:
Linux Unix
Unix Windows
:
System Outline: Unix
History and Standards:
OS Comparision:
Components:
Hardware Requirements: CPU Arch
Process Essentials: fork
From Unix/DOS to Linux: Linux
Advanced Topics:
: 1 hr
1
System Skeleton
( kernel Operating System)
()
: CPU, memory, basic I/O, root filesystem
: other filesystems (ISO 9660, NTFS), drivers (net card, sound card)
Socket, TCP/IP
/boot -- C Shell (csh), TC Shell (tcsh)
ssdd
Run Levels
RHS runlevel
0 - halt
1 - Single user mode
2 - Multiuser, without NFS
3 - Full multiuser mode
4 - unused
5 - X11
6 - reboot
()
: CPU, memory, basic I/O, root filesystem
: other filesystems (ISO 9660, NTFS), drivers (net card, sound card)
System Outline
History
AT&T
A: C: / /mnt
\ /
BSD
Bill Joy
CSRG: Kirk Muckusky
/boot -- C Shell (csh), TC Shell (tcsh)
/proc -- Linux bash
Standards
DOS/Windows
A: C: / /mnt
\ /
/bin -- Bourne Shell (sh), K Shell (ksh), Bourne Agagin Shell (bash)
/sbin -- system binary
/boot -- C Shell (csh), TC Shell (tcsh)
/proc -- Linux bash
Filesystem Outline
A: C: / /mnt
\ /
:
/bin -- Bourne Shell (sh), K Shell (ksh), Bourne Agagin Shell (bash)
/sbin -- system binary
/boot -- C Shell (csh), TC Shell (tcsh)
/proc -- Linux bash
Files
Unix
Regular Files:
Directory Files:
FIFO Files:
Link Files:
Device Files
DOS/Windows :
/dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy / /mnt
\ /
/dev/null
/dev/zero
d
/dev/stdin
/dev/stdout
/dev/stderr
10
11
cd
cd $HOME
cd ~
cd ~username
ex$ cd Tab
ex$ ls /etc/X [tab]
ex$ ls /etc/X11/X [tab]
12
Command Execution
: Shell
:
:
13
filter
man/manpage
manual
14
15
Directory
. ..
selfparent
16
Unix vs Linux
Unix
POSIX
Linux
Linux ix86 PC
GNU gccbash
glibcgtkqt
GNOMEKDEOpenOfficeKOffice
ApacheSambaSendmailBindSquid
Zope Linux
17
Freenix
Linux
FreeBSD
OpenBSD
NetBSD
Hurd
Solaris
BeOS
d
d
18
ls --color
prompt
etc
TeX*Office
19
Linux
Linux
Mandrake Linux
Debian Linux
20
system-wide user-specific
/etc
.dot_file
21
cd, pwd
Shell
/bin/sh /bin/bash
Login Shell
Shell
$SHELL
exit/logout
exit SubShell/LoginShell
Login Shell logout
22
Linux Standard
Linux Standard Base
http://www.linuxbase.org/
Free Standards Group
http://www.freestandards.org/
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
http://www.pathname.com/fhs/
Desktop Environment
http://www.freedesktop.org/
Package Management
http://www.rpm.org/
Debian Policy Manual
http://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/
API for Embedded System
http://sources.redhat.com/elix/
Linux Internationalisation Initiative
http://www.li18nux.net/
23
Advanced Topics
bashish: theme engine for the console
http://bashish.sourceforge.net/
man/info page:
S
:
bash Basic: shell
Command-Line Editing: emacs readline
Environment Customization:
Input/Output: redirection
Basic Shell Programming:
Process Handling: Process ID Job Number
Advanced Topics: shell
: 3 hr
24