DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL GHAZIABAD

PHYSICAL WORLD AND MEASURMENT

PHYSICS- XI ASSIGNMENT- I
Q.1- Ten drops of olive oil of radius 0.20 mm spread into a circular film of radius 14.6 cm. on the surface of water. Estimate the size of an oil molecule. Ans- [d = 5 x 10-9 m] Q.2- Convert an energy of one joule into ergs. Ans- [107 ergs]

Q.3- Find the value of a force of 100 N on a system based upon the metre, the kilogram and the minute as the fundamental units. Ans- [ 36 x104 New units] Q.4- Check the accuracy of the relation = is mass of unit length of the string. Q.5- Check the correctness of the relation, Snth = u + , where is the frequency, l is length, T is tension and m Ans- [Correct] (2n -1), where u is initial velocity, a is acceleration and Ans- [Correct]

Snth is the distance travelled by the body in nth second.

Q.6- In Vander Walls equation- (P + a/V2) (V b) = RT, What are the dimensions of a and b? Here, P is pressure, V is volume, T is temperature and R is gas constant. Ans- a = [ML5T-2] b = [M0L3T0] Q.7- The frequency of vibration () of a string may depend upon length (l) of the string, tension (T) in the string and mass per unit length (m) of the string. Using the method of dimensions, derive the formula for . Ans- =

Q.8- The centripetal force F acting on a particle moving uniformly in a circle may depend upon mass (m), velocity () and radius (r) of the circle. Derive the formula of F using the method of dimensions. Ans- F = K.m2/r Q.9- Justify L+L = L and L-L=L. Q.10- Write the dimensions of a & b in the formula = a + b t, where is velocity and t is time. Ans- a = [LT-1], b= [LT-2] Q.11- If the unit of force, energy and velocity are 10 N, 100 J and 5 ms-1, find the length, mass and time. Ans- [ 10m, 4 kg, 2s] Q.12- If the unit of force was kilonewton, that of time millisecond and that of power kilowatt, what would be the units of mass and length? Ans- [ 1kg; 10-3m] Q.13- Check the correctness of the relation h = , where h is height, is surface tension, is angle of Ans- [Wrong]

contact, r is radius, d is density and g is acceleration due to gravity.

Q.14- Check by the method of dimensions, the formula =

, where is velocity of longitudinal

waves, is wavelength, K is coefficient of volume elasticity and d is density of the medium. Ans- [Wrong] Q.15- The viscous force F acting on a body of radius r moving with a velocity in a medium of coefficient of viscosity is given by F = 6 r . Check the correctness of the formula. Ans- [Correct] Q.16- The critical velocity () of flow of a liquid through a pipe of radius (r) is given by = , where is

density of liquid and is coefficient of viscosity of the liquid. Check if the relation is correct dimensionally. Ans- [Correct] Q.17- Test if following eqn. is dimensionally correct = , where = frequency, I = moment of inertia. Ans- [Correct] Q.18- The position of a particle moving along x-axis depends on time according to the equation x = at2 + bt3, where x is in metre and t is in sec. What are the units and dimensions of a and b? What do they represent? Ans- [ ms-2, ms-3, LT-2, LT-3; acc. And rate of change of acc.] Q.19- The velocity of a particle depends upon time t, according to the equation = a + b t+ dimension of a, b, c and d.
-1

. Write the
-2

Ans- [LT ], [LT ], [L], [T] Ans- [T]

Q.20- Write the dimensions of (a/b) in the relation = a + b t, where is velocity and t is time.

Q.21- Write the dimensions of a/b in the relation F = a + b t2 where F is force, x is distance and t is time. Ans- [L-1/2T2] Q.22- Write the dimension of a x b in the relation E = b - x2/a t, where E is energy, x is distance and t is time. Ans- [M-1L2T1] Q.23- Write the dimension of a/b in the relation P = a t2/ b x, where P is pressure, x is distance and t is time. Ans- [MT-2] Q.24- If force, velocity and time are taken as fundamental quantities, what would be the dimensions of work? Ans- [Ft] Q.25- If the units of force, length and time are taken as fundamental units, what would be the dimensions of mass? Ans- [FL-1T2] Q.26- A jet of water of cross sectional area A and velocity impinges normally on a stationary flat plat. The mass per unit volume of water is . By dimensional analysis, determine an expression for the force F exerted by the jet against the plate. Ans- [F = KA2] Q.27- Experiments show that frequency () of tuning fork depends on length (l) of the prong, density (d) and the youngs modulus (Y) of its material. On the basis of dimensional analysis, derive an expression for frequency of tuning fork. Ans- n = k/l.

Q.28- Calculate the dimensions of linear momentum and surface tension in terms of velocity (), density () and frequency (v) as fundamental units. Ans- [ p = Kv4-3] [ = K v3-1]

Q.29- The wavelength () of matter waves may depend upon Plancks constant (h), mass (m) and velocity () of the particle. Use the method of dimensions to derive the formula. Ans- =

Q.30- The velocity () of transverse waves on a string may depends on (i) length (l) of string (ii) tension T in the string and (iii) mass per unit length (m) of the string. Derive the formula dimensionally. Ans- = k. Q.31- Assuming that the mass m of the largest stone that can be moved by a flowing river depends on velocity , the density and acceleration due to gravity g, show that m varies directly as the sixth power of velocity of flow. Q.32- The frequency (v) of an oscillating drop may depend upon radius (r) of the drop, density () of liquid and the surface tension (S) of the liquid. Deduce the formula dimensionally. Ans- k.
3

Q.33- Using the method of dimensions derives an expression for rate of flow (V) of a liquid through a pipe of radius (r) under a pressure gradient (P/l). Given that V also depends on coefficient of viscosity () of the liquid. Ans- V = k

Q.34- The number of particles given by n = - D (n2 n1)/x2 x1), are crossing a unit area perpendicular to xaxis in unit time, n1, n2 are number of particles per unit volume, for the values of x meant to be x1 and x2. What is the dimensional formula of diffusion constant D? Ans- [L2T-1] Q.35- The depth x to which a bullet penetrates in a human body depends on coefficient of elasticity () and kinetic energy E. Establish the relation between these quantities using the method of dimensions. Ans-x [E/]1/3

Q.36- Assuming that critical velocity (c) of a viscous liquid flowing through a capillary tube depends upon the radius (r) of the tube, density () and coefficient of viscosity () of the liquid. Use method of dimensions to obtain a relation between these quantities. Ans- [c /r] Q.37- Assuming that in case of motion of blunt bodies in air, aerodynamic drag D depends on effective are A of the body, the speed of the body relative to air, , show by method of dimension that D = KA2. Q.38- Calculate the percentage error in the determination of g = 42l/t2 when l and t are measured with and errors respectively. Ans- [ 8%] Q.39- The diameter of a wire as measured by a screw gauge was found to be 1.328, 1.330, 1.325, 1.326, 1.334 and 1.336 cm. Calculate (i) mean value of diameter (ii) absolute error in each measurement (iii) mean absolute error, (iv) fractional error (v) percentage error. Also, express the result in terms of absolute error and percentage error. Ans- (i) 1.330cm, (iii).004 cm, (iv) .003 (v) 0.3 % (vi) 1.330 cm .3 % Q.40- The sides of rectangle are (10.5 0.2) cm and (5.2 0.1) cm. Calculate its perimeter with error limits. Ans- [3.5 0.0.6] cm 0.3) s. Calculate its velocity with Ans- [3.5 0.031] m/s, 9%

Q.41- A body travels uniformly a distance of (13.8 0.2) m in a time (4.0 error limits. What is percentage error in velocity?

Q.42- The period of oscillation of a simple pendulum is T = 2 . Measured value of L is 20.0 cm known to 1 mm accuracy and time for 100 oscillations of the pendulum is found to be 90 s using a wrist watch of l s solution. What is the accuracy in the determination of g? Ans- [ 27%] Q.43- Two resistors of resistances R1 = 100 3 ohm and R2 = 200 4 ohm are connected (a) in series, (b) in parallel. Find the equivalent resistance of the (a) series combination (b) parallel combination. Use for (a), the relation R = R1 + R2, and the for (b) 1/R` = 1/R1 + 1/R2 and R`/R`2 = R1/R12 + R2/R22. Q.44- What is the percentage error in volume of a sphere, when error in measuring its radius is 2%? Ans- [ 6%] Q.45- What is error in density of a cube when its mass is uncertain by by and length of its edge is uncertain Ans- [ 5%]

Q.46- The resistance R is the ratio of potential diff. V and current I. What is the %age error in R is V (100 5) volt and I = (10 0.2)A? Ans- [ 7 %] Q.47- A physical quantity x is calculated from the relation x = a3b2/ . Calculate percentage error in x, if a, b, c, d are measured respectively with an error of 1%, 3%, 4% and 2%. Ans- [ %] Q.48- The nth division of main scale coincides with (n+ 1) th division of vernier scale. Given one main scale division is equal to a units. Find the least count of the vernier. Ans- [ unit]

Q.49- A calorie is a unit of heat energy and it equal about 4.2J, where 1 J = 1 kgm2s-2. Suppose, we employ a system of units in which the unit of mass equal kg, the unit of length equal m and the unit of time is s. Show that a calorie has a magnitude of 4.2 -1-22 in terms of the new units. Q.50- The length, breadth and thickness of a metal sheet are 4.234m, 1.005m and 2.01 cm respectively. Give the area and volume of the sheet to correct number of significant figures. Ans- [8.72 m2], [0.0855m3] Q.51- A physical quantity P is related to four observables a, b, c and d as follows: P = a3b2/ (cd) The Percentage errors of measurement in a, b, c, and d are 1%, 3%, 4% and 2%, respectively. What is the percentage error in quantity P? If the value of P calculated using the above relation turns out to be 3.763, to what value should you round off the result? Ans- [3.8] Q.52- A book with many printing errors contains four different formulas for the displacement y of a particle undergoing a certain periodic motion: (i) y = a sin (ii) y = a sin t (iii) y = sin (iv) y =

[ sin

+ cos

Here, a is maximum displacement of particle, is speed of particle, T is time period of motion. Rule out the wrong formulae on dimensional grounds. Q.53- Calculate x in the equation (velocity)x = (pressure diff.)3/2 x (density)-3/2. Ans- [ x = 3]

Q.54- The rate of flow (V) of a liquid through a pipe of radius (r) under a pressure gradient (P/l) is given by

V= Where is coefficient of viscosity of the liquid. Check whether the formula is correct or not. Ans- [Correct] Q.55- Find the value of x in the relation Y= Tx . cos . /L3, where Y is Youngs modulus. T is time period, is torque and L is length. Ans- [ x = 0] Q.56- A large fluid star oscillates in shape under the influence of its own gravitational field. Using dimensional analysis, find the expression for period of oscillation (T) in terms of radius of star (R), mean density of fluid () and universal gravitational constant (G). Ans- [ T= K(G)-1/2 Q.57- Calculate the focal length of a spherical mirror from the following observation: Object distance u = (50.1 0.5) cm and image distance, = (20.1 0.2) cm. Ans- [14.3 0.1] cm

Q.58- In a new system of units called star units, 1 kg* = 10 kg; 1 m* = 1 km and 1 s* = 1 minute, what will be the value of 1 J of energy in the new system? Ans- [3.6 x 10-4 J*] Q.59- Identify the physical quantity x defined as x = IF2/W l3, where I is moment of inertia, F is force, is velocity, W is work and L is length. Ans- [ Surface Tension, Force Constant, Energy/Area] Q.60- Is the time variation of position observed in nature? P O S I T I O N

TIME

Q.61- Reynolds number (R) determines whether or not the flow of a liquid through a pipe is streamlined. This constant is combination of velocity (), density () and coefficient of viscosity (). Given that R varies directly as diameter D of the pipe, derive the formula for R using the method of dimensions. Ans- R= Q.62- Construct a new physical quantity having dimensions of length in terms of universal constants Q, c and h. What is it called? Ans- [Planks Length] Q.63- The Position x of a particle at time t is given by x =( V0 / a) (1 e-at), where V0 is a constant and a>0. The dimensions of V0 and a are? Ans- [M0LT-1], [T-1] Q.64- Given: Force = / (density + 3). What are the dimensions of , ? Ans- [M2L-2T-2, M1/3L-1]