V NaOH (ml)

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22

pH
4.194
4.348
4.496
4.641
4.761
4.881
4.991
5.085
5.184
5.291
5.385
5.494
5.613
5.735
5.884
6.052
6.253
10.395
11.512
11.844
12.021
12.155
12.261

V'
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
10.5
11.5
12.5
13.5
14.5
15.5
16.5
17.5
18.5
19.5
20.5
21.5

ph/V'
0.154
0.148
0.145
0.12
0.12
0.11
0.094
0.099
0.107
0.094
0.109
0.119
0.122
0.149
0.168
0.201
4.142
1.117
0.332
0.177
0.134
0.106

V''

ph/V''

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

-0.006
-0.003
-0.025
0
-0.01
-0.016
0.005
0.008
-0.013
0.015
0.01
0.003
0.027
0.019
0.033
3.941
-3.025
-0.785
-0.155
-0.043
-0.028

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

Equivalence point:

4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5 0

Equivalence Point: 19, 4.142

Titration curve

Second Deriv
5
4
3
2
Titration curve

1
0
-1 0

-2
5

10

15

20

25

-3

30

-4

Equivalence point:

Equivalence point:

First Derivative Plot

First Derivative Plot

10

Equivalence Point: 19, 4.142

15

20

25

30

10

Second Derivative Plot

Second Derivative Plot

10

15

20

25

30

V NaOH (ml)
0
1
2
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
5.2
5.4
5.6
5.8
6
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
7
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
8
8.1
8.2
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.7
8.8
8.9
9
9.1
9.2
9.3

pH
4.234
4.332
4.496
4.615
4.683
4.747
4.786
4.861
4.89
4.91
4.93
4.94
4.961
4.981
5.01
5.021
5.025
5.037
5.041
5.055
5.06
5.07
5.085
5.084
5.102
5.116
5.117
5.131
5.134
5.154
5.157
5.167
5.172
5.186
5.201
5.204
5.216
5.22
5.23
5.25
5.26
5.27
5.29
5.3
5.31
5.32

V'
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.25
3.75
4.25
4.75
5.1
5.3
5.5
5.7
5.9
6.05
6.15
6.25
6.35
6.45
6.55
6.65
6.75
6.85
6.95
7.05
7.15
7.25
7.35
7.45
7.55
7.65
7.75
7.85
7.95
8.05
8.15
8.25
8.35
8.45
8.55
8.65
8.75
8.85
8.95
9.05
9.15
9.25

pH/V'
0.098
0.164
0.119
0.136
0.128
0.078
0.15
0.145
0.1
0.1
0.05
0.105
0.2
0.29
0.11
0.04
0.12
0.04
0.14
0.05
0.1
0.15
-0.01
0.18
0.14
0.01
0.14
0.03
0.2
0.03
0.1
0.05
0.14
0.15
0.03
0.12
0.04
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.1

V''

pH/V''

1
0.066
2
-0.045
2.875 0.022667
3.5
-0.016
4
-0.1
4.5
0.144
4.925 -0.01429
5.2
-0.225
5.4
-2E-14
5.6
-0.25
5.8
0.275
5.975 0.633333
6.1
0.9
6.2
-1.8
6.3
-0.7
6.4
0.8
6.5
-0.8
6.6
1
6.7
-0.9
6.8
0.5
6.9
0.5
7
-1.6
7.1
1.9
7.2
-0.4
7.3
-1.3
7.4
1.3
7.5
-1.1
7.6
1.7
7.7
-1.7
7.8
0.7
7.9
-0.5
8
0.9
8.1
0.1
8.2
-1.2
8.3
0.9
8.4
-0.8
8.5
0.6
8.6
1
8.7
-1
8.8
0
8.9
1
9
-1
9.1 1.78E-14
9.2 8.88E-14

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

10

20

Equivalence Point:

5
4.5
4
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
-0.5 0

20

Equivalence Point: (57, 4.299)

9.4
9.5
10.5
11.5
12.5
13.5
14.5
15.5
16.5
17.5
18.5
19.5
20.5

5.33
5.34
5.477
5.533
5.591
5.66
5.91
6.057
6.352
10.651
11.457
11.72
11.96

9.35
9.45
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

0.1
0.1
0.137
0.056
0.058
0.069
0.25
0.147
0.295
4.299
0.806
0.263
0.24

9.3 -8.9E-14
9.4
0
9.725 0.067273
10.5
-0.081
11.5
0.002
12.5
0.011
13.5
0.181
14.5
-0.103
15.5
0.148
16.5
4.004
17.5
-3.493
18.5
-0.543
19.5
-0.023

Titration Curve

Second Derivative
5
4
3
2
Titration Curve

1
0
-1 0
-2
-3

20

30

40

50

60

70

-4

Equivalence Point:

First Derivative Plot

First Derivative Plot

20

e Point: (57, 4.299)

40

60

80

20

40

Second Derivative Plot

Second Derivative Plot

40

60

80

V NaOH (ml)
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
11.5
12
12.5
13
13.2
13.4
13.6
13.8
14
14.1
14.2
14.3
14.4
14.5
14.6
14.7
14.8
14.9
15
15.1
15.2
15.3
15.4
15.5
15.6
15.7
15.8
15.9
16
16.1
16.2
16.3
16.4
16.5

pH
4.245
4.351
4.435
4.554
4.693
4.837
4.938
5.087
5.181
5.266
5.467
5.531
5.662
5.762
5.806
6.003
6.085
6.231
6.298
6.363
6.481
6.61
6.71
6.832
6.997
7.201
7.855
8.652
9.493
9.945
10.492
11.015
11.117
11.287
11.435
11.447
11.496
11.549
11.601
11.672
11.68
11.695
11.745
11.747
11.774
11.788

V'
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
4.5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
10.5
11.25
11.75
12.25
12.75
13.1
13.3
13.5
13.7
13.9
14.05
14.15
14.25
14.35
14.45
14.55
14.65
14.75
14.85
14.95
15.05
15.15
15.25
15.35
15.45
15.55
15.65
15.75
15.85
15.95
16.05
16.15
16.25
16.35
16.45

pH/V'
0.106
0.084
0.119
0.139
0.144
0.101
0.149
0.094
0.085
0.201
0.064
0.262
0.2
0.088
0.394
0.41
0.73
0.335
0.325
0.59
1.29
1
1.22
1.65
2.04
6.54
7.97
8.41
4.52
5.47
5.23
1.02
1.7
1.48
0.12
0.49
0.53
0.52
0.71
0.08
0.15
0.5
0.02
0.27
0.14

V''

pH/V''

1
-0.022
2
0.035
3
0.02
4
0.005
5
-0.043
6
0.048
7
-0.055
8
-0.009
9
0.116
10
-0.137
10.875
0.264
11.5
-0.124
12
-0.224
12.5
0.612
12.925 0.045714
13.2
1.6
13.4
-1.975
13.6
-0.05
13.8
1.325
13.975 4.666667
14.1
-2.9
14.2
2.2
14.3
4.3
14.4
3.9
14.5
45
14.6
14.3
14.7
4.4
14.8
-38.9
14.9
9.5
15
-2.4
15.1
-42.1
15.2
6.8
15.3
-2.2
15.4
-13.6
15.5
3.7
15.6
0.4
15.7
-0.1
15.8
1.9
15.9
-6.3
16
0.7
16.1
3.5
16.2
-4.8
16.3
2.5
16.4
-1.3

14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
0

20

Equivalence Point:

First Derivat
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-1 0

20

Equivalence Point: (30, 8.41)

16.6
16.7
16.8
16.9
17
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
17.8
17.9
18
18.2
18.4
18.6
18.8
19
19.5
20
20.5
21
22

11.816
11.822
11.846
11.867
11.883
11.905
11.917
11.978
11.984
11.986
11.991
12.001
12.035
12.031
12.045
12.051
12.081
12.131
12.114
12.126
12.144
12.217
12.221
12.251
12.365

16.55
16.65
16.75
16.85
16.95
17.05
17.15
17.25
17.35
17.45
17.55
17.65
17.75
17.85
17.95
18.1
18.3
18.5
18.7
18.9
19.25
19.75
20.25
20.75
21.5

0.28
0.06
0.24
0.21
0.16
0.22
0.12
0.61
0.06
0.02
0.05
0.1
0.34
-0.04
0.14
0.03
0.15
0.25
-0.085
0.06
0.036
0.146
0.008
0.06
0.114

16.5
16.6
16.7
16.8
16.9
17
17.1
17.2
17.3
17.4
17.5
17.6
17.7
17.8
17.9
18.025
18.2
18.4
18.6
18.8
19.075
19.5
20
20.5
21.125

1.4
-2.2
1.8
-0.3
-0.5
0.6
-1
4.9
-5.5
-0.4
0.3
0.5
2.4
-3.8
1.8
-0.73333
0.6
0.5
-1.675
0.725
-0.06857
0.22
-0.276
0.104
0.072

Second Derivative P

Titration Curve
50
40
30
20
10
Titration Curve

0
-10 0

20

-20
-30
-40
40

60

-50

80

Equivalence point:

First Derivative Plot

First Derivative Plot

40

e Point: (30, 8.41)

60

80

40

Second Derivative Plot

Second Derivative Plot

60

80

Trial
primary standard (g)
final volume NaOH (mL)
initial volume NaOH (mL)
net volume NaOH (mL)

1
0.1028
5.4
0
5.4

2
0.104
5.9
0
5.9

3
0.1029
11.4
5.4
6

sample analysis
trial
mass of sample (g)

1
0.5431

2
0.5532

3
0.57

primary standard used: KHP

%purity: 99.5