MATH 1009 TEST 3 - SOLUTIONS March 2011

1. [10 Marks] Find the derivative of the given functions:

[3] (a) )(r) = 2
5
+ r
3
.
[2] (b) p(r) = (ln r)
2
. r 0.
[5] (c) (r) =
(
3r
2
1 r
)
4
.
Solution:
(a) )

(r) = 2
2
ln 2 (5r)

+ (3)r
4
= (5 ln 2) 2
5
3r
4
.
(b) p

(r) = 2 ln r
1
r
=
2
r
ln r.
(c)

(r) = 4
(
3r
2
1 r
)
3

(
3r
2
1 r
)

= 4
(
3r
2
1 r
)
3

(
6r(1 r) 3r
2
(1)
(1 r)
2
)
=
= 4
(
3r
2
1 r
)
3

6r 3r
2
(1 r)
2
(
= 4
3
3
r
6
(1 r)
3

3r(2 r)
(1 r)
2
=
324r
7
(2 r)
(1 r)
5
)
2. [ 6 Marks] Use implicit dierentiation to nd
d
dr
:
r
2

3
+ 3r
2
= 2.
Solution:
Dierentiate both sides with respect to r:
2r
3
+ r
2
3
2

d
dr
+ 6r = 0.
Solve for
d
dr
:
d
dr
=
6r 2r
3
3r
2

2
.
3. [ 12 Marks] The quantity demanded each week r is related to the unit price j by the
demand equation
r = )(j) =

360 4j (0 < j < 90).

The elasticity of demand is given by the formula 1(j) =
j )

(j)
)(j)
.
1
[9] (a) Is the demand elastic or inelastic at j = 70? at j = 50?
[2] (b) For what price j is the demand unitary?
[1] (c) If the unit price is increased slightly from 70, will the revenue increase or decrease?
Solution:
(a) We compute
)

(j) =
(

360 4j
)

=
1
2

(

360 4j
)

1
2
(4) =
2

360 4j
.
Thus, 1(j) =
j )

(j)
)(j)
=
j
2

360 4j

360 4j
=
2j
360 4j
.
1(70) =
2 70
360 4 70
=
7
4
1. so the demand is elastic when j = 70.
1(50) =
2 50
360 4 50
=
100
160
< 1. so the demand is inelastic when j = 50.
(b) 1(j) =
j )

(j)
)(j)
=
2j
360 4j
= 1 when 2j = 3604j, so for j = 60 the demand is unitary.
(c) Since the demand is elastic when j = 70, the revenue will decrease if the unit price is
increased slightly from 70.
4. [ 12 Marks] Find and classify the critical numbers of the following functions:
(a)[5] )(r) = r
3
12r + 74. (b)[7] p(r) =
r
2
2r 4
.
Solution:
(a) )(r) is a polynomial function, so its domain is the set of all real numbers. The only source
of critical numbers is the condition )

(r) = 0.
)

(r) = 3r
2
12 = 3(r
2
4) = 2(r 2)(r + 2) = 0 when r = 2 or r = 2.
As )

(r) < 0 for 2 < r < 2 and )

(r) 0 otherwise, by the First Derivative Test, at r = 2

the function has a local maximum and at r = 2 - a local minimum.
(b) p(r) is a rational function, dened on the set of all real numbers for which 2r 4 = 0,
that is, r = 2.
p

(r) =
2r(2r 4) r
2
(2)
(2r 4)
2
=
2r
2
8r
(2r 4)
2
=
2r(r 4)
(2r 4)
2
.
The derivative p

(r) is not dened for r = 2. However, since r = 2 is not in the domain of p,

the number r = 2 is not a critical number of p.
p

(r) = 0 when r = 0 or r = 4.
As )

(r) < 0 for 0 < r < 4 and )

(r) 0 otherwise, by the First Derivative Test, at r = 0 the

function has a local maximum and at r = 4 - a local minimum.
2