International Conference on Informatics

for Development

2011 (!CID 2011)

Subsidized Fuel Consumption Monitoring System

. Mujio,~~
,r-

Anis Cherid
Science,

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Infonnatic Department, Facult~omputer University ofMercu Buana, Jakarta, Indonesia mujiono.sadikin@gmail.com

Informatic Department, Faculty of Computer SGiei1G~:~'~~j University ofMercu Buana, . Jakarta, Indonesia cheridanis@gmail.com

bst t - Subsidized fuel is one of the major subsidized components in the yearly Indonesian government spending. It is important to make sure that the targeted consumers are the ones who are using this fuel. The first step to achieve this goal is collecting data about who consumes this fuel. This paper describes the development of a device prototype that integrates smart card, EDC terminal, and microcontroller, to identify vehicles that consume subsidized fuels. We integrate and connect the device prototype with other infrastructure, such as personal computer server, gas station dispenser, and data communication line. As a whole, the system prototype will help decision maker to assist them in planning, monitoring, and controlling subsidized fuel allocation and consumption by providing accurate fuel consumption data. "Ye use system development method introduced by Burstein and Gregor Ill. The research shows that the system prototype can assist in capturing vehicle's identities and its subsidized fuel transaction. With some modifications and improvements, this system prototype can assist in monitoring subsidized fuel consumption, planning its allocation, and controlling its consumption. . s onito g te , ubsidi d l, Dispense , G s on el C ,

used and operated. This research is meant to build a device prototype to capture data and monitor the profile of subsidized fuel consumptions. The device prototype is then integrated with specific software and hardware infrastucture such as EDC (Electronic Data Capturing) Terminal, Smart 'Card, microcontroller, and Personal Computer server to capture vehicle data and their transactions of subsidized fuel in selected gas station. . le te ent

EDC

1. .

INTRODUCTION

Fuel subsidized is one of major subsidized components in Indonesian Government Yearly Budget (APBN). The value of this component always increases from year to year according to the increase of world crude oil prices. It is a common phenomenon that the actual subsidized fuel is always more than its budgeted account. Unfortunately, there are indications that many of the consumptions are done by sectors which are prohibited to use the fuel. The Minister of Finance stated in "detik.com" on November 25, 20 I0 that there are 475 thousands liters of subsidized fuel was smuggled over the sea to neighboring countries. Other indications are stated in "Harian Kompas" on May 24, 20 I I. The newspaper wrote that non-subsidized fuel consumption, such as e t and e , had decreased significantly in the early year of 2011. The decrease of non-subsidized fuel consumption was an indication that- 'the consumer had switched from nonsubsidized fuel to subsidized one. So far, none of the indications and assumptions of misallocation of subsidized fuel were supported by valid data and inform~tion. It is not known exactly whether the consumers of subsidized fuel are the targeted consumers or not. To capture data and information of subsidized fuels consumer profiles, certain mechanism and system has to be

In this research, we are trying to answer the following problems: 1. How to provide a system prototype that is able to monitor any vehicle which consume subsidized fuel for land transportation sector so it can be guaranteed that the land transportation sector subsidized fuel allocation is used by the right target 2. How to integrate somes devices/tools that consist of software and hardware such as Smart Card, EDC Terminal, microcontroller, and gas station dispenser to build a fuel consumption monitoring system. 3. How to design and develop a Smart Card system that can be used to store and identify vehicle data and its consumption as a preparation mechanism to anticipate the implementation of consumption quota limitation. 4. How to consolidate vehicle data profile in Smart Card system and fuel transaction data in gas station dispenser become vehicle fuel consumption data transaction. . How to implement data communication model to facilitate the transmission of transaction data from dispenser area to PC Server in office area, which is allowed by the standard and regulation of gas station operation. . e cope

This scope of this research is limited to: 1. This system will only handle subsidized fuel consumption in land transportation sector. 2. Microcontroller and dispenser system are as black boxes for this system prototype. The system prototype . <:Js only concerned with data transmission by both of the subsystems.

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3.

The usage of this ystem prototype is only limited to one gas station dispen er at one time and is not integrated yet for two or more gas stations. ene its
1>

C.

.~

The main purpose of tH s 'research are described as follows: To (ievelop a system prototype and mechanism to capture' consumer' and subsidized fuel consumed III land transportation sector. To develop a device prototype which will be able to assist in monitoring and controlling subs{dized fuel consumption. \ To develop a system prototype which will be possible to be improved so it can be used to assist in decision making of planning, evaluating, and controlling subsidized fuel allocation. Benefits that can be achieved trough this research are: Availability of a system prototype that can be used as a basic system to improve a monitoring and controlling system of subsidized fuel consumption and consumer profiles. Availabilty of valid data and information related subsidized fuel consumer and consumption that can be used to support decision making process.

provide specific information that is needed to support subsidized fuel management purposes. There are some technology infrastructures that can be. used to record, capture, and manipulate both vehicle data and fuels consumption data. Some of the devices.jare EDC (Electronic Data Capturing) Terminal, Smart Cai'~.'B~~ode and Bar Code Reader, Industrial PC, and Mic:Cif C'oift?f5;f~ EDC and Bar Code reader are can be used to capture data that was stored in Smart Card and bar code sticker.281 Industrial PC and Microcontroller can be used to capture the data ' attributes of fuel consumed. In this research it is described the usage of Smart Card, EDC Terminal and Microcontroller to develop the system prototype. III.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

n.

PROBLEM

ANAL YSYS

SO far the.methodology which is used to plan subsidized fuel allocaton in land transportation sector is only based on percentage increase prediction of last year consumption. This basic method is taken because Indonesia Government has not had valid' and detailed data of the fuel consumption. This prediction is not accurate because the last year consumption cannot be guaranteed to be real consumption for land transportation sector. In reality, almost all vehicles (fuel consumers) data has been recorded and identified. The data is good enough to become a basic input for a particular system that can be used to support decision making in planning, allocating, and monitoring subsidized fuel consumption. The vehicles data that is recorded on Vehicle Number ldehtity (Surat Tanda is ready to be used to identify the Nomor KendaraanlSTNK) type of vehicles, function.Tcylinder capacity, or production year. These identities can be used as basic data in planning and allocation of fu~4 consumption for land transportation sector. At the same time, almost all of dispensers in gas stations had ?~ready operated digital equipment for their nozzle or dispenser infrastructures. The digital capability of the device, make it possible to integrate the device with the vehicles lata in STNK and fuel transaction data from dispenser's gas station to provide valid fuel and vehicle" transactien .data. Combined with tailor-made' application software- ailS data communication infrastructure, it possible to

Some frameworks and methodologies can be used in system development research. The compatibility of methodology being used depends on its environments, organization, or event technology availabilities. This research uses frameworks and methodology that introduced by Burstein and Gregor [I]. This methodology is considered compatible with the research project characteristics that must consider practical requirement, implementation environment conditions, and availability of technology in industries. The methodology is summarized in Figure 1. Burstein and Gregor [1] proposed that any output of research action is always correlated to knowledge development or knowledge invention of the system, while at the same time, it can be usedj to modify the system. The process of actions and reactions continues iteratively. For analysis and design purposes, this research uses UMLmodel explained by Alan Dennis et a!. [6]

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Figure I System Development

Methodology

IV.

TECHNOLOGICAL

ASPECTS

Smart card, also known as chip card or integrated circuits card (ICC), is as a wallet-sized card with electronic circuits within it. There are two kinds of ICCs, memory card and microprocessor card. Memory card consists of only non'v\?lq,file memory storage and sometimes there is securi .. system within it. Microprocessor card consists of memory and microprocessor component [2]. Smart card is also known as a credit-card-sized microprocessor with various properties

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International Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (ICIO 2011)

as tamper resistant, secure crypto-processor, secure file system, and other features that can be understand by nontechnical person. It also provides security services (secret information in its memory). A smart card-Iooks like it car~ but it has some computing abiliaes. Smart car . 'ifferent with a common magnetic strip card, when it comes to data storing and processing. A Smart Card may has the capability to store data, processing it, to manage file, to calculate data, and to execute encryption algonthm. C ion ec

v.
Conside tion

ALYSIS ANODESIGIN

Const

nt

Smart Card has the capability to communicate with a reader or receiver device with two modalities, which are [2]: Cont c . Connection are provided when a reader make physical contact with a gold like chip with inch diameter located in front of the card. Connection is also can be provided between card reader and a magnetic strip in the back of card. When a card is swiped or contact with a Smart Card reader, the connection with card reader electrical connector will caused data transfer from chips to card reader and vise versa. ctless s c . Communication is made through-antenna. This communication modality will decrease processing time in card reading / writing. Contactless card can be used for any applications that is not practical to swipe or contact to read or for any application which speed is a major constraint. In this research, Contactless Smart Card is used. Speed operation, limited time constraint, and efficiency are the main constraints of any operating system in Gas Station area. C. EDC I

The smart card and the EDC terminal 'operate in gas stations. The stations certainly have specified' st~aq;!~d procedure regarding safety and or security. To be41~a~t;iM~At~t the behavior of users in the gas stations, the process of using' the smart card has to be done as quickly as possible and there should be no perceived additional workload for the dispenser operator. The use of smart card must also be done in ease. Based on those considerations, the data attributes, which will be read from the smart card by the EDC terminal, must be as simple as possible. It is also assumed that all of the vehicles data are already in digital format. Therefore, there is no need to entry those data manually into the system. The data source is formal institutions or authorities, in this case is SAMSA T. Consumers of subsidized fuels also include motorcycle owners who typically do transactions quickly. The additional operation of using the EDC terminal must consume as little time as possible. The additional operation can be allowed if it does not disturb the dispenser operator workload significantly, especially the workload of the motorcycle dispenser operator. In accordance to gas station standard and procedure in safety and security, it is not allowed to operate any electronic device which produces any electromagnetic signal. In accordance to this standard, it is not allowed to operate wireless devices as data communication medium. Operation time of a gas station is 12 hours a day at minimum and many gas stations operate up to 24 hours a day. Therefore, any device that is used to serve this operation, including the EDC Terminal, must conform to the workload. The EDC terminal being used must be qualified as good quality device conceming its endurance without any decrease in performances. . t - EDC e Op tion ion

EDC (Electronic Data Capture) Terminal is an electronic device that is usually used in business sector to process purchasing or payment transaction with credit card or debit card. EDC terminal is typically operated with or combined with other devices such: computers, bar code reader, optical scanner, and magnetic cards readers. Users operate those devices by swiping or contacting credit or debit card and the data directly transferred to pojnt of sales application. Some EDC terminals capture and store buyer data to be processed in central computer. The main functions of an EDC terminal are: To read card data To displaythis card data or other information related such creditbalance or debit balance To transmit those data to data management computer serves-

Every vehicle user (driver) who will do transaction in a gas station to use subsidized fuel has to bring a smart card. The smart card contains his or her vehicle identity data. The dispenser operator takes the card and touches it to the EDC terminal as card reader. The EDC terminal reads this data and displays it in the device display. After the operator has finished filling the vehicle fuel tank with subsidized fuel, the dispenser sends this fuel data such as the kind of fuel, the fuel volume, and the date and time of transaction to the personal computer (PC). The PC then sends the data back to the EDC terminal that is ready to receive those data. The EDC terminal displays the vehicle data and the purchased fuel data. The dispenser operator confirms the pair of data and finally the EDC terminal sends the transaction data to the PC, which will manipulate and manage them to build any needed reports. Based on the narrative requirement, consideration, and ~ constraint described before, infrastructure configuration of this sy~te1n~rototype is depicted in Figure 2.

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Intfernational Conference on Informatics for Development 2011 (lCID 201i)

D.
EDC SmartCard

Di

There are four main classes in the system. Vehicle Data, Fuel, and Transaction are stored and managed in PC, while Police No is stored in Smart Card subsystem.
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Figure 2 Infrastructure

Configuration

C.

Use

Figure 3 depicts the Use Case Diagram of the narrative process stated before. System actors consist of: 1. Actor : Dispenser Operators Type : User Association : To use the system 2. Actor :Gas station computer administrator Type : User Association : To use the system 3. Actor : Actor Dispenser type : External System Association : sends subsidized fuel data
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figure 4 Class Diagram

E. Activity Figure 5. diagram of the system op-ration is depicted

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Figure 3 Use Case Diagram Figure 5 Activity Diagram

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ional Conference on Informatics ntern at

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2011 (IClD 2011)

VI.
r;

IMPLEMENTATITN

AND ITS OUTPUT

ANALYSIS

e Design

e e

ion

eci c

. The system architecture diagram is provided based on ;onsideration and constraint desw,b,e:p before. The design is ilso based on thli result of slt.ervatlcfn and previous 'elated research in this area. The system infrastructure can be jescribed as follow: l. The EDC terminal that is used to read v.ehicles data from smart card is using c ctless communication mode. We make this decision to speed up card reading processes. ~. We choose UTP cable communication media and TCPIIP communication protocol. We make this decision to minimize the electromagnetic interference that might be resulted from a wireless communication media and protocol.

We have implemented the system prototype with the below mentioned specification. ;K'ef "-';~.>I. The specifications of the smart card that is usedlo ~t9.L9i;~~~" vehicles data are: ',m,;': Phillips Mifare RFID 4 KB EPROM Chips: Phillips Mifarel S50 - S70 Frequency: 13.56MHz Reading distance: 2.5-10cm Response Speed: 1-2 ms Dimension: 87 * 54/as * 85,5 Standard IS014443A Processor: 32-bits microprocessor The specifications of the EDC terminal device (Castle V7000) are: Processor: 32-bits microprocessor Memory: 4 Mbytes of Flash, 1 M Byte of SRAM (expandable to 8 Mbytes of Flash, 2 Mbytes of SRAM) Display: 128x64 graphic LCD with backlight Smart Card Reader: ISO 78161-2-3, EMV 2000 Level 1 4.0 certified Contactless Card Reader: Built-in contactless reader, Mifare standards reader, support ISO 14443 Type AlB (optional) Communication: Ethernet: 101100 Ethernet The specifications of the personal computer are: Processor lntel Pentium IV 2,4 GHz Memory 2 GB HD 320 GB TCP/IP Ethernet 101100 The specifications of the software platform are: Operating System: MicrosoftWindows XP DBMS: MySQL for Windows.

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Figure 6 Architecture

Diagram

G. Deplo

ent

The main components of this system prototype are stored in two nodes, which are the EDC terminal and the personal computer server (PC). Some of those components are interacting within the system and there is an interaction with 3I1 external systernIgas station dispenser). Figure 7 depicts the deployment diagram.
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One of the implementation results samples in EDC terminal display is depicted in Figure 8. The figure shows the display of the terminal after a smart card contacts the EDC terminal. The EDC terminal is displaying a vehicle data and is still waiting for fuel transaction data.

Figure 7 Deployment

Diagram

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International

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for several long hours in several working days. Prelil1liria investigation for this problem concludes that the EDC tenn7 being used is not designed for outdoor operation.

REFERENCES

[I].

Figure 8 Ouput Result on EDC Castle V 7000 EDC Terminal

Soon after the EDC module receives subsidized fuel transaction data, the dispenser operator will give confirmation so the terminal sends the vehicle and fuel transaction data to PC through the UTP cable. Figure 9 shows the screen capture of transactions data in a PC that is located in the office area of the gas station.

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Nunarnaker, J., Chen and M., Purdin, T., "Systems development in information systems research", Joumal of Management InfOImation Systems, Vo!. 7, 1991 [2]. Erik-Jan Monshouwer, Raul Valverde, "Architecture For integration Point Of Sale Terminals With Financial Institutions Through Web Services", University Of Liverpool, Concordia University, 2005 [3]. Mujiono, Identification and Management of Vehicles Data which consumpted subsidized fuel, FIFa Fasilkom UMB, 20 11; ujiono. Identi si D n engelol n D e n e oto engg di ed el e subsidi Den n C d, s ,2011 . [4]. ... 1999, "SMART CARD USAGE in Motor Vehicle Administration:" http://www.aamva.orgINRlrdonlyres/5A03573C-04B8-46D7-BFEE.: E21 001 A6ADCAlO/stdSmart CardFina!.pdt~ 25 Januari 20 I I " [5]. "How a Smart Card Reader Work?s, http://www.tech-fag.comjsmall~ . card-reader.html, 25 Januari 20 I I [6]. Alan Denis, Barbara Haley, David Tegarden, 2005, "System Analysis. & Design with UML Version 2.0", John Wiley & Sons Inc. [7]. Nadia Alfitri, 2008, "Rekam Medis To use Smart Card'i.Jumal Percikan Vo12, Politeknik Negeri Padang [8]. Lipman Electronic Engineering LTD, 2011, "Nurit 7000 Pos Tennina'J '0 Product Specification", Lipman USA [9]. Castles Technology Co 20 I I ,"Castle V 7000 Product Data Sheer", Castel Tech. Taiwan. .;., [10]. Indonesia Government, 2005. "Ministery of Energy and M in~r~ of Resources No. 44, 2005 About The Management and Distribution Subsidized Fuels", Ministery Secretary General, Jalakarta. e h I, 2005. e tu n nte Ene gi d n be e l o. 44 hun 2005 e g en elen n 4~ I endis ibusi enis e tentu . et t ende l DESD/i:t

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Figure 9 Screen Capture of Implementation Managament

Results for Transaction

[11]. Indonesia Government, 2005. "Regulation of Oil anel Gas downstrea about The Regulationarjd regulatory body No. 07/P/BPHMigas/IXJ2005 Monitoring in Supplying and distributing of fuels". BPH Migas, Jaklirti!. e e nt h I. 2005. e u d n eng tu Hili Minyak G s u i o 071 I l I2005 ent ng eng u n Don n e n Don endist ibusi h n 1in l , H ig . t .
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The system prototype has been tested ill some gas stations in Batam Island, Indonesia. The system runs well enough in serving transaction for cars. The time interval between one car transaction and the next car transaction is long enough for the data communication bet\yeen the dispensers - PC - EDC Terminals - Pc. Nevertheless, for motorcycle transactions, the interval is very short. It is reported that there are many cases of uncompleted tfata communications for motorcycle transactions. As stated before in constraint and consideration section, any F~dditional system and procedures to the gas station operation is not allowed to disturb its service to the custome~: The current results suggest an improvement to the system "design and implementation, so it can handle the motorc~Cle transaction better. In ~Cu.?rgas stations that operate 24 hours a day, it is found that the EDC terminal is not working properly. Some of the EDC terminals cannot start up its system well after operates
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