1. Define what do you mean by A MNIMAL PAIR!

Definition

A minimal pair is two words that differ in only one sound.

Examples (English)

Sounds which differ: /p/ and /b/

[lQp] ‘lap’
[lQb] ‘lab’
Examples (Cashinahua, Peru/Brazil)

Sounds which differ: /t/ and /d/

[taka] 'liver'
[daka] 'to rest'

2. Give one example of minimal pair containing the following phonemes:

Initial Position Medial Position Final Position

/k/-/g/:
/m/-/n/:
/s/-/z/:

3. Define what do you mean by ALLOPHONES!

Definition

An allophone is a phonetic variant of a phoneme in a particular language.

Examples (English)
[p] and [pH] are allophones of the phoneme /p/.
[t] and [tH] are allophones of the phoneme /t/.
Examples (Spanish)
[b] and [B] are allophones of the phoneme /b/.
[d] and [D] are allophones of the phoneme /d/.

4. Give two examples of ALLOPHONES of English phonemes