Chapter 10

10-1
Pipenearlyconstanttemperature

Tn =82oC

L = 30oC

-3o)t'o
= 7.27L
h --|s2(12

= 0.g

\0 .0 5 6 4)
mz .oC
qconv= Q.27)n(0.0564X15X82-30)
= 1005W
- 3034)= 898w
erad=(5.669x t0-8)z(0.0564X15X0.8X3554
LTn- 0.76"C
4tot=1903= (0.6)(4175)LTw
7,u(exit)= 82 0.76 =8l.2oC
tG.2
- 60)= 2.508x 105W
q = mrcrLTn = (2)(4180X90
40- 50
^4
Lr^=;eI=44.81oC

q=UALTn

u=150u1{ =27e.8y

(20)(4.81)
By NTU method

m'.oc

-$"= 39=g.75

e=9=0.5
g0

c'no 40
=
-(2)(4180)=3369
Cma* Cn

FromFig. 1Gl3

Cmin= Cr=(0.75X8360)=6270

NTTJ=O.g= lA
Crin

=282 y
u =(o.e)!9270)
20

10-3
InsideTube
T=473K

m''oc

d=0.025

2.O7
= 1 . 5xl}s
25
'g = *(287)(473)

u^=6m/sec
k=0.0385

F=2.58x10-5
cp=1030

/i't= (l.52rz(0.0125)'(6)- 4.4glx t0*3 kglsec

(1.525X6X0.q2s)
= 8866
Re_
2.58x l0-)

=45.4J7a=#(8s66)0's(0.681)0.3
'-'
0.025
-2.oc
Conductionresistance
negligible.
l9e

Pr=0.681

Chapterl0

. OutsideTube

',

,f =ry=

I l0oc= 383K

kr =0.69

vf =25.15x
l0{

p"= (12X0'026?--12,691
x 1025.15

=A.0266
do=0.025+0.0016

: c = 0,193

n = 0.618

kf =0.0324

fromChap.6

(
8(0.6e)I/3='
= : 0'o3?:l^9
= 7t .36 +:
;91)''"'"(0.69;"'
2,.6s
r)0'61
0
:re3)
0.0266

h
lBaseUon\
"( J i =

m, .oc

=2 t.4t*
45.4 ' (0.0266X71.36)

'r

4=n( 0.o25x3) =0.236m2

- u

Cmin=(4.4glxtO-3XtO30)=4.626
-

$io=
C**

: NT(J_Q8.41)(0.236)
=t.45
e = 0.78
4.626
L4 =(0.7SX200- 20)= l4O.4"C 4xit = 2OA- ]1;0.4=59.6oC
, If reduceair flow in half, NT(I = (2)0.45) =2.90
e = 0.95
-20)
-l7l
=(0.95X200
=171
=200
=29oC
L4
Texit
. 10-5
, Water in tube
, utn=4 mls TO=90oC d=2.5cm
: k =0.676
Pr = 1.98

p=3.15x10a

p=965

(99sx4xojg2t x
los
r Rea= 3 .1 5x l 0 - = 3.06

= 2o000 I, _
x l0s)0.8(r.9s;0.+
4' =ff10.023x3.06
.oC
0.025
m'

j Oil acrosstube
: T=20"C
u =7 m/s

Tf =40"C

4zfs k=2870
i v = 0 . 0 0 0 2m
n=0.466

;C=0.093

'

, flo=

d= 0.0266m

k=0.r44

R e 4=

Nu=CRe'tPrl/3

0&p.og3)(776\0.466(zr7o)u3
_ _ ( z 6 t u ) _=
. _l t o /
y
=1t67

O.OZOO

#_."C

i R-conduction
= .ln(#) = 2.74xloa
2n(36)

R-inside=-l

44

-l6.36xlo-41

(20,000)zr(0.025)

78,

W^

p= 876

=776

Chapter 10

=
R-outside
=0.0103
: +
hoAo (l I 67)n(o.oz66)
UAI =
=89'2
- l"*,h
**
(Jn= 89'2 -1067-y-u

0-0836

r'v'

- - - -A; - - = 7 c ( 0 . A 2 6 6 ) = 0 . 0 8 3 6
m lengm

^ 2 -o c

,10-6
i Waterat 90"C:p =965

F =3.16x lOa

k = 0.676

(995X4X0.025)
= 3.05x 105
Re_
3 . 1 6x l 0 {

pr = L96

=18,590
x ros;o.s1t.9o)0.3
4 =ffi(0.023x3.05
,ft

y=0.0009
Engineoilat20oC:

pr=10,400
p" = (2(ffi192 = 84.78

k=0.145

DH =0.0375 -0.0266= 0.0109m

= 8.82x 105
RePr= (84.78X10,400)
ftois smallercomparedto [. so
approximatelyho canbe obtainedfrom const.Temp.eq.
(8.82x 105Y0-ot
oqt
Repr4 t
ff=1602.3

at90'C

s
y
-:':!:=(r.86xl602.rrtr{
h"=
--')o'to= '468.6
" 0.0 1 0 9
(0.2S9l

m Z.oc

Based
on4 : (/;=#

=485.6
;ft

?8u

vw=0.289x104

Chapter10
i

10-7

k-43 y 'oc

dt = 0'957 in'

d o = l ' 3 1 5i n '

,n2

rnl'a)
For I m length:
'i

\1/-l.l'r6xlo-3
2nkL

I
I

= 0.05294
hoAo (l 80)zr(l.315X0.0254)
. lI
=0.20146
=
i
hiAi 65)n(0.957X0.0254)
!_
I
- 3.9127
UA=
!'/'r
,
ff

'

0.0 5zg4+ 0.20146+ I .176x l0-3

W
J.9127
F. A '

m" .oC

n(0.957X0.0254)

10-8
l

l(a)
i
j
t'

L T *--

( 2 0 0 - 8 s ) - ( e 3 - 3 5-)

'"(H)

83.30C

,r\93

2w-93

:t

=2.14
F - 0.gz
p - 0.303
R85-35
- 35)= (180)A(0.92X83.3)
= 521.8 kW
q - (2.5X4175)(85
A=37.8m2

- 35)
- 93)= (2.5)(4175X85
|(b) mscs(200
Cmin-

4877

=A.467

10,437
c**
= 37.9 m2
A _ Q.4-)(4877)
180

t-

mscs-4877-C-in

2oo-93=0.648
200- 35

7as

AU =1.4
C*i'

Chapter10
10-11
mw- 230 kg/hr

4n= 35oC

A- I-4*2

7bint"t = l20oc

co=2100 :--lkg'oc
T*(exit max) - 99"C

u -280 y o C

To(exitmin) - 60oC

mt.

t20
min

ffiwc*LT*= 3::@lg0x9 g -35) - 1r,090w

emax=
3600'
230
=267
t-, =-(4180)
360U
LT (max,oil) - 120 60 = 60
LT (rnax,water)= 99 -35 = 64

minimumfluid, sothat NT(J= +Wateris potentially

Crnin

e=

(289)g'4) --1.47
267

&
=0.753
t20-35

= 6.2
*i6 -9nnin
Forcounterflow,
double-pipe
thiscanbeaccomplished
vmax

Co=

1335= hoco= mo(21A0)

#,=
mo=0.636kg/s= 2290kglhr
To,e^it=l2O

=107.ZoCwhichis'greaterthan
the allowedvalueof 60'C

te+

L0-12
: l.s3 Iv[\M
q : (2s00X2202)(1000)/3600
: 84.9"C
AT* -(90-80)/1n(90/80)
l(s4.s)(47)' J83m2
A - (1.s3xlo6)

l0-13
- 153000
cair: 1.53xtO6l(40-30)
New Coi,-(0.6X153000)91800
c*#cmax- 0; NTU - (47x383y91800 0-196
196)- 0.178
s : 1 - exp(-O.
: r -49N{\M
q : (0.178X12a40X91800)
ratefor 4tr/odropin
only 2.6vo dropin condensation
air flow rate.

10-14
A - 4 . 64^ 2
cw = 4175

q =(280)(4-64)

ffiw=

= 1009
ma= 0'45 kg/sec ca
U -280
q_(m),(gl_20)=(0.45)0009X260_7,)
By iteration:T, = 45 '4oC

- 45'4)
009X260
(0.45)(1
= 0.32 kg/sec

- 2A)
(417sxe3

3Ef

ChapFr 1O

lt)-ls
q/ =(5X4180)=20,900

Co=(8)(2100)=16,800

a
ZT=0.8038
vmax

\
uA - - =(120)0^
o-714

iY=Cmin
,

16,800

f =0.41 -

FromFig. 10-13

LTo

A7..* u*
?" (exit)=100-2O.5=79-5"C
2O.5"C
AT^=(0.41X100-50)=
20.5)= 3.44xt05 W
4 = C^LT.=(15,800X
l0-16- T")=1ffi,740W
- 35)= (0.95X2100X175
q = (O.7')(4175X90
1#
85-59'4=71'44
=5.294
' m2
L
o=a*r(.1.u)-J'-'
LT*=ffi
h" =94.4oc
jco
i

,
Oil is min fluid: e =,1 7 5 -9 4 .4=0.575
nS_35

94.4

-3s
.t:

10-18

=205,6s0
w
cp=2742 q-1# et4zx140-s0)

Glycol

u -8s0 y

i:

s=tix*(4175x85-35)
Cw - 4ll2
rl

Cs =

r40- 80
vv
=0.571

- 'Y
Eir

140- 35
t

tiF

** = 0.985kg/sec

(4s00)(2742)
-3428
3600

C-in =
0.834
C**

( u')o=r.3
I C'in I

i9u

mt.oc

A- 5.24m z

Chapter | 0

l0-19

lA =2.e

Cmin

9""=0.417
C-"*

- 35)= 86.loc
LT,=(0.82X140
reduction
of 28.2vo
inq.

s=o.82

q= tm.r{!1?9)=l+z,szs
w

LT,=ffi=

35.9t

Tw,=1o.gc

10-20
= Cs=4877 Cma*
= C*=(10,437X0.7)=7306
Cmin

LT,

=!977=0.667
t6'l

=0.62=
e=o'62
e
c^ * 7306
200-3s
=
=
q (4877)(102.3) 498.9kW
4.5Voreduction
@

9=t.+
Cmin

LTr= 102'3oc

10-21
LT^ = 83.3oC
(a) P=0.303
R=2.14
521.8x103= 080)A(0.86X83.3)
( b ) @=0 .4 6 7
C**

F=0.86
A= 40.5m2
uA =1.55

e =0.648

Cmin

A _ Q.5)(4877)= 40.6m2
180

r0-22
-9
Ctin

- 1.5

= 0.934
+"
C,n*

q = (4877')(87.45)=
426.5kW

e = 0.53

LT,= 87.45

521'8- 426'5=l8.3Lo
vo reduction521.8

It'1

Chapter10
..
:

l0-23

(230)(2100)- 1,3 4 . 1 7

TTioCo=-:r

, "v
3600
:z\
i
266.7
-,\
LTo - (93 -3fi(
+ l= t 15.3
17)
134.17
A 'T' = 82 24.7 = 47.7
7.75"C
LT*
f - r . ,

i
F x .I
i
i

A-

ffiwcw=W

Toour1
- 7 5 - l 1 5. 3 - s g J " C
q-(266.7X93-35)-15,469W

0
15,469
+:0.568
(570X47.75
5)

not largeenough

m2

'= Q.876^2
,,::tf'
E^-2 A- (370X47.75
.75)
t

=266."1

0.g4 *2 is largeenough

10-24

,
psia
p = 83 kN/*t - 12psi

4u, = 204oF= 95.6oC

2 . 2 7 x 1 0V
6ke
ihfr = 976 Btu/lbm ==2.

q - ( 2 . 2 7 x 1 0)6W ) =
\60 )

|M*=ffi=5e
59oC

A-

28'753

=Q. 143^2

uLTm (3400Xs9)

95.6

tf37

7tI"

28,753

10-2s
28,753 = (3400X0.t43)LTm
LT^ = 59oC
(95'6-30)-(95.6- rA
LT*= 59
By iteration To, = 42.6oC
28,753- q = hr(417 5)(42.6-30)
**=

tirw - 0. 5466 kg/sec

= Q.1465kg/sec

=
Voincrease

=Z73Vo

0.I 465
l0-26

o\r,
\zo

Lrm=ffi=42,6oc
q - UALT*

A- ..t?"9=- - 4.ll m2
(340X42.06)

l0-27

e0_20

LT^ =:-'=;r = 46.54"C

tn(26/
q - ffi w cw \T=(2
; .5 X4180X100- 30)
=7.315x105W

A- ==l-= t''1f,1
lo:.=J.86m2
uLTm (2000)(46.54)
l0-29
q : (120-95x
I 900)(3
: 0.488Mw
700y3600
- 16300; :4gg
Cwate,:4880A0.30
Coil
000/25- lg120
c'"#cmax: 25/30- 0.833; e - 30/Oza-20):
0.3
F i g .l 0 -1 5 :N T U :0 .4 5
- 133
A - (0.45)(16300y5s
m,

Ite

t0-29
= l0"Ci C*.. :(3X16300) :
AT'nlarer
4g900
Coir: Cmin:19520;

Crnir,/Cnrr:0.4

NTU: (55X133y1
9520: 0.375
Fig. l0-15: e a,0.3

q : (0.3)(l2o.40)(tss}o0: 0.468
MW
Heattransferhasonlydroppedby 4.r
percentsono adjustments
maybencessary

r00
=
0.000),

u -r43 y

2000

m2.oc

Cw= C,',in= (2.5X4180)= | 0,450

NTU= YA - (141)(7:96)
=e.rc76
C*in
10,450

-0. rc20=;fu
g=l-e4.t076

LT* =).l8oc

T* ,*r, = 30+ 9.18= 39.18oC

l0-31

c-1.0

Cmin=C,,,* =(0.5X1006)=503 n=0.903

N-#-l.rs
f, - 0.50
LT = (0.50X400Trr = 190+ 2A= 210oC

20)- l90oc

Tnr= 400- 190= Zl1oC

10-32

,\48
\->

\,0

cc=loo5 o"=
ffi

=r.247
kel^3

tite= (1500)0.247)=1871
kg/min= 31.19kg/sec
Both fluids unmixed

Lr*=ffi=40.45oc
^=ffi=r.r8

"=#i3=0.385

F = 0.96

q = mocoLTo
= el.l9)0005x37 -10) = g.46x t05 W

A=J-=

'=.,Y9I19.t=435.7
m2

,,
UFLTL (50)(0.96X40.4s)

79.o

Chapter10

10-33

4s

*\
\>>

\,0
Both fluids unmixed
A'--, 30-25
^4

LT*=*7of :27.42"C

R-

\zJ I

P = 0 .9 1

_4_

q
UFLTm

35,000

-20
p - 45
= 0.455
75-20

75-45 :1.2
45- 20

=28.05^2

(50x0.9t)(27
.42)

l0-34
co = l92O

cr=

cw = 4180

(ssx4l80)
=Jg3z
60

t1 _(95)(1920)_"
co:ff=3040

c m i n= a J 9 3

(min)

NTU =

Ct*

(2s0)(r4)
3040

1.151

LTo
f -0.5 - ..

LTo = 45oC
Tor-120-45=75"C
t20 - 30
- 1.368x lOs W
q - CoLTo= (3040X45)
_(3040) ,
LT*
Tr, = 30+35.7- 65.7"C
l= 35.7oC
r r = 451\ 38321

Cw= (5X4180)= 20,900

Co= 4800
q 20,900(60 Trr) = (4800)ho(30- I 0)
- T*r) = (lALTm=(800X30)30--Ti' +10
20,900(60

h(#m)

Solve by iterationI T*, - 3l oC

%
f I O n

JT

lqt

- 31)
(20,900x60
=
(4800x20)

6.31kg/sec

Chapter10

10-36

tf86's
u -lsO y

A-30 mz

LTo = 76.5oC

To,='76.5+ l0 = 86.5oC

LTo

t-

100- l0

mt.oc

= 0.85
90- 13.5:4A.32"C
LT^ =

'"(#)

l .81xlOsW
q - U AL T *= (l 5 0 X 3 0 X 4 0 .3=2)
l0-37
n-0.775
t'0.693
N-(2Xl .59)=J.18
LT = (0.693)(400-20)=263.3
Tn,- f 36.7oC

Tr, - 283..3oC

N - lrt.59=
) a.795

LT-1SS.Z

2'
Tr, 178.2oC

n-1 .052

f,-0.416

Tt, = 241.8oC

10-38

65,.
.-.,--(1006)1090w'c
cn
u

q - (1090x45- 30)- I 6,350W

60'

U =52

T*r= 90oC Assumeair min.fluid

A- 8.0

t-45-30 =a.25
90-30

N_(52X8)_0.382
1090

Unableto matchon graphso C- is min. Iterative:r - C w

ca
l--

LT*

LTo = CLT*

LTo - 15

0.6

0.636

1 . 1 0 4 0.405

24.3

14.6

4.42

0.48

0.795

1.052

28.8

13.82

- 1. r 7

0.50

0.764

0.4664 27.98

13.99

-1.008

0.7

0.546

0.3574 21.44

15.01

+0.01

t.t43

0.48

T*, = 90 - 21.44 = 68.6oC

79a

Chapter10

ro-ig
=(5X4180)=20,900 n=4
Cmin
f,tP
,"-l+(n-l)e,

-, -P-

e=ffi=0'5

05
t
=0.20
=
4
(
0
.
5
)
+
0
'
5
n(l-e)+e

[tO- I - I - (2)t''1=O'253
-= +
-(l
=
U
tfr
+l)-rtz"
N
2o'9oo
A_

(20,9q0)(0.253)
=6.6 m2
800

)-''LJJ
Arotal= (4X6.6)=26.4m2

l0-41
t - (120-90y(120-30): 0.333
Samefor parallelandcounterflow

lo-42
C-it/Cmax: 10/30 : 0.333

r - 0.333
Parallelflow : NTU x 0.45
Counterflow.NTU^,
0.47

l0-43
: 0.I 1l 1I
C*ir,/C^u*: 0; t - lO/(10-30)

l0-44
NTU - -ln(l - e) - 0.I178 for bothcases

lst

C=1.0

10-45
mp,=2.6 kg/s
- 81

,,F,
67
LT*=m=73'78

A-2.48^2

=rLr,=r1z-4)=r4
Lrn

ffic= l '3 kg/s

S=

- 4)= (830)A(73'78)
q =(1 .3X4175)(32

32- 4 = 29.SVo
99-4

\ss

32
\4
l0-46
"c

Tr, _ Tcr
To, - Tcl

dq -- UdA(Th- Tc) = ritrcrdT,

UA

rA

-dr, =ydA
Th- T,

i-

hrc,

_e-T%
-r)l?=ffio L_fr,
-rn(h
Th - Tr,

T^
- c 2 -Tr,
'r
- l - ^-#
=!
Tn- Tr,

-- UA

f , = ' ? --7,
?t -I -e

fficc c

Th

10-47
LTn=75- 30 = 45oC
Water is minimum fluid'

LTo=48-25--23"C
45 =0.9
d- AT* =,
ATinu* 75-25

79+

Chapterl0

l0-49
0.004=:

tl

340

u -14l

A- (2.4r(340)- 5.7gm2

\rM)

withoriginalarea,oil is minfluid c - 1900

,-', 29,9=g2g.6
29,000_
uo=99-55
Cw_
il60
50-25

Cmin
=A.714
C,n.,

LTo
NTU _QM)(2.45)=0.426
e - o.2g:
828.6
90 -25
(828.6X1
LTo l8.85oC
q
8.85) 15,619
W
reducedby 46Vo
l0-50
90

u\,0
\5

0=60 kW

(J -ll:00, ,y

mt -oC

cold fluid is minimumfluid g=60-,5 =0.&7

90-s

NTU=1.5

= ug'otp= logl
Cmin

Crrrin
=20 =0.364
c!n*
55

.5)
A_(lOglxl _ I .4gmz
I100

60-5

I0_5I
NTU = 1.9
AZ;i" = 5l.75oC

q--(51.75)009t1=56,460W

AGin
s =0.6980-5
onlyreduced
by 6%

10-52
29,000= CoQs- 15)= C.(70- 40)
C- =966'7
C w- C m i n = 1 9 = 0 . 3 3 3
30 =
s=
0.545
ca c^*
30
70-15
.0 X 9 6 6 .7_)zl
A_ ( l
.5^ 2
45

)qr

UA =
1.0
Cmin

Chapter10
l0-53
9 6 q =3 2 2 .2
-'
L w= J

C.in. - 0'333 0. I t I
C*u*
3

g-_o9z: LT*

NTU=yA =(4?l(21:'5)=3.0
Cmin

Ln, = 50.6oC

70 - 15

322.2
q - CwLTw- 16,303W

r0-54
For parallel flow assume h, = ritn
q = rhhcpu(Tn,-Trrr) = ritrcpr(Tr, - frr!

cpo = cp,

ritn= it"

exp
^(+.+l="*n[--^
- -L
*=
[,.+t"ll
Tn,-Tr,
hrcp"l,Aoro^
\hncn ritncn
)
))

Tn,-Tr,

= eXD(-r-%-)
'I
Tor-Tr,
hrtp,)

- T"
considercold fluid: e -7"
To, - Tcr

Thr-Tr,
_Tnr-2Trr+Tr,
To, - Tr,
TO,- 7,,

TOr-Tht+Qrr-frr)

lThr- Tr) + grr

Trr) + e,

To,- Tct
For counter flow:
q-UA(Th-Tr)
e-

Q a c tQmax

9-l

-ze

rit6c7rdT1,= hrc rdfc - dq

UAgh-f)

=NT

ritc(T1rr frr)

NTU
I+ NTU

I _ e-zUA
l - -

2
dq=UdA(Th-Tr)

=Nru
,(ml =Nru(L
+
(,-e)
ffi]

10-55
cw(90-55)=Co(50-25)

c*
co

25

=_

Cw = Cmin

35

7lt

$-

90-55 =
53.8Vo
9A-25

Chapterl0

10-56

uA

=-

2057 =
Q.500
4ll2

Crnin -

Cs=(3428X0.6)-2056.8

c*u*

(850)(5.24)

f - 0.77

= 2.17

2057
C*in
-Twi) - (4112X85-T*,)
q QA5T(0.77X140

T*, = 50.54oC

Preheaterheatswater from 35oCto 50.54oC

q - (4ll 2X50.54- 35) = 63,900W

1 1 5 - 9 9 ' 5- 1 o 7 o c
aLrTm*_- @ _
At T- l50oc=302oF
hf, -- 2.tl7x 106 JBe

A-

63' 900 = 0.299

m2
(2000x107)

hft: 9lo Btu/lbm

63,900
f f i')* = - = 0 . 0 3
zJfi xl0o

kg/sec

l0-59
ma= 5'0 kg/sec

A - 1 1 0^ 2

U =50

w
;rc

ms-ske/s

375"C
mg

(a) Both unmixed

_ 010xs0)
.. .-1.095
(sxl00s)

C-in
- 1.0
C-*

NTU-\'

LT = (0.49)(37
5 - 27)- I 70.5
t - 0.49
Tr, =375-170'5- 2045oC
To,- 1705+21- I 97.5"C
= 8.57x l0s w
q - (5025X170-5)
(b) g - 0.48

one fluid mixed

)g,l

about sarneresults

Chapterl0
10-59
mw= 30 kg/s
Tr, = 40oC

Cw= (30X4174)- 125,220

LTo

r90
r80
r40
80

10
20
60
t20

fYl

u -2t5

To,= 200oC

q - (125,220X40-24)=/.JQQ,x
106W

Tu"

T,^,=20"C

N_

c-l

m[r-l.)

\ce-l)

NTU
250,M0

0.5
0 .l l l l
0 .l 2 l 2
125,220 1 . 0
0 .l l l l
0.125
41,740 0.333 0.333 0.432
20,87A 0.167 0.667 1.177

10-60
mw = 50 kg/s
Ts= 200oC

T*, = 60"C
T*, = 90oC
Cw= (50)(4174)= 208,700

(J - 4500
C=0

30

N - -ln(l -0.2143)=0.2412
2W-60
(0.24t2)(209,700)
T*, - 60
- l l . 1 8m z
A_
s- "/ - 6 0 =0.2143
4500
4
T*r-=0-214Jfs
+ 47.1
S=

10-61
80-30 =0.7143
100- 30
_ (1.253)(5X4180)
=29.A9m 3
dA =

- 30)- 1.045x 106

(a) q -(5.0X4180)(80
N--ln(l -s)-1.253

(900)(29.09)
= 4.818
(1.3X4190)
- 30)= 69.4oC
LT* = (0.992)(100

(b) N-

f,=

f,-l-e-N

=0.992

Ti, = 69.4+30 = 99.4oC

l0-62
=20f,l6
Cw= (0.48X4180)
1005
t1
:0.5
l- _

- 1005
Ca= (1.0X1005)

(s0x20)
:

1.0
f, - 0.55
2W6
1005
- l0) = 38.5oC
LTo= (0.55X80
To exit- 10+ 38.5= 48.5oC
= 19.25"C
LT* = (0.5X38.5)
T. exit= 80 - 19 '25- 60'75oC
NTU =

309

Chapterl0

10-63
A
T -=;7ggf
60-Lo
LT*

q - 600,000= UALT* - (300)A(49.33)

=49.33oc

'\40/

A- 40.55m2

f, =

160- 90

7A =
0.636
160-50 ll0

lg-64

-i

-r4o

\,0

(r -130 y
';z;c

co -2100+

kg'oc

it*=3.0 kg/sec

C - = ( 3 X 4 1 8 0 ) - 1 2 , 5 4 0 q = CwLTw= CoLTo=2-508 x 105 w

4 i 0 --2 0 ')=6 2 7 0 c- in =0.5
180- 140= O.25
c ^ = f l 2.5
\( -140)
' 4 0'\180
180- 120
c^u
(0.35X6270)
- 16.gg^Z
NTU = 0.35
Aif waterflow cut in half ,* = UEt
=1.254x10sw
q -(2.5OBxtOsXO.S)
Oil flow will be reducedso it will still be min. fluid.
080- 40)-(To2-20)
q -- co(180- To) = (130X16.88)-

hcil
'\rq-20
)

Toz= 36oC
Solveby iteration,
Flow is reducedby 86Vo.

%0 gO- 36) = 1.254xl1s

,q,

Co= 870.8

Chapter l0

10-65
ho =0.8 kg/sec

To,=30"C

Toz='loc

Tr, =3oC

= 804
U = 55 +
h* =0.75kg/se
c
Co=(0.8X1005)
m' .oc
3 )1 3 5 t = ? 9 ^ - 7 ^ = 0 . 8 5 @ = g
=0256
C , = ( 0 . 7 $ ( 4 1 8: 0
30-3
Ctn* 3135
NW =2.4

A=Q'4)(8M)=35.08m2
55
Watercutinhalf: +" =(2)(0.256)=0.512

NTU=2.4

L-"*

e=0116=:*,
30-3
7oreductio
n =(r\

LT|=20.52"C
20'52)
x 100=to.8vo
23)

10-66

-l
g - ::
=,- e.813
3 0- 1 .7
A_

(l .675X804)_
I 0.77^z
125

N TU-l 'Y s
?

Initial

NTu=-rn(r- s) = 1.675
Reduceairflowby

\TO
- -2
.5 1 2
LI.J
t - l - e- N- o.919- 30- 1.7
q - (804X30- 7) :18,492 W

Reduced q -(so4)(
l)t^

= 13,e36
w

Reducedby 24Vo

4oo

LT' = 26"C

Chapter10
10-67
mo=4W kg/hr=l.lll kglsec

Co=20O0+
"
kg'oc

Co= Cmin=(2000X1.lll) - 2222

, = -&-=
AG*

=#
N=-ln(l-e)=1.099

O,q=
0.667
,t=0.100 40

o=W=2.034m2

-mm

Whenoil flow cut in halfi

N T ( J=(2 X 1 .0 9=2
9 ).1 9 8

e- N= 0.889= ==!To
100- 40
=ffrtt.34)
= 59,260W = itrhy,
q = CoLTo

LTo= S3.34oC

*'=ffi=o'0262

=l-

kg/sec

10-6E
e=0.75-;AT':;
arn=37.5"c
100- 50
(1.386X5X4180)
= 24.t4m2
A_

N = -ln(l -) = 1.386

t2w

10-69
Reducewaterflow in half
=l-

e -N=0 .9 3 7 =

1'386=2.772
NT(J=
0.5

LT,

100- s0

T*" = 46.9+50 = 96.9oC

Ar .,= 46.g"c

= 4.901x 105W
q = C*LT, = (5)(0.5)(41S0X46.9)

10-70
LT* = 80- 52 = 28oC
Airisminimumfluid:

LTo= 40 -7 = 33"C
33 =0.452
,=
80-7

io-zr
,ir* -- 150 kg/min=2.5 kg/sec

q = mrCyy(Z8)=ri1ogo13t',

=2.926x
q = (2.s)(4180X2s)
105w
NTU=o.g=V
co

I =3 = o.Sag
c. 33
(0'8x2'5)(4180x0'848)
=t4zm2
A50

4o,

Chapterl0
l0-72
tits = l0 kg/sec

tix, = 15 kg/sec

Cs = 2420

Cs=24'2w

Cw=62,700

Crnin
= e.3g6
C-*

f , = 0 9 - ? 4 = 0 . 4 N T U = 0 . 6 =UA
70-20
C*in

Glycol is minimum fluid

A=

c*-4180
+
kg'oc

(0.6x24,200)

-363 ^2

40

l0-73
- 41,800 U =35 - . -W
---C*in
= - = 0_24,200
.579
C. =(10X4180)
m"-oc
Cn,* 41,800
(35X363)
LT'
= 0.525
g -0.38 =
NTU_
LT, - lg"c
24,200
70-20
Ts=20+19-39oC
l0-74
C w = ( 4 X 4 1 8 0 ) - 1 6 , 7 2 0 = C m i n = C r n *U - 8 0 0
-20
C.in
= 0.66667
= 1.0
f, = 90
80-20
Crn*
Fromnextto lastentryof Tablelr3 for C =l
Solvingfor p, tp=
F r o m F i g .l f l 7 , a t

n-(n-1)e
C=l

800

nt' P
f,=

l- (n-l)ep

=0.4
T]A
=e
Np=0.8

t-0.4

(0.9x16,720)
-

o^p = -

n=3

16.72
^2

Atotal= (3X16.72)= 50.16 m2

10-75
Wateris minimumfluid
q - 8 00 x1 0 6=C *(3 0 -2 5 )
LT*
ar
c -_- :

30 -?\' u

C*-1.6x108

u - 2000--6--

mt. oc

UA
N - -ln(l - t) = 0.069-

=0.06667

AG"* 100-25
^ = ( 0 . 0 6 9 .X61x t 0 8 )= , . , , l , r.r

Crrrin

5519 m:

4o.

Chapterl0

'0-76
Waterflow in half

NT(J=0.138

Cr, = 0.8x 108

= I - e-N=0.12g9= =-^4^Tn==
100- 25
q= C,,LT'=7.73x108w =rirrhfe

LTn=g.67oc
hfs =2.255xt06 frg

.
7.73x 108=343
^ kg/sec=l'235xt06 kg/trr
hr=
z

rc-77
Ts,= 25"C

Ts, = 65oC

Cg= 2474

ms = | .2 kg/s

u -600 y

T*, = 55"c

LT, - LTw

m'-oc
C*in
- Cw
= 1.0
Cs = (l .2)(2474)=2969
Crn*

NTU- I .{=

UA

= 95oC
7.,
wl

f,=

40
95- 25

A-$.4)(2969) =6.93 m2
600

C*in

10-78
J
cp - 1 0 0 5
kg'oc

p - 1.1774
kel^3
F=1.846x10-s

Pr - 0.708

D n= 0 . 0 1 1 8 f t = 0 . 0 0 3 6 m

o = O . O g=
l *

--Q.6g7X0.18)
=o.1254m2

Frontalarea=(0.3X0.6)= 0.18m2
(l.l774xlo)
=17.57_$_
G=N-A ,4"
0.67
m' .s

(0.0036X12.5J)
=3426
n" 4G -

stpr2/3= 0.004= Lvu3

G, o

1.846x l0-r

= 88.09
ft = (Q,Q04)(I7.57X100SXO.ZOS)-2|3
,.ft
This coefficientis controlling
= 0.054m3
Volume = (0.3)2(0.0)

n'l =
= ro.oro{
40.56
m2
Area= (0.054)d
HeatTransfer
-(.rrn *x3.28
m)
ft'

- 27)
- - --itco(r2
e=nn(roo
+ +)
-27)
oos)(rz
(88.ex40.s6\10042 -?\=
2 ) e.r774)(10x0.18)0
Tz=93.93"C

&t

Chapter10
e = 1.4 3 x1 0 sW =,i rrh fs
h, = *=
nfs

hfs=2.ZSSxtO6
l/tg

0.63 kg/s

r0-81
=2382 J
cu
kg'"c
-=
=
q m*c*LT. = mrc
rL% (0.6X4I 80X80 60) = (0.8X2382)LT, 50,I 60 W
= UALT*
LT, =26.3"C
2 6 '3 =0 .4 3 9
e=
80- 20
Assumecounterflow

LT^-W=36.76,C

4=

5o160 =r.36m2
(1000x36.76)

80

*\uo
\,.

10-82
q = mrc *LT* = mocoLTo= (0.6)(4180X50- 20)= (l .2X2I 00)(100- Toe)
- 75,240W
LTo=29.86
Toe=70.14"C
Wateris min. fluid andmixed
Oil is max fluid andunmixed.
Cmin-29'86=0.995
,=-j9-=0.375
100- 20
Cnl*
30

=
"

o#

- 0.375)]
= 0.634
= uA
tn[r+ 0.9951n(r

Crnin

(0.634X0.6X4180)
=0.636m2
A_
250
r0-83
Water is min fluid and unmixed
Oil is max fluid and mixed

ru=-m{l*=*rntl-0.99s(0.37t1} =0.469
L 0.99s
)
{o4

A=o.470m2

ChapEr l0

r0_84
- l0) = (3X2100)0ZO-To")
q = mnc.LTn= mocoLTo=
(2)(4180X70
= 501,600N
LTo=79.62
To"= 40.38"C
Oil is min fluid.
79' 62 = 0.723g
c = - .6 0 ,,=0 .7 5 3 6
s=
n= 3
79.62
120- l0
It-tc\ttn_r'
\-t9-l
rSee
en=;;q,
(t prob. l0-S3)
- \'
\-T-6 /
( | - (o.7z7s)(0.
753oy1I / 3 -l

= _It-sinlz#-)

(@-r.rso6-oJsro
- w

\----l_o-tm-)
FromFig.10-16,
2.25= ,. V'-!,.
(3X2100)

l'1806-l_=0.423

N(l shellpass)=0.75 N(total)=(3X0.75)=2.25

= 47.25mz
A - Q'25)(3)(2lffJ)
300

10't5
C, =(l)(4180)=4139

Co-(3)(2100)=6399

= 3.391
NT(J=(3oox47'25)
4180
N (l shell)= I .13 ep = 0.54

f=*=0.663
c**
6300

FromFig.l9-l6

FromTable l0-3
Ir-(o.s+)(o.eor)]3
-' 1
LT.
[----]]'g';J
-= 0.836

v'vJv "=
120- l0
- o.oor
[1-(0i1*9663)]'
L T *=9 1 .9 7 " C
T *" = 1 0+ 91.97= 101.97"C
Fromenergybalance:
LTo= 6l.02oc
To"= L20- 61.02= 58.98"C
q = 3 . 8 4 4 x1 0 5w

4o6

Chapterl0
10-86

r-D

37.8

-26.7"
/zl .lo

(J=700 y

tiIF =0'23 kg/s

hf, =120 kVkg
;p *C
q - ,irrhfs = (0.23X1
20)= 27,600w - hrcn(26.7 - zl .l)

LT*=ffi-l3.7loc

hrcn = C*:4929
q-UAFLT*

A-

27,600

= 2.88m"

(700)(t
3.7r)

F-1.0

5.6
s=: i- =0.335
16.7

10-87

=24rr N= -," --liloe2e)

ff W=
/ l\

=#
r=l- e-N-0.559

0.818

A?ir=(0.559X16.7)=9.33ee

q -- CnLTn = Q.33)(U64) = 22,991W

=Wx
%Reduction

loo=l7vo

I0-gg
mhch = fficcc = (3X4180) - I 2,540

c-1.0

n=4

g - 20 =0 .2 8 5 7
80-10
UsingEq. in Table1O-3for C =l
e[t+(n-l)ep]=ntp

tp=

e
n- e( n- l)

0.2957
= 0.0909
4- ( 3X0.2857)

FromTable 1014

(zz-l-l-",E) .=n
e ,.1n0n0^2 =r-I=A- l o o o A
l/-*h'
42 \22-l-l+42)
cmin (3x4180)
A - 1 . 2 5 ^6 2

4otul= (4X1.256) 5.024^2

4or

Chapterl0

r0-89
New Crin = 0.5X4180)=627O C=0.5
Oneshellpass
ry=12)(0.1002)=0.20M

Fromrabre
rG3

(r.rw#rf
eo=zlr+0.5+

=0.173

Also from Table lL3

=

/l-o.o86s\a
_r
- =0.4943==%

8o-ro

(fffi).-c

LTn=34.6oc

= 2.156xlOs W
q = (1.5X4180X34.6)
ForProb.l0_8O
q=(3X4180X20)=2.508x10s\V
l4Vo relaction in heattransfer
10-90
C = 0.5 a n d1 .0
Take N (l shell)= 1.0
Fig. 1Ll6
ep=0.525
e p =0 .4 5
Fig. 1Gl7
N =2

at C=0.5

,=

at C= 1.0

at C=0.5
a t C= 1.0
ep = 0.76
at C = 0.5
sp=0.62
at C=1.0
(t-o.zozs\z-' r
\-lTEIzsJ
=0.73g

(ffi)'-o.s
(2X0'45)

-=O.621
n

Good agreement,consideringaccuracyof readingfigures.

ls-91
solve third from lastequationof Table lG3 for eo.

4E1

Chapter10

r0-n
Co = Q.0)(2100)=14,'l0O
Twi=20oC
=(3.5X4180)
Cmixed C.
=14,630
Tor= 100"C

e= 0.6= ,=11=
-

Ar, = 48t

100 20

q = (14,630)(48)= (14,700)LTo

Toe=52.3oc

LTo= 47.BoC

cmixed=
l1'u?9=0.995

Cunmixed 14,7ffi

Twe= 6goC

N=2.5= LIA

14,630

U A =3 6 ,5 7 5

r0_93
C, =(1.0)(4180)=4180 NTU =(2500X0'8)=0.4785
4180
r = l - e 4 '4 7 8=0
s .3 g =,=1 1 =
LT*= 3o.4oc
100- 20
7., =20+30.4 = 50.4oC
t0-94
=6270
C, = (1.5)(4180)

C8= (3.0X2474)=7422
q = ( 62 7 0 )(5 0 -2 0=7
) 4 2 2 L Ts=l.88lxlgsW
LTr = ZS.34IC

, - -&-=

* = o.s

80-20 60
FromProb. lL77

= 0.845 n= 4
c- =9?7-o
7422

Ir-o.s(o.s+s)ll/a
-,

t--l:05-l
to=m=o'1914
[ 1-0.s l
FromTablel0-4

(l+ C2)rt2=1.3C-[t2

-l
=
N,nfofm-r-o-s+s-r.rogz)
v r.3os2
tadr4ffi)=o'234
= @)(0.234)=0.937=
Ntotar
?..qf
6n0

A=6.53m2

4at

Chapter| 0

l0-95

Cs=ry=3-lll =Cmin
t'''-- 37ll
L
:=0.592

Np_
(l+C2)rl2

6270
FromTable lO-3

ttp=rLr+0.
ssz+(r
.r6z)#]-t

(900X6.53)
_ o. 3gsg
(371X4)

- I .162

N(l + Cz)rtz:0.46

=e.zs:

From Table l0-4

lwJo_,

f,=

IryJ--at.5e2
LT, - 41.13"C

LT_
5
80-20

= 0.685-

LT. =

h, =20+24.34=M.34oC

(41.13x37
tt) -24.34"C
6270

10-96
= 2A87
Cw= (0.5)(4174)

U=57

(s7)(52) ,
=1.474
2010

C*n -2010=0.963
c*u* 2097
f =0.55 =

Ca= Q)(1005)= 2010

NTU-\-

LTo
1 3 0- 7 5

LTo=30.25oF-16.81oC

Lr*- (r6.8De:$
'\2087 : I 6.I eoc

)
= 33,788W
q - CaLTa- (2010X16.81)

T* exit- 100.9oF- 38.26"C

l0-97
Ca= (1005X0.2)=201
NTU -

uA
e

Cmin

(40xs)=
201

C w- ( 4 1 8 0 X 0 . 2 ) = 3 3 6

1.0

e - 0.59=

LTo

90 -20

e-r-.*[#]

q - CaLTa- (201X41.3)= 8301W

l0-98
Using equationfrom Problem 10-83
r,2

L--

Cmin -2Ol
=0.n4
c!n*
836

n=3

60-30 =o.375
e110-30

tp = o'158

4az

LTo - 41.3oC

=o.se

Chapterl0
10-99

=(31
x4l80x2A),
) == L ,(30)
Tab
Ta
L A rle
D r04
( l +' 1 2 ttz- I .zo2
q-

Co = Cmin= 8360

'I

_|.Z}ZJ
I(I :0.r
E_t_0.6.67
- - x I *tnl
= 0.
^vv
v ' lg3
1.202 \ 0 . 1g - I - 0 . 6 6 7+ 1 . 2 0 2

'YN
Np
v

230A
t:
l tal) = (3)(0.
Nv((ltoti
r8
33) =Q.548A (total)= lg.gz
:0.lI
8360
Red
[edlucte water to
. o ZT
2kel
= ( 2)(4180)
cw
(l+c2)rt2-1.414
c-l.o
) = '[$836, - c o
"w
+ exp(-0'183x 1'414)l-t
,lr+r+(r
= e. ls4
.47
[ l14)
,
- exp(-O.

-2
l;
'p =
Ep

(From
\- - - ---Tablel0-3)
183x l.4ta)J
"1
Nex
{exrt to
tc last Equa
uatiro n ( f Tablelf3 for C = |
,p
I x0'154) - 0.353- Lr* f,LT*=zg.zoc- LTo
l + ( n - l ) e ,p
l+
ll0- 30
p
-- 1 1 1 0- 2 9).2
I
- , 8 1 ioc
'we
" 2 )(0 .154) To,= 30+ 28.),:58.2"C
h'
we
2 ) - , 2 . 3i x l O s w
qt -- (8:
8360)(28.2)
i-

.Lt

10-l
0-l
D-l00

h=3ooo ho=l9o+m".oC

do=25mm

w
copperk -386
m-oC
ro - 12,5mm
r; - 11.7mm
I

ui

I -L Ailn(ro f ri) - | A,
'
'
hi
zrckL
ho Ao

ro-r;-0.8mm

di =23-4 mm
1

rr.7
-czreoJ
3m--n(0.023$ln(12.5111.7)L

- 190 ----:i-mt. oC

4to

Chapurl0

r0-102
\

ss\

60

\,0
LTn = 40oC
LT, =25"C
Hot fluid is minirnum fluid
t-#3

LT (min fluid)
LT (maxHx)

40 =
0.571
100-30

l0-103
4 tubepasses;
oil in tubes,90oCto 60oC;
2 shellpasss,
water in shell, l0"C to 50"C

LTn= 30

q- 500kw

vo - -\''\''\''
00J
kg'oc
^Z'oc
Water is min fluid
Lfc - 40

g=50-lo =0.5
90-10

UA
NTU= 0.9=

C*in
crnu* 40
=
q-Co(30)- Cw(40)
Cw - 12,500: C*in
Co 16,667
(0.9)(12,500)
_ ZtZm2
(e- NTU method)
A_
53
40-50
'
l''tg
--2.99kg/s
LMTD - LTm =@)-=44'8oc
mw=
+tgo

Tz.=60

\=90
p - 9= 0.5
80
A-

500,000

F -0.9g
- 215m2

(53X0.98X44.8)

tz=50

\=10

q-UAFLT*
(LMTD method)

4t,

R-

3 0= 0 . . / 5
40

Chapter l0

10-104
q = 250,000W

Co = 16,667

A-212 ^2

U=53 Y

^2.oc

cw

cw
co

NTU

5000

0.3

2.25

0.82

65.6

2000

0.12

5.62

0.97

77.6

3000

0.19

3.15

0.94

75.2

LT*

cw - 3500
% Reduction =

t2,500- 3500
x 100=-l7%o
12,500

10-105
Finnedtube,steamat 100'C

q- 44 kW

Air hearedfrom lO"C to 50oC

U=25 Y

^2.oc

100
50

e-

vsv 0 - 1
^ v0
-Q.Qp{{
r00 10

fu_o
C,n*

N - -ln(l - s) = -ln(l -0.M4)= 0.588

NTU =

UA
Crnin

A_

(0.588X1
100))
25.87m25

*tz

44,000
50-10

Crnin= _ - 1 1 0 0

329,000
155,2W
225,600

Chapter 10

10-106
Crnin 0
Crnu"

(J .- rix0.8- C0.8

f=l-e-N

=2e,3so
q-(?\<*,ooo)
w
a
\ll''

NTU

Cmin (C.ir)

r000
600
700

LTai,

23.16

0.599

0.45I

40.57

40,57A

1 5 .3 9

4.6&

0.485

43.66

26,194

17.41

0.644

0.474

42.7|

29,899

- 690
vo Reduction- lloo
x loo = 37Vo
1100

Cair= 690 for q = 29,350 W

l0-It07
Steamin shell at 38"C

4 = 700MW

I shell,2 nrbepasses

Water 20oCto 27"C

AssumeU =2500 +.

m'.oC

,==)=0.38889
38-20

N=-ln(l-e)= 0.492

_ 7 o o x l o 6_ r x l o 8
rCw=6-=l

m_. . = b t n t =23,920kg/sec
Or*

NTU =0.492-

UA
Cmin

A_

(0.4gZXlx tO8)19,680m2
2500

10-108
q-7x108=C*(34-20)
34 -2 a =0 .7 'l '1 8
f ,=
38-20
A_

q=cnLT,

Cw-5x107
N--ln(l

-s)-l.J=

UA
C-in

(1.5X5x 107)
= 30,080mz
2500

4t3

Chapter,t0

t0-10s
A = 19,680m2

34-20

= a S _ 2 0= O . 7 7 7 8

/-V=-ln(l-0.X778)=1.5=
+Lmin

(2500X19'680J
=3.28x107
Cmtn-l-5

q = C.AT' = (3.28x tOTXg+- 20) = 459 MW

ZoReductio"=

x loo = 34.4vo

10-llr ,
do=1.315 di=1.049in.

4=80+@=70oC

P=858
pr =770

ft=0.139

k=43+
m.t"2
y=0.6x10+
cp=2090
(5Xl'049X0'0254)
Re- =2220

06"#Z--

Freeconvection Tr-70+20=45oc
&=4.2xl0ro
"2pk
k = 0.64
GrPr= (4.2xtol0)(t.lts)3(o.ozs+)3
(70 -20) ='I.B2x107

=
h,
" -X:

xloT)rt4 = 953
'-- +

q = itcrLT6=1tsty15y@-

- 60)= 99,970
w
e.0zsq2(2090x80

^(0.53X7.s2
(l .315)(0.0254t

m'2."C

Assumeinsidebarelyturbulent:

.3= '4re
- - J4.' = '=
: 2 5e.023)(2220)0.8(zzo)0
\' ' - l
(1 .0 4 9 x0 .0
4)
Neglectconductionresistance
= 2 9 1- W
u= r\
t-GC
E*E
- - + -1-.3
- -1- 5 , ro :=l.l8in.
6, l_=1 .M9

m 2.oc

q =UrdLLT
L, =

99,970
- '_

=7L.gm

(29r)n(r.r})(0.0254)(7020)

4r4

Chapterl0

| 0-113
q - 60,000 Btu/hr

At 40 mph

(J - hr03 = 0.0066v0'7
At 40 mph- 211,200ftltrr

G'w

LTo--

Tf - To,

o. rgz

Il = 35

Bt-n
h r - f t 2- o F

LT - l00F

hair = k z v = Q .l l S v
c*in =Q
Cr*

30 mnh = 158,000ftlhr
ix - 18,700
U 28.5

NTU
Cmin=34.3
NTU=0.20 A
ftz
U

-At

Lu a - 9 s

f,=0. 185=

Cmin -M90

NTU*'- = 0.218

Tr" - 105.2"F

55

q - fuocpoLTo= 58,000 Btu/hr

3.3Voreduction

At 20 moh= 105,600ftltrr

--il-

U - 21.6

f - 0.20 -

ita - 12,450

L"a -es

cmin -2290

NTU*'.=0.248

Tr" - l06oF

55
q - 32,900 Btu/hr 45.2Vo
reduction
=
At
l0
moh
ftltrr
52,800
-....:

u - 13.3

NTUmax=0.305

ma - 6230
S=0.26

q - 21,400Btu/hr

&.4VoReducrion

-c

Cmin= | 495
Tr" l0g.3oF

100

O.
t1
r<

:80

vg
r{-{ C
oE
trtr
ox

EE

60

40

&
&, zo
s
0
l0

20

30

40

10-114
ta

p - 345 kN/ m' = 50 psia

53-39

4u, = 281"F 138"C

- 85)= 438,375W
q = (7.5X4175)(99

q - (2800)A(45.&)

A - 3.43m2 = (30)/r(0.025)(2L) L - A.728m

-45.64
LT*=fff
t"(Fl

1tt

ChapterI0
l0-l 15

Rf = o-ooo5

w
Udirty- I 167 ----

mt. oC

uoiny u.trun

- 182,636W
q: (l 167)(3.43)(45.64)

LT* =

T ; , = 9 9 - 5 . 8 3= 9 3 . 2 o C

192,636 5.930c

(7.5X4t75)

10-116
h (steam)- 9000
'v\'\' Y

t.oc

rr--=:--r.^E

tr*t

gmnfu

m"'oc

Cw =C,',in=(0.76)(4180)-3176

l2l" c

'19.4"
C
./

/lo" c
f lA

69'4
/t^F
'
a 'e - + = A . 6rr.
N - - l n (- l--\e- ) = 0 . Y
98
25
' ' - I' - L
111
c
(0.gg
lx3 176)
A
A_
t226
Waterflow reducedby 60Voto Cw= (0.4Xfnq - I 270

N_

u! _(t226)(2.54)
:2.45
cw
t270

LT* - l01.4oC

e - N= 0 . 9 1 4 = L T '
lll
T. exit- 10+ 101.4 I l l .4oC
e-l-

70-777

=+-*
o.moz+o.ooo4
A
^oiny

_ 150
30
137.6

u -r37.6 y

^2.oc

Ait'v = 32.7 ^2

9Voincrease

1t,'

Chapbrl0
l0_ll8
ps = 100psia

Satsteam:

Ts=328oF

i = 1000: ?t+ =
hr. ft" .oF

h/e = 888.8 Btu/lbm

neglectwall resistance.

COz: hr=3ffi

T"r=2OO"F
so - su = 3
pc = 0.1106lum/ft3 ai 90"F
dd2

cp"=0.20g

lbm/hr

Pc=15psia Trr=7QoF

n=0.62

rirc
u*=+

*=0.0134
-tS,
P=0.0874rtnax=r-l
+l -d,/
q, = UAF(LT^) F =l
h"= k-g1p..r"

pA

Re,= ry

p-d

No=4=du'*"a}^
k
\v
)
( .s- \

Trt = 2 3 l o F

c=o.25

Assume
L=3.25,,=0.nlft

Un==_#.

A=0.1775ft2

mrm
LT^--W

z-=r99,oooft/hr
^'\r''-rc,

tlnax= 597'000ft/hr

Re4= 24,200

UA( T;=ritco(Tz-Tr)co,

Ue--fl

ft = 83.5
L=lO7.5

g: = 0.26g= 3.22in.= 3.25,, thisassumption

waso.k.
400
1o_,121
- 25)
m"(2r0o)(r38- 93)= (2.5)(4r75X65
oil is minfluid
At= 4
Assume
mo=4.41'lkg/sec U =450
13810,438
,r=Y
c.o = e.5)(4r75)=
t t = : . ; l 8 - 42 5
- 138-50
-n'2 -4'417-l
75)=7g4g
c* r=(1.88X41
#=3E
mol
ffiot
NTUZ
Crro,
- 25)= C,6s,(138- \) = 260,954
00'438X50
- 50)= C*o, 0 38- T) = ll7 ,735
(7849)(65
r = 0.3023
By iterationiffior=3.638 4 = l03.8oc
Nr = 0.4099
Cr=0.732

Ar=h=W=6.96m2

1,r

Chapterl0
l0-122
Wateris min fluid
F=|
(1
(LT^)r 38 25). (138 50)

r"(*3)

(LT*)z

At - 1.53$^2
= 99.98oC

(138- s0)- (l 38- 6s)

=

rnil

Az = Q.863^2

80.27"C

- 25)- l TNAI (99.98)- 260.9kw

Qr= (2-5)(4175X50
- 50)- I 7Wh(gO.Z7)= t17.7kW
ez (l .88X4175)(65
ffisr- -Ln2

o. l r6 kg/sec

ffis2= -?2 = 0.052 kg/sec

nfs

l0-126
Bothunmixed
ho =174
hs = 5000
U - 168
c=0
Volume = (0.5X0.4)= 0.2 m3 = 7.063ft3 Area = (7.063)(229)
=1617

ftz

A=150-3m2
Cmin= 0.1774)(0.5X15X1006)=8883
ry.C
G68l-(ll0'3)
=2.g43 =l- e1.843=0,j942
N8883
- 300)= 68.7oC
LTo= (0.942)(373
ToZ= 368.7K= 95.7oC
q (S883X68
.7)=6. 1x lOsW
10-134
If the pair of heatexchangershu9 very large massflow of watercirculating
negligible lemperaturedrop wouldI occur in the waterandtherewould
be
maximumtransferof heatfrom the outsideto ins[deair. In addition,if the
areaof
theexchangers
is verylargethelimiting casewill be experienced
wherethe
temperatureof the air dischargedto outsidewill be
to the outsideair
temperature-eltering
"qout the limiting casefor
the system.Theseconditiorlsrefresent
-'
operationof qF system,andail othercaseswill involv" ,o-"*t ut
G;?J;
performance.
Selectionof an eventualdesignwouldhaveto balanceslstem costs
againstenergysavingsachieved.

1,9

Chapterl0

I0-136
Tdryr,= 95oC- 368K
ho=

Tairinlet- l0oc

A_ (l .ol32xlo5x34)
= Q.544kg/sec
RT (60X287X368)
10"c
l
t

^2.oc

llll,o

,lllllo

(J - 30

AZLiTA= AI"i, g

95"C
ChooseLT^, = 50oC
=2'7,340W
q- ircrLT - (0.5MX1005X50)
Sinceheatpipe tempremainsconstant,air is rnin fluid

s t r - p == = 4 0 =
-g
95-Te

s=

Te-10

40 = 0 . 9 4 - l - e - N
42.5

4.. 105
Tp=;=52.5oC

N - 2.833=

UA

C*in

(2.833X0.544X1005)
-

5 1 . 6^ 2
30
.34)= $2.321ht
Costsavingswith electricity= (0.0S5X27
A-

cosr savingswirh gas- (27,340x3600)($9'00\

[iffi )=$0'886/hr

If operated l2hrlday,365 days/yr

= $l0,l6llyr
savings(elec)=(2.32)(12X365)
= $388{yr
savings(gas)= (0.SS6X12)(365)
10-r43
Installationof the pipesin the groundcan be either in a vertical or horizontal
configuration,which will influencethe conductionshapefactor betweenth9 nine
andsoil. (Chapter3) Actual installationconditionsdependstronglyon the locale.
dueto
Both casesmight be examined.For the calculationsthe thermalresistance
the water sideheattransfercoefficientcan probablybe neglectedin comparisonto
the resistanceof the prpeandconductionresistanceto the soil.

4rs