowithstandseverestartingduties speedchangesusuallyachievedbyarmatureresistancecontrol applications: bestadaptedtoandalmostunrivalledfor: hoist,crane andtractiontypeloads competeswiththeinductionmotor(onourprogramlater) concerns:availability y&costsofDCp powersupply pp y
DCMOTORS
DC motor application steelrollingmill railwaytraction widerange g ofindustrialdrives robotics printers precisionservosetc.
DCMOTORS
Stopping a DC motor 1. Dynamic braking 2.Plugging
DCMOTORS
Stopping a DC motor 3. Re-generative braking
4.Mechanicalbraking
DCMOTORS
Brakingcharacteristicsofsomemethod