Prognosis Many HSV infected people experience recurrence within the first year of infection.

Changes in the immune system during menstruation may play a role in HSV-1 reactivation. Concurrent infections, such as viral upper respiratory tract infection or other febrile diseases, can cause outbreaks. Reactivation due to infection is the likely source of the historic terms ''cold sore'' and ''fever blister''. Other identified triggers include: local injury to the face, lips, eyes, or mouth, trauma, surgery, radiotherapy, and exposure to wind, ultraviolet light, or sunlight. COMPLICATIONS If the herpes simplex virus (HSV) invades a part of the body other than the genital area, it may cause disease in that part of the body. Complications are generally rare and usually occur with the first-time (primary) genital herpes outbreak. Some of these complications include: Meningitis, an infection of the fluid (cerebrospinal fluid, or CSF) and tissues (meninges) that surround the brain and spinal cord. Encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain that is usually the result of a viral infection. Inflammation of the lower spinal cord and surrounding nerves, possibly resulting in an inability to urinate, constipation, and loss of feeling and muscle strength in the legs. Widespread infection, including viral infections of the liver, lungs, and joints. This mostly occurs in people who have impaired immune systems.