Science Revision Unit 6.2 and 6.

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6.2) The particle theory

The random movement of the tiny particles in liquid or gas is

called Brownian motion. This motion is caused by liquid or gas
particles hitting the tiny particles at all sides.

The particle theory can be summarized in five statements:

a) All matter is made up of particles.
b) Different substances are made up of different particles.
c) The particles are tiny.
d) The particles are moving or vibrating all the time.
e) There are spaces between particles.

All matter is made up of hundred kinds of atoms.

6.4) Gas pressure

Gas pressure is produced by gas particles hitting on the walls of
the container.

Gas pressure can be increased by

a) Increasing the speed of gas particles
b) Increasing the number of gas particles.
c) Decreasing the space in which the gas particles can move about.

A Bourdon gauge measure gas pressure. The unit of pressure is

Pascal or Pa.

There is a layer of air surrounding the earth. The pressure it

produces is called atmospheric pressure.