Pengantar
Pokok Bahasan: I. Kedudukan Planning & Control dalam Keputusan Operasional II. Manufacturing Strategy III. Konflik Sistem Produksi IV. Definisi PPIC V. Peranan PPIC dalam Supply Chain VI. MRP, MRP II, ERP & Beyond ERP VII. Demo PPIC Game
Departemen Teknik Industri UI Depok Kuliah Perencanaan & Pengendalian Produksi 2008 Kuliah 1: Intro Rabu, 3 Sep 2008, Reg-S1
Corporate Strategy
Finance Strategy
Operations Strategy
Marketing Strategy
Operations Management
Plants
Parts
Processes
Production System
Engineering
Human Resources
Information Systems
Finance
Manufacturing
Quality
Manufacturing Engineering
Production
Materials Management
Industrial Engineering
E N G I N E E R I N G
M A R K E T I N G
S A L E S
P R O D U C T I O N
F I N A N C E
Q U A L I T Y
Strategy
Lead time
Inventory Manufacture Assemble Ship 2. Make-to-Order (MTO) 3. Assemble-to-Order (ATO) 4. Make-to-Stock (MTS)
Lead time
Manufacture Inventory Assemble Ship
Lead time
Manufacture Assemble Inventory Ship
Lead Time
A span of time required to perform a process
APICS Dictionary
Delivery lead time The time from the receipt of a customer order to the delivery of the product
APICS Dictionary
Cumulative lead time The longest planned length of time to accomplish the activity in question
APICS Dictionary
Operations
Finance
Reduce Increase profit and manufacturing cost cash flow, reduce investment
1
Customer service
2
Production efficiency
3
Inventory investment
Membuat perencanaan & pengendalian produksi, merancang aliran kerja (workflow) organisasi mulai bahan baku sampai barang jadi, menyusun jadwal sumberdaya dan mengeksekusinya, sehingga dapat memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi customer, serta meminimumkan biaya produksi keseluruhan.
Tujuan PPIC: 1. Memberikan pelayanan yang terbaik bagi customer 2. Mengeluarkan biaya produksi yang terendah 3. Mengeluarkan biaya persediaan yang terendah 4. Mengeluarkan biaya distribusi yang terendah. Profit = Revenue - Expense
Tugas-Tugas PPIC: 1. Perencanaan - Membuat rencana produksi, menyusun dan menetapkan urutan produksi, input material, alat dan mesin, serta pekerja. 2. Perancangan aliran kerja (workflow) organisasi. 3. Penjadwalan - Mempersiapkan order produksi dan jadwalnya (timetables). 4. Pengendalian Memberikan otorisasi untuk memulai kegiatan produksi, memonitor, menindak lanjuti, dan menjaga rencana dilaksanakan.
PLANNING Manufacturing
Marketing/ Plan Finance
Sales Plan
Plan
Forecasts
Production Plan
Long-Range
Firm Orders
BOM
Planning Data
Medium Range
EXECUTION OF PLAN
Production Activity 22 Control
Purchasing
23 24
I/O Line Balance JIT
Capacity
Shor Range t
FINAL ASSEMBLY
CUSTOMER
Product 10
Production Planning & Control Planning 3 Prepare: Mtrl requisitions Bill of Mtrls Route Sheet Blueprints Specifications Move tickets Mtrls releases Material control Mtrl Status report Scheduling & dispatching Cpltd work & pchased cmpnnts to final assy
Inspection Completed components to storage Material to shop 8 Release job to Work shop center 1 9 Order for product 1
Work center 2
SALES
MANUFACTURER
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
C U S T O M E R
Physical Distribution
Dominant Flow of Products and Services Dominant Flow of Demand and Design Information
Supply Chain Management Mengelola supply chain tidak hanya membutuhkan pemahaman tentang jaringan supplier dan customer, tapi juga merencanakan material dan aliran informasi sepanjang supply chain sehingga dapat memaksimumkan efisiensi biaya, efektivitas, delivery dan flexibility.
Physical Supply/Distribution
Movement of goods from suppliers to the beginning of the production process and from the end of the production process to consumers Activities
PPIC & Supply Chain: Penjadwalan produksi dalam PPIC terintegrasi dengan supply chain: Demand forecasts mempengaruhi keseluruhan supply chain dan diperlukan oleh para suppliers. Demand berpengaruh pada kebutuhan pengadaan dan persediaan dalam supply chain. Keputusan yang terkait dengan lokasi pabrik sangat strategis dan mempengaruhi supply chain. Keputusan available-to-promise (ATP) untuk pengadaan material dan komponen yang dibutuhkan dapat dicek ke suppliers. Jadi, penjadwalan produksi atau PPIC terintegrasi dalam supply chain, bukan bereaksi terhadap supply chain.
Enterprise Resource Planning Manufacturing Eng. HR R&D Maintenance QC S&OP APS EDI Marketing Log/Dist Demand Mgt. Strategy DSS Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II) Inventory CRP Purchasing Accounting Customer Service Order Entry Forecasting Material Requirements Planning (MRP)
PAC MPS