INFLAMATION
ACUTE INFLAMATION
GROSS : - REDNESS ( RUBOR ) - HEAT ( CALOR ) - SWELLING ( TUMOR ) - PAIN ( DOLOR ) - LOSS OF FUNCT. (FUNCTIO LAESA)
ACUTE INFLAMATION
HYPERAEMIA
MICRO-VASCULAR CHANGES LEWISS TRIPLE RESPONSE : - FLUSH, - FLARE, - WEAL STROKE WHITE LINE (VS.CONTR) FLUSH DULL RED LINE (CAP.DIL) FLARE BRIGHT RED (ART.DIL)
EXUDATION
PROT FLUID INTERSTIAL - WEAL FLUID INCR. DILUTION OF TOXIN PROTEIN INCR : - GLOBULIN ANTIBODIES - FIBRIN TO LIMIT SPREAD (BACT) WOUND HEALING
EXUDION (MECHANISM)
EXUDION (MECHANISM)
FLUID MOVEMENT : - HYPERAEMIA CAP. B.P. INCR. INCR.FILTR.PRESSURE. -LOSS OF PROTEIN (CAP) DECR.PLM.OSMOTIC PRSS INCR.FILTR.PRSS. -TISSUE PROTEIN INCR. INCR.TISS.OSM.PRSS. INCR.FILTR.PRSS. -INCR.FILTR.PRSS. OEDEMAINCR. LYMPH FLOW FROM AREA.
EMIGRATION OF LEUCO.
PMN & MN PASS (AMOEBOID) NORMAL AXIAL STREAM(VENULE) ACUTE INFL: EXUD.FLD INCR.VISC. SLOWING FLW AXIAL STR (-) MARGINATION (PMN) EMIGR/PMN & DIAPEDESIS OF RED CELLS.
ACUTE INFLAMATION
PHAGOCYTOSIS : - PMN/MACROPHAGE INGEST (DEB BRIS AND FOREIGN PARTICLE). INFLUENCE FCT : - OPSONIN - COMPLEMENT - PHYSIC OF CELL.ENVIRONMENT.
SQ OF ACUTE INFLAMATION
ACUTE INFL : RESOLUTION SUPURATION ( discharge of pus) REPAIR & ORGANIZATION fibrosis CHRONIC INFL
RESOLUTION
TO NORMAL CONDITION. POTENTIAL CONDITION : * MINIMAL LESION * RAPID ELIMINATION * LOCAL CONDITION EXAMPLE RESOLUTION OF LOBAR PNEOMONIA.
SUPPURATION
FORMATION PUS ABSCESS PYOGENIC INFECTION : COCCI COMPOSITION : - SUPERNATAN PROTEIN FLUID - DEPOSIT PMN, BACTERIA, FRAG MENTS CELL
EVOLUTION ABSCESS
TISSUE DAMAGE (BACTERIA) INFLAMATION (EDEMA, HYPEREMIA) BACT. MULTIPLY, PMN (CENTRAL) PUS (+) EPID. (THIN) RUPTURE CAV.COLLAP ORG & FIBROSIS FINAL SMALL SCAR.
EVOLUTION ABSCESS
DEEP ABSCESS : SINUS (CHR.INFC) LOCALISED PUS : - SMALL ABSORB. SCAR - LARGE COLLECTED SUROUND (FIBROUS) CALCIUM SALT.
INFLAMATION CELLS
NEUTROPHIL / POLYMORPHONUCL LEUCOCYTE (PMN) LYMPHOCYTE EOSINOPHILS MONOCYTE MAST CELLS (BASOPHILS)
POLYMORPHONUCLEAR
FROM BONE MARROW LIFE SPAN 2 3 DAYS FUNCTION : - PHAGOCYTOSIS - KILLING MO NORMAL COUNT : 3.000 7.500/MM3 INFECTION > 10.000/MM3
LYMPHOCYTES
FROM LYMPHOID NODE PROD. ANTIBODIES & CELLULAR COMPONENT IMMUN RESPONSE COUNT : 1,500 3.500 / MM3 VIRAL INFECT. & CHRONIC BACT.INF LYMPHOSITOSIS B. LYMPHOCYTE PLASMA CELLS Ig
EOSINIPHILS
DERIVED FROM BONE MARROW NORMAL 1 4 % EOSINOPHILIA : - HELMINT INFECT. - PARASITES - ALLERGIC ASTHMA
MONOCYTES
TOTAL WHITE CELLS : 4 7 % AS MACROPHAGE, LOCAL INFLAMATION REACTION NCREASED :-CHR.BACT.INFECT(TB) - PROTOZOAL(MALARIA) EPITHELOID CELLS MACROPHGE FUSION GIANT CELLS
MAST CELLS
BASOPHILS < 1 % SCATTERED CONN.TISSUE DERIVED FROM BONE MARROW CONTAIN : - HISTAMINE - HEPARINE - ENZYMES REALEASED BY CHEMICAL FACTOR (INFLAMATORY REACTION)
INFECTION MECHANISM
TOXIN PRODUCTION : (EXO/ENDO) HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTION BLOOD STREAM : - BACTERAEMIA - SEPTICAEMIA - PYEMIA
BACTERIAL INFECTION
LOCAL INFL NON LC INF
BLOOD STREAM
BACTERIE MIA SEPTICAE MIA PYAEMIA
BACTERAEMIA
COMMONLY NO SERIOUS INTEGRAL PART OF SOME INFECTION TYPHOID FEVER DENTAL EXTRACTION BACTERAEMIA B.ENDOCARDITIS / SEPTICAEMIA
SEPTICAEMIA
VERY SERIOUS CONDITION TOXAEMIA AND SHOCK FORM : - PRIMARY - COMPLICATE - IMMUNE DECREASED
PYAEMIA
SEVERE CONDITION (+ TOXAEMIA) SMALL AGGREGATE MICR.EMBLM FORM : - PYAEMIC ABSCESSES - SEPTIC INFARCTION
PYAEMIC ABSCESS
SEPTIC FOCUS ( STAPH ) THROMBOSIS OF VENULES MICROEMBOLI MULTIPLE ABSCESS (VARIOUS ORGANS) - CEREBRAL CORTEX, MYOCARDIUM, LUNGS, RENAL CORTEX.
SEPTIC INFARCTION
LARGE SEPTIC THROMBOSIS - SUPP.VEIN THROMBOPHLEBITIS EMBOLISM INFARCTTION + SUP PURATION LUNG & LIVER. - ACUTE BACT.ENDOCARDITIS VE GETATION MITRAL VALVE VIA AR TERIAL BRAIN, KIDNEYS & SPLEEN
PYOGENIC BACTERIA
STAPH.A.(PHARYNX, NOSE, PERINEAL) COAGULASE + FIBRINE ABSCESS - SKIN PUS, BOILS, CARBUNCLE - WOUND STAPH.PNEUMONIA - BLOOD STREAM PYAEMIA
PYOGENIC BACTERIA
STREPT.PYOGENES PHARYNX HYALURONIDASE, STREPTOKINASE, LEUCOCIDIN. - SKIN IMPETIGO, ERISIPELAS, CEL LULITIS, LYMPHANGITIS. - WOUND TONSILITIS, PHARYNGITIS
PYOGENIC BACTERIA
MENINGOCOCCUS NASOPHARYNX PURULENT MENINGITIS (CHILD) FATAL SEPTICAEMIA. SKIN RASH & MASSIVE ADRENAL HEMORRHAGE (WATERHOUSE FREDERICHSEN SYNDROME)
PYOGENIC BACTERIA
GONOCOCCUS ( GENITAL M.MEMBR) PURULENT (URETHRA & CERVIX) ANT.URETHRITIS, PROSTATITIS, EPIDIDYMITIS (MALE) CERVICITIS, ACUTE SALPINGITIS ( FEMALE) STERIL