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Course Guide Topic 1 Defining and Describing 1.1 Defining Someone or Something 1.1.1 How Definitions Work 1.1.2 Language Patterns for Definition 1.2 Describing a Mechanism 1.2.1 How to Explain a Mechanism 1.2.2 Writing Explanations of Mechanisms 1.3 Explaining Procedures 1.3.1 Stating Procedures 1.3.2 Procedures for Explaining Mechanisms Summary Key Terms Analysing 2.1 Analysing Through Classification 2.1.1 How Classifications Work 2.1.2 Language Patterns for Classification 2.2 Cause-effect and Compare-contrast Relationships 2.2.1 How Cause and Effect Works 2.2.2 How Compare/Contrast Technique Works 2.2.3 Language Structures for Making Comparison and Contrast 2.3 Analysing Through Evidence 2.3.1 Learning About Evidence 2.3.2 Looking For Evidence Summary Key Terms Summarising Writing Effective Summaries 3.1.1 Topic Sentence 3.1.2 Main Ideas 3.1.3 Substituting With a General Term 3.1.4 Omitting Details 3.2 Different Types of Summaries Summary Key Terms 3.1 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 43 43 ix xiii 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 12 15 15 16 16 18 20 22 23 25 25 28 28 28 33 33

Topic 2

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Topic 4

Technical Genre 4.1 Sending Messages: Memorandum 4.1.1 Simple Memos 4.1.2 Parts of a Simple Memo 4.1.3 Memo Report 4.2 Sending Information: E-Mail 4.2.1 Benefits of E-mail 4.2.2 Structure of an E-mail Message 4.3 Explanations of Cause Summary Key Terms Using Visuals 5.1 Why Use Visuals? 5.1.1 Describing 5.1.2 Highlighting Important Points 5.1.3 Interpreting Information Accurately 5.2 Incorporating Visuals in Text 5.2.1 Placement and Labelling in Writing 5.2.2 Talking About Visuals 5.3 The Right Words and Structures 5.3.1 Result Pattern 5.3.2 Contrast Pattern Summary Key Terms Technical Vocabulary 6.1 Lexicon Matters 6.1.1 Highly Technical Vocabulary 6.1.2 Semi-Scientific or Semi-technical Vocabulary 6.2 Formation of Technical Words 6.2.1 Suffixes 6.2.2 Numeral Prefixes 6.3 Writing For Specialist and Non-specialist Readers 6.3.1 Specialist Readers 6.3.2 Non-specialist Readers 6.3.3 Mixed Audience Summary Key Terms

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Topic 5

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Topic 7

Mathematical Concepts 7.1 Numerical Concepts 7.1.1 Concept of Real Numbers 7.1.2 Concept of Fraction 7.2 Geometrical Concept 7.2.1 Concept of Angles 7.2.2 Concept of Triangles 7.2.3 Concept of Quadrilaterals 7.3 Statistical Concepts 7.3.1 Concept of Central Tendency 7.4 Algebraic Concepts Summary Key Terms Mathematical Skills 8.1 Approximation and Estimation 8.1.1 Approximation 8.1.2 Estimation 8.2 Arithmetic Manipulation 8.2.1 Working with Whole Numbers and Their Signs 8.2.2 Working with Fractions 8.2.3 Working with Percentages 8.3 Algebraic Manipulation 8.3.1 Algebraic Expressions 8.3.2 Algebraic Equations 8.3.3 Inequality 8.4 Handling Data 8.4.1 Types of Data 8.4.2 Tables 8.4.3 Bar Charts 8.4.4 Pie Charts 8.4.5 Histograms 8.4.6 Scatter Diagrams Summary Key Terms Problem-solving Processes 9.1 Heuristics in Problem-solving 9.2 Strategies for Problem-solving 9.2.1 Looking for a Pattern 9.2.2 Working Backwards 9.2.3 Using BeforeAfter Concept 9.2.4 Making Suppositions

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Topic 8

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9.2.5 Restating the Problem 9.2.6 Simplifying the Problem 9.2.7 Using Equations Summary Key Terms References Answers

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