Coordination is the adjustment of our bodys responses towards any stimuli that involve several parts of body.

Coordination involves the adjustment of organs, limbs and body system There are two types of body coordination i.e nervous coordination and hormonal coordination

Contains nerves that connect the spinal cord to internal organs and glands

The centre of coordination in humans

Consists of cranial nerves and spinal nerves that control voluntary actions

Consist of the autonomic nervous system and the somatic nervous system

Human nervous system Central nervous system brain Spinal cord Peripheral nervous system Somatic nervous system (controlled) Autonomic nervous system (not controlled)

Cranial nerves

Spinal nerves

 The neurone is the basic unit of the nervous system. Its function is to carry nerve impulses A receptor is a cell in the sensory organ that identifies stimuli due to changes in the surroundings An effector is an organ that responds towards the received stimuli

Cell body
nucleus

axon

Node of ranvier

cytoplasm

dendron dendrite

myelin sheath

Nerve ending

 Reflex action is the automatic quick body response towards external stimuli that occurs without brain control Reflex action is controlled by the spinal cord and this action protects us from danger or injury Receptors are sensory cells in the skin whereas effectors are limb muscles.

 A proprioceptor can act as sensory organ because of its sensitivity to muscle contraction Kinaesthetic sensory receptors are found in the muscles, joints, ligaments and tendons Kinaesthetic sense enables us to be aware of the position of our body to maintain balance and also to enables us to detect body movements

Voluntary action o- type of action that is controlled by desires Involuntary actions o- controlled by the medulla oblongata

 Alcohol affects the nervous system by hindering the efficiency of its function and coordination The response time of a drunkard during emergencies is longer Alcohol can interfere with the cerebrum and slow down its impulse transmissions Alcohol can damage liver cells, decrease bile production and cause liver cirrhosis and hepatitis