NUR TIHANI FAQIHAH BT NURUDDIN KAMAL 6 Amanah SK Jerantut Jaya, 27000 Jerantut,Pahang

Suatukeadaankebergantunganpadasesuatubah

anataucorakperilaku.Iaadalahsuatukeadaanyang semakinlamabertambahburukkesannya.Membah ayakanseseorangyang dalamketagihan, keluargadanmasyarakatumum.Seseorangyang dalamketagihangagalmengawalpenagihannya(bey ond control).Merupakansatukeadaan/penyakityang terukdanseringberulangkembali.

 a)Penagihan (i)

pada bahan ataukimia contoh: Dadah (ii)alkohol (b)Penagihanperilakuancontoh: (i)ketagihanpadaseks(ii)Perjudianatauinte rnet

(ii)

 from

January to December 2004 was 38,672persons, 19,810 or persons, 51.2%were newcases while cases 18,862 or 48.8%were relapsecases. Majority cases. were malesmales((98.2%)and 80.72%were in the reproductive age groupreproductive group(12(12--44 years of age). -BuletinAADK

 It

is estimated that: 897,624drug users in the year 2002 drug in the country, of whom 117,955were injecting drug users (13.15%) were 8% of drug users were HIV positive and 18%HIV positive among Intravenous Drug Users (IDU).

1)

Opiate Heroin/Morfin

2)Cannabis Ganja 3)ATS (Amphetamine Type Stimulants) pil-pilekstasi(party drugs)Erimin5, Ketamine& Methamphetamine(ice, syabu)

 4.

Inhalants Hidugam 5)HallucinogenLSD 6)SedatifHipnotikUbatpelali, penenang, tidur(valium) 7)NikotinAsaprokok/tembakau 8)Alkohol

1) Membawa maut (overdose) 2)PenyakitBlood Borne Viruses(HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C)Septicaemia, Thrombophlebitis,Endocarditis, dll 3)PsikososialKeruntuhanrumahtangga gejalasosial 4)PenyakitMental

December 2004 December 64,439reported reported HIV infections and 48,369 (75.1%)were injecting drug users. It is being projected that by the year 2015, the number for HIV , carriers will escalate to 300,000and and the cost of treating HIV and AIDS cases will be enormous.

5) Ekonomi Penguranganproduktiviti Pembaziran tenaga kerja Muflis 6)Peningkatanjenayah, kesesakan lokap & penjara 7)Keruntuhan akhlak & harga diri

MDMA (3-4 MethylenedioxyMethamphetamine) dadahsintetik& psikoaktif dihasilkandiGerman pada1912 1980s : Street Drug penggunaansemakinmeningkatpada90 an sebagaiparty drug/nightclubdrug juga dikenali sebagai pil ekstasi Hug Drug, Love Drug

 Hasilkan

kesan stimulasi (hasilpembebasanneurotransmitter serotonindarineuron otak) enhanced sense of pleasure self-confidence increased energy feelings of peacefulness, acceptance and empathy

Penagihan Merosakkan saraf neuron seroton imotak (serotonim mengawal ingatan, mood, tidur dan selera makan) Hasilnya: Masalah hilang ingatan keliru, gangguan tidur, kemurungan, anxietydanparanoiakadangkala bermingguminggu setelah mengambil dadah

Kesan fizikal: Kekejangan otot, involuntary teethclenching, loya, penglihatan yang kabur, pitam, kesejukan atau berpeluh Peningkatan denyutan jantung & tekanan darah Kerosakkan hepar (liver damage) Dehydration, Hyperthermia& kegagalan buah pinggang