BY SHEHBAZ KHANNA AMARPREET

PRESENTATION objectives
By the end of this session you will be able to: Understand why questionnaires are used and when to use them Understand the process of constructing a questionnaire Acknowledge the key features of good question design few examples of questionnaire

Definition:
An instrument (form) to collect answers to questions collect factual data

gathers information or measures

A series of written questions/items in a fixed, rational

order Whether it is a schedule, interview form, or measuring instrument, is a formalised set of questions for obtaining information from respondents .

OBJECTIVES:
ANY QUESTIONNAIRE HAS THREE BROAD OBJECTIVES: FIRST- IT MUST TRANSLATE INFORMATION NEEDED INTO SET OF SPECIFIC QUESTIONS THAT RESPONDENT CAN AND WILL ANSWER.

SECOND- IT MUST UPLIFT , MOTIVATE AND ENCOURAGE THE RESPONDENT TO BECOME

INVOLVED IN INTERVIEW , TO COOPERATE AND COMPLETE THE INTERVIEW.

CONTD.
THIRD- IT SHOULD MINIMISE THE RESPONSE

ERROR . RESPONSE ERROR IT IS THE ERROR WHICH ARISES WHEN RESPONDENTS GIVE INACCURATE ANSWERS OR THEIR ANSWERS ARE MISRECORDED OR MISANALYZED .

QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN PROCESS

1. SPECIFY THE INFORMATION NEEDED

2.SPECIFY THE TYPE OF INFORMATION REQUIRED

3.DETERMINE CONTENT OF INDIVIDUAL QUESTIONS

4.DESIGN THE QUESTIONS TO OVERCOME RESPONDENTS INABILITY AND UNWILLINGNESS TO ANSWER

5.DECIDE ON QUESTION STRUCTURE

6.DETERMINE QUESTION WORDING

7.ARRANGE THE QUESTIONS IN PROPER SEQUENCE

8.IDENTIFY THE FORM AND LAYOUT

9.REPRODUCE THE QUESTIONNAIRE 10.ELIMINATE BUGS BY PRETESTING

1.SPECIFY THE INFORMATION NEEDED

FIRST STEP IN QUESTIONNAIRE SESIGN
HELPFUL IN REVIEWING RESEARCH QUESTIONS

,HYPOTHESIS AND INFORMATION NEEDED. ONE SHOULD HAVE CLEAR IDEA OF TARGET POPULATION MORE DIVERSIFIED IS RESPONDENT GROUP ,MORE TOUGH TO DESIGN A SINGLE QUESTIONNARIE

2.TYPE OF INTERVIEWING METHOD

PERSONAL INTERVIEW-INTERACT FACE TO FACE

WITH INTERVIEWER; LENGTHY , COMPLEX QUESTIONS CAN BE ASKED. TELEPHONIC INTERVIEW- RESPONDENT INTERACT WITH INTERVIEWER BUT DO NOT SEE THE QUESTIONNAIRE.QUESTIONS MUST BE SHORT AND SIMPLE. MAIL INTERVIEWS- THESE ARE SELF ADMINISTERED ,SO QUESTIONS MUST BE SIMPLE AND DETAILED INSTRUCTIONS MUST BE PROVIDED.

3. DETERMINE CONTENTS OF INDIVIDUAL

QUESTIONS IS THE QUESTION NECESSARY ?

- IT IS USEFUL TO ASK NEUTRAL QUESTIONSAT BEGINNING OF QUESTIONNARIE TO ESTABLISH INVOLMENT AND RAPPORT. - FOR CONTROVERSIAL OR SENSITIVE TOPICS , FILLER QUESTIONS CAN BE ASKED .
ARE SEVERAL QUESTIONS NEEDED THAN ONE ?

- SEVERAL QUESTIONS ARE SOMETIMES REQUIRED TO OBTAIN INFO NEEDED.

- DO YOU THINK COCA COLA IS A TASTY AND REFRESHING DRINK ? (INCORRECT) SUCH QUESTIONS ARE CALLED DOUBLE BARRLED QUESTIONS
- DO YOU THINK COCA COLA IS TASTY ? AND

DO YOU THINK COCA COLA IS REFRESHING? (CORRECT) - WHY QUESTIONS SHOULD BE CAREFULLY FRAMED

4.OVERCOMMING INABILITY TO ANSWER

RESEARCHERS SHOULD ATTEMPT TO OVERCOME

THE RESPONDENTS INABILITY TO ANSWER. THE RESPONDENT MAY NOT BE INFORMED, MAY NOT REMEMBER - WHAT WAS THE BRAND YOU WERE WEARING LAST WEEK ? (INCORRECT) - HOW OFTEN YOU CONSUME SOFT DRINKS? 1.________ LESS THAN ONCE IN A WEEK 2.________ 1 TO 3 TIMES IN A WEEK 3. ________ MORE THAN 3 TIMES A WEEK

 INABILITY TO ANSWER LEADS TO ERRORS OF

- OMISSION - TELESCOPING - CREATION REPONDENTS MAY NOT BE ABLE TO ARTICULATE CERTAIN TYPE OF RESPONSES. DESCRIBE THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE STORE?

4.2 OVERCOMING UNWILLINGNESS TO ANSWER

EVEN IF RESPONDENTS ARE ABLE TO ANSWER RO QUESTIONS , THEY MAY BE UNWILLING TO ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BECAUSE 1. TOO EFFORT IS REQUIRED FOR INSTANCE-RESEARCHER WANTS TO KNOW FROM WHICH DEPT. OF A STORE, BUYER PURCHASED MERCHANDISE

QUE= PLZ LIST ALL DEPARTMENTS FROM WHICH YOU PURCHASE MERCHANDISEON UR MOST RECENT TRIP TO DEPARTMENT STORE ? (INCORRECT)

QUE=IN THE LIST THAT FOLLOWS ,PLZ CHECK ALL THE DEPT FROM WHICH U PURCHASED MERCHANDISE ON UR MOST RECENT TRIP TO DEPARTMENT STORE ? 1. WOMENS DRESS [ ] 2. MENS APPAREL [ ] 3. CHILDRENS APPAREL [ ] 4. ............ 5. ............ 6. OTHERS(PLZ SPECIFY)................ (CORRECT)

 2.CONTEXT= RESPONDENTS ARE UNWILLING TO

ANSWER CERTAIN QUESTIONS THAT THEY FIND INAPPROPRIATE 3. LEGITIMATE PURPOSE= WHEN INFORMATION ASKED SEEMS NOT TO SERVE AS LEGITIMATE PURPOSE 3. SENSITIVE INFORMATION- MONEY,FAMILY LIFE, POLITICAL AND RELIGIOUS VIEWS.

5.CHOOSING QUESTION STRUCTURE

QUESSTION MAY BE

=STRUCTURED OR =UNSTRUCTURED STRUCTURED QUESTIONS:OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS= THAT RESPONDENTS

ANSWER IN HIS QWN WORDS

EG.- WHAT IS YOUR OCCUPATION ? WHAT IS YOUR POLITICAL FIGURE ?

 STRUCTURED QUESTIONS:-

THEY SPECIFY SET OF RESPONSE ALTERNATIVES 1.MCQS-QUE. DO U INTEND TO BUY NEW CAR ? _______ DEFINATELY WILL NOT BUY _______ PROBABLY NOT BUY _______ UNDECIDED 2.DICHOTOMOUS QUESTION- ONLY HAS TWO RESPONSE ALTERNATIVES DO U INTEND TO BUY NEW CAR ? ____ YES ____NO ______DONT KNOW

 SCALES=DO U INTEND TO BUY A NEW CAR?

DEFINATELY NOT PROBABLY NOT UNDECEDED PROBABLY WILL DEFINATELY WILL

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