KURSUS SARJANA PENDIDIKAN 1. 2. 3. 4. Nama Kursus Kredit No.

Kod Pensyarah : Pengajaran Kemahiran Berfikir (Teaching Thinking Skills) : 4/3 : KPD 6034/KPD6033 : Dr. Rosma Osman Jabatan Pengajian Pendidikan Fakulti Pendidikan & Pembangunan Manusia Telefon: 015-48117533 019-2193360 E-mail : rosma@fppm.upsi.edu.my

5.

Sinopsis Kursus
Kursus ini meliputi penganalisisan teori kognitif, teori pelbagai kecerdasan, kecerdasan berjaya, konstruktivisme dan proses belajar. Kursus ini juga meliputi penganalisisan aktiviti penyelidikan berkaitan pengajaran kemahiran berfikir dan implikasinya terhadap pengajaran dan pembelajaran. Pelajar juga boleh menganalisis dan menilai penggunaan taksonomi alternatif, beberapa teknik yang digunakan untuk mengajar kemahiran berfikir melalui pengajaran kandungan matapelajaran. Analisis penilaian sejauh mana pelajar memperoleh kemahiran berfikir juga dijalankan. Inisiatif yang dijalankan di Institusi pengajian tinggi dan sekolah-sekolah di Malaysia juga dianalisis dan dinilai. (This course covers the discussion and analysis of cognitive, multiple intelligences, successful intelligence, and contructivist theories and the learning process. This course also covers the anlaysis of various research activities related to teaching thinking and their implications on teaching and learning. Participants would also be able to analyze

and evaluate the use of an anternative taxonomy, several techniques and techniques to teach thinking skills through the teaching of subject matter content. There will also be an analysis of assessment of the acquisition of thinking skills by students. Initiatives taken to teach thinking skills to students in schools and institutions of higher-learning in Malaysia will also be analyzed and evaluated).

6.

Hasil Pembelajaran
Pada akhir kursus pelajar akan dapat: 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Menganalisis proses belajar pelajar, teori kecerdasan pelbagai, kecerdasan berjaya, dan konstruktivisme. (C5, A4, CT5) Merumus tentang beberapa penyelidikan terkini dalam bidang pengajaran kemahiran berfikir. (C5, A3, CT5) Mengaplikasi kemahiran menyebatian kemahiran berfikir dalam pengajaran kandungan mata pelajaran. (C5, A3, CS6, CT4) Mensintesis taksonomi alternatif, pendekatan, strategi dan teknik mengajar dan kaedah penilaian. (C5, A4, CS6, CT7) Menilai pelaksanaan kemahiran berfikir dalam bidang pendidikan di Malaysia. (C6, CT3)

7.

Rujukan utama
Rajendran, N.S. (2010). Teaching and acquiring higher-order thinking skills: Theory and Practice. Tanjong Malim: Penerbit Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris.

Rujukan Tambahan
Barell, J. (1991). Teaching for thoughtfulness: Classroom strategies to enhance intellectual development. New York: Longman. Beyer, B. K. (1987). Practical strategies for the teaching of thinking. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, Inc. Beck, I, (1989). Reading and reasoning. The Reading Teacher, 42 (9), 676-684 Bereiter, C., & Scardamalia, M. (1987). An attainable version of high literacy: Approaches to teaching high-order skills in reading and writing, Curriculum Inquiry, 17:1, 9-30 Costa, A. L. (1999). Changing curriculum means changing your mind. Paper presented at the 10th International Conference on Thinking, Harrogate, England. Costa, A. L. (1985). (Ed.). Developing minds: A resource book for teaching thinking. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Ennis, R, H. (1996). Critical thinking dispositions: Their nature and assessability. Informal logic. Vol.18, Nos.2 & 3, pp. 129-147.

Fennimore, T.F. & Tinzmann, M.B. (1990). What is a thinking curriculum?. Oak Brook: NCREL. Langer. J, A. & Applebee, A. N. (1985). Learning to write: Learning to think, Educational Horizons, Vol. , N. , pp.36-38. Marzano, R, J. et al. (1988). Dimensions of thinking: A framework for curriculum and thinking. Alexandria, VA: Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development. Nelson-Jones, R. (1990). Thinking skills: Managing and preventing personal problems. Pacific Grove, California: Brooks/Cole Publishing Co. Nickerson, R. S. (1988). On improving thinking through instruction. In E. Z. Rothkopf (Ed.) Review of Research in Education, 15, pp.357 Rajendran, N. (1998). Teaching higher-order thinking skills in language classrooms: The need for transformation of teaching practice. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University. Rajendran, N. (2000). Kesusasteraan Sebagai Wahana Mengajar Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi. Conference Proceedings of National Seminar on Research and Development in Education 2000 organized by Teacher Education Division, Ministry of Education, Malaysia. Rajendran, N. (2001a). The teaching of higher-order thinking skills in Malaysia. Journal of Southeast Asian Education , 2001, Vol.2. No.1, pp.42-65. Rajendran, N. (2001b). Language teaching and the enhancement of higher-order thinking skills. In Renandaya, W.A. & Sunga. N. R. (Eds.). Language curriculum and instruction in multicultural societies - Anthology series 42. Singapore: SEAMEO Regional Language Centre. Rajendran, N. (2001c). Pengajaran Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi: Kesediaan Guru Mengendalikan Proses Pengajaran Pembelajaran. Kertas kerja dibentangkan dalam Seminar/Projek KBKK anjuran Pusat PErkembangan Kurikulum, Kementerian Pendidikan Malaysia. Rajendran, N. (2004). Infusing higher-order thinking skills into the teacher education program: A case study of Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris. Universiti Pendidikan Sultan Idris: Tanjong Malim. Rajendran, N. (2009a). Nurturing Thinking Minds at Institutions of Higher-Learning: Issues and Prospects. Conference Proceedings of 14th International Conference on Thinking 2009. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Rajendran, N. (2009b). Reconstructing the Teaching of Higher-Order Thinking. Conference Proceedings of International Conference on Teaching and Learning in Higher Education - ICTLHE2009. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Sternberg, R. J. & Spear-Swerling, L. (1996). Teaching for thinking. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Swartz, R, J. & Parks, S. (1994). Infusing critical and creative thinking into content instruction: A lesson design handbook for the elementary grades. Pacific Grove, CA: Critical Thinking Press & Software. Thompson, L, J. (1995). Habits of the mind: Critical thinking in the classroom. Lanham:University Press of America. Tishman, S., Perkins, D. N. & Jay, E. (1995). The thinking classroom: Learning and teaching in a culture of thinking. Boston: Allyn and Bacon.

8.

Kaedah Pengajaran
Kuliah, perbincangan, kajian tindakan, pembentangan dan kerja kumpulan. pengajaran mikro,

9.

Penilaian Prestasi Pelajar

Kerja Kursus Peperiksaan Akhir : 60 % : 40 %

Perincian Tugasan: Tugasan

1. Analisis inisiatif yang dijalankan untuk mengajar kemahiran berfikir di: sebuah institusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia sekolah-sekolah di Malaysia 2. Pembentangan Di Dalam Kuliah (Kumpulan) Merumus tentang satu penyelidikan terkini dalam bidang pengajaran kemahiran berfikir

Pemberatan
20 %

Catatan
Minggu ke-8

10 %

Mulai Minggu ke-4

3.Penyediaan modul pengajaran dan pembelajaran berlandaskan teori konstruktivisme yang boleh

30 %

Minggu ke-10

menjana Kemahiran Berfikir melalui Mata Pelajaran tersebut(Kumpulan)

Penggredan Skala UPSI: Julat Gred m a r PNG(S/K) Taraf k a h

80 100 75 79 70 74 65 69 60 64 55 59 50 54 45 49 40 44 35 39 0 34 4.00 3.67 3.33 3.00 2.67 2.33 2.00 1.67 1.33 1.00 0 Cemerlang Cemerlang Kepujian Kepujian Kepujian Lulus Lulus Lulus lemah Lulus lemah Lulus lemah Gagal

A AB+ B BC+ C CD+ DE

10.

Jadual Pengajaran Kursus:

Jam 6 Tajuk Latar belakang dan Isu-isu dalam pengajaran Kemahiran Berfikir (KB) Kerangka, terminologi, kategori dan jenis kemahiran berfikir Rujukan/Catatan - Rajendran (2009b, 2010, 2001a, 2001b). - Costa, A. L. (1999). - Rajendran (2009a, 2010, 2001b). -Marzano, (1988) -Rajendran, (2010,2009b, 1998) -Costa, (1985)

Perkaitan di antara teori kecerdasan pelbagai,kecerdasan berjaya, konstruktivisme dengan pengajaran

kemahiran berfikir 3 6 Perkaitan di antara kemahiran berfikir dan dan mata Pelajaran Pemikiran kritis, kreatif, aras rendah dan aras tinggi. Rajendran (2009a, 2009b, 2010, 2001a) -Costa, (1985) - Rajendran (2010) - Swartz & Parks, (1994). - Rajendran (2009b, 2010) - Sternberg, & Swerling, (1996). -Costa, (1999) -Fennimore & Tinzmann, (1990) - Rajendran (2010) - Swartz & Parks, (1994). -Rajendran (2001b) -Sternberg, & SpearSwerling, (1996). - Rajendran (2009a, 2010, 2001a, 2001b, 2000) - Tishman, et al.

Ciri-ciri kurikulum untuk mengajar Kemahiran berfikir

Pendekatan, strategi, teknik dan alat untuk mengajar kemahiran berfikir

Menyebatikan kemahiran berfikir dalam pengajaran mata pelajaran

(1995).
3 Penilaian penguasaan kemahiran berfiikir oleh pelajar - Rajendran (2009b, 2010) - Ennis, (1996) - Rajendran,(2009a, 2010, 2004, 2001c).

Mengajar kemahiran Berfikir di sekolah-sekolah dan institusi pengajian tinggi di Malaysia.

NSR/210911