The Cuban Missile Crisis

Also known as the October Crisis (Cuba) and the Caribbean Crisis (Russia) By: Jonathan Spencer
Saturday, May 25, 13

The Closest The World Has Ever Come to Nuclear War

Conict between the US and Russia (The Cold War) Kennedy and Khrushchev struggling for a compromise Seriousness of a Nuclear Threat

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Main Idea

Nuclear Terror was very prominent, but now it is truly the very last resort thanks to the events of the Cuban Missile Crisis.

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USA vs. USSR (The Cold War Conflict)

America
Free Elections

Saw the other as evil Only allied during WWII because they had a mutual enemy. The USSR had a massive army in a position to strike, while the USA had a powerful weapon that they they told no one about

Soviet Union
No elections

Democratic

Autocratic/ Dictatorship

Capitalist

Communist

Richest World Power

Poor economic base

Personal Freedom

Society controlled by the NKVD (secret police)

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Events Before The Crisis

Castro seizes power of Cuba. (1/8/59) USA putting Jupiter Nuclear Missiles in Turkey and Italy. Russia felt threatened. (10/23/59) Castro believes the US want to take over Cuba, so it becomes a communist state and allies itself with the USSR. (4/61) The USSR places Nuclear missiles in Cuba as a counter to the US. (Fall/61)

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Events before the Crisis cont.

Castro proclaims that any attack the US makes on Cuba would be considered a World War. Also claims that the USSR has helped defend him. (7/27/62) Speculations and then later evidence is found that suggests that the USSR has put missiles in Russia. (8/62) Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko warns that an American attack on Cuba could mean war with the Soviet Union in a speech to the UN. (9/11/62) Missile cites are found in Cuba and pictures have been taken of them to prove the existence of USSR missiles in Cuba. (10/14/62)

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Importance of These Events

These moments instigated the threat of Nuclear War Shows how violent the world is. How dangerous humans are to themselves

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The Crisis Timeline

October 21, 1962 October 16, 1962 Kennedy Learns of the missiles in Cuba and discusses a necessary course of action. October 17, 1962 The idea of an airstrike is strongly suggested during Kennedys ight to Connecticut for the Democratic Party October 18, 1962 Gromyko and Kennedy meet Gromyko discusses that the Soviets aid to Cuba is solely to defend Cuba. October 19, 1962 Kennedy leaves Washington for scheduled campaign speeches in Cleveland and the West Coast. Kennedy goes October 20, 1962 through with the plan to quarantine Kennedy orders a Cuba. More defensive quarantine reconnaissance be instituted as soon ights show that as possible. bombers, Migs and cruise missile sites being created on Cuba. October 27, 1962 Kennedy sends a letter stating that he will make a statement that the U.S. will not invade Cuba if Khrushchev removes the missiles from Cuba. October 28, 1962 Khrushchev announces over Radio Moscow that he has agreed to remove the missiles from Cuba. October 22, 1962 Military goes to DEFCON 3. Kennedy addresses the nation about missiles sites in Cuba.

October 23, 1962 The decision is nally made to quarantine Cuba. Khrushchev sends a letter to Kennedy stating the existence of serious threat to peace and security of peoples. October 24, 1962

October 25, 1962 Kennedy tells Khrushchev that this Soviet ships with Crisis is his fault. suspicious cargo The proposal to heading to Cuba all remove missiles from turn back except Turkey in exchange one. MIlitary goes to for the ones from DEFCON 2, Cuba in EX-COMM is thought over.

October 26, 1962 Khrushchev sends another letter to Kennedy proposing removing his missiles if Kennedy would publicly announce never to invade Cuba.

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Final Results of the Crisis

Withdrawal of the Soviet Union's nuclear missiles from Cuba Withdrawal of certain United States' nuclear missiles from Turkey and Italy Agreement with the Soviet Union that the United States would never invade Cuba without direct provocation Creation of a nuclear hotline between the United States and the Soviet Union Fidel Castro's position as Cuban leader strengthened

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USSR: Point of View

Felt threatened by the placement of long range missiles in Turkey. Used Cuba as a reason to put missiles near US borders. Even during negotiations the USSR was still building missiles as a contingency plan. Khrushchev felt the need to defend Cuba, and his country from an attack.

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USA: Point of View

Puts Jupiter missiles in Turkey to gain an offensive against the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Felt the need to threaten Cuba with an attack because of the placement of Soviet Missiles. Quarantined Cuba so that no more shipments of equipment could come through.

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Conclusion

The Cold War didnt end just because the Crisis was over. A mutual agreement was reached in the area of nuclear conict. They never attacked each other directly. Ended up ghting through other countries instead Nuclear War has been put only as a very last resort and only if red upon rst.

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Acknowledgements

Mike Roth Mr. Baird

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Bibliography

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N.p. Web. 7 May 2013. <http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/ Cuban-Missile-Crisis.aspx.>

"The Cuban Missile Crisis, 1962: A Political Perspective After 40 Years." 8 May. 2013 <http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/nsa/ cuba_mis_cri/>

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Thank you

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