LUYN THI I HC MN TON Thy Hng Chuyn HM S

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1






DNG 1. TIP TUYN TI MT IM THUC TH HM S
Cng thc :
Phng trnh tip tuyn ti im ( ) ( ) ( ) ; :
o o
M x y C y f x = l
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
o o
o o o o x x
y y x x y y y x x f x = + = +
Cc lu :
+ Nu cho x
o
th tm y
o
= f(x
o
).
+ Nu cho y
o
th tm x
o
bng cch gii phng trnh f(x) = y
o
.
+ Tnh y = f(x). Suy ra y(x
o
) = f(x
o
).
+ Phng trnh tip tuyn l: y = f(x
o
).(x x
o
) + y
o
.
Dng ton trng tm cn lu :
+ Tip tuyn ti im M thuc th hm phn thc
ax b
y
cx d
+
=
+
ct cc trc ta Ox, Oy ti cc im A, B tha
mn cc tnh cht
0 OAB
OA kOB
S S

+ Khong cch t tm i xng ca th hm s
ax b
y
cx d
+
=
+
n tip tuyn ti im M thuc th t gi tr ln
nht, hoc bng mt hng s cho trc.

V d 1. Cho hm s
3 2
2 2 y x x x = + + + . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi th ti
a) giao im ca th v Ox.
b) im un ca th.
V d 2. Cho hm s
3 2
3 1 y x x x = + + + . Tm dim M thuc th hm s sao cho tip tuyn ti M vi th i qua
gc ta O.
/s: ( 1; 2) M
V d 3. Cho hm s
1
( )
2
x
y C
x
+
=

.
Tm dim M thuc th hm s (C) sao cho tip tuyn ti M vi th ct cc trc ta Ox, Oy ti A, B sao cho OA
= 3OB, vi O l gc ta .
/s: Mt im M l (3; 4) M
V d 4. Cho hm s ( )
1
x
y C
x
=
+
.
Tm dim M thuc th hm s (C) sao cho khong cch t im E(1; 2) n tip tuyn ti M vi th bng
1
.
2

/s: Mt im M l (0;0) M
BI TP T LUYN:
Bi 1. Cho hm s
3 2
2 6 3 y x x x = + . Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi th ti giao im ca th v Ox.
Ti liu bi ging:
01. TIP TUYN CA TH HM S P1
Thy ng Vit Hng
LUYN THI I HC MN TON Thy Hng Chuyn HM S
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2
/s:
13 1
2 2
y x
| |
=
|
\

Bi 2. Cho hm s
3 2
2 3 1 y x x = + c th l (C)

Tm trn (C) nhng im M sao cho tip tuyn ca (C) ti M ct trc tung ti im c tung bng 8.
/s: ( 1; 4) M
Bi 3. Cho hm s
2
1
x
y
x
+
=

Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s bit tip tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im phn bit A
v B sao cho din tch tam gic OAB bng
50
3
(vi O l gc to )
/s: (2; 4) M
Bi 4. Cho hm s
2 3
1
x
y
x
+
=

Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s bit tip tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im phn bit A
v B sao cho OB = 5OA (vi O l gc to )
/s: 5 17; 5 3 y x y x = + =
Bi 5. Cho hm s
1
x
y
x
=
+

Tm im M thuc th sao cho khong cch t im ( 1;1) E n tip tuyn ti M vi th bng 2.
/s: (0;0), ( 2; 2). M M
Bi 6. Cho hm s
2
1
x
y
x
+
=

Tm im M thuc th sao cho khong cch t im ( 1;1) E n tip tuyn ti M vi th ln nht.
/s:
max
2 (0; 2), ( 2;0). d M M =
Bi 7. Cho hm s
3
2 1
x
y
x

=
+

Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi th sao cho khong cch t im
1 1
;
2 2
I
| |

|
\
n tip tuyn ti M bng
7 2
.
10

/s: 7 11. y x = +
Bi 8. Cho hm s
2 5
2
x
y
x
+
=

(1)
Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s (1) bit tip tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im phn
bit A v B sao cho OA = 9OB (vi O l gc to )
V d 9. Cho hm s
3
1
x
y
x

=
+
(C)
Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s, bit tip tuyn ct trc Ox ti A, ct trc Oy ti B sao cho OA = 4OB.
V d 10. Cho hm s
2
2 3
x
y
x
+
=
+
(1).
Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s (1), bit tip tuyn ct trc honh, trc tung ln lt ti hai im
phn bit A, B v tam gic OAB cn ti gc ta O.