Cu 2: Cng thc no di y l cng thc ca ancol no, mch h chnh xc nht ? A. R(OH)n. B. CnH2n + 2O. C. CnH2n + 2Ox. D. CnH2n + 2 x (OH)x.
Cu 3: un nng mt ancol X vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c mt olefin duy nht. Cng thc tng qut ca X l (vi n > 0, n nguyn) A. CnH2n + 1OH. B. ROH. C. CnH2n + 2O. D. CnH2n + 1CH2OH.
Cu 4: Tn quc t ca hp cht c cng thc CH3CH(C2H5)CH(OH)CH3 l A. 4-etyl pentan-2-ol. B. 2-etyl butan-3-ol. C. 3-etyl hexan-5-ol. D. 3-metyl pentan-2-ol.
Cu 5: Mt ancol no c cng thc thc nghim l (C2H5O)n. CTPT ca ancol c th l A. C2H5O. B. C4H10O2. C. C4H10O. D. C6H15O3.
Cu 7: Mt ancol no n chc c %H = 13,04% v khi lng. CTPT ca ancol l A. C6H5CH2OH. B. CH3OH. C. C2H5OH. D. CH2=CHCH2OH.
Cu 8: Mt ancol no n chc c %O = 50% v khi lng. CTPT ca ancol l A. C3H7OH. B. CH3OH. C. C6H5CH2OH.D. CH2=CHCH2OH.
Cu 9: C bao nhiu ru (ancol) bc 2, no, n chc, mch h l ng phn cu to ca nhau m phn t ca chng c phn trm khi lng cacbon bng 68,18% ? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 13: Co bao nhiu ancol thm, cng thc C8H10O khi tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra anehit? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
Cu 14: Co bao nhiu ancol C5H12O khi tach nc chi tao mt anken duy nht? A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
A. 8.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 6.
Cu 17: X l ancol mch h c cha 1 lin kt i trong phn t. khi lng phn t ca X nh hn 60. CTPT ca X l A. C3H6O. B. C2H4O. C. C2H4(OH)2. D. C3H6(OH)2.
Cu 18: A, B, D la 3 ng phn co cung cng thc phn t C 3H8O. Bit A tac dung vi CuO un nong cho ra andehit, con B cho ra xeton. Vy D la A. Ancol bc III. C. Cht co nhit si thp nht. B. Cht co nhit si cao nht. D. Cht co kha nng tach nc tao anken duy nht.
Cu 18: X, Y, Z la 3 ancol lin tip trong day ng ng, trong o MZ = 1,875MX. X co c im l A. Tach nc tao 1 anken duy nht. C. Cha 1 lin kt B. Hoa tan c Cu(OH)2. D. Khng co ng phn cung chc hoc khac chc.
trong phn t.
Cu 20: Ancol X n chc, no, mch h c t khi hi so vi hiro bng 37. Cho X tc dng vi H 2SO4 c un nng n 180oC thy to thnh mt anken c nhnh duy nht. X l A. propan-2-ol. B. butan-2-ol. C. butan-1-ol. D. 2-metylpropan-2-ol.
Cu 21: Mt ancol n chc X mch h tc dng vi HBr c dn xut Y cha 58,4% brom v khi lng. un X vi H2SO4 c 170oC c 3 anken. Tn X l A. pentan-2-ol. B. butan-1-ol. C. butan-2-ol. D. 2-metylpropan-2-ol.
Cu 22: Mt cht X c CTPT l C4H8O. X lm mt mu nc brom, tc dng vi Na. Sn phm oxi ha X bi CuO khng phi l anehit. Vy X l A. but-3-en-1-ol. B. but-3-en-2-ol. C. 2-metylpropenol. D. tt c u sai.
Cu 23: Bc ca ancol l A. bc cacbon ln nht trong phn t. C. s nhm chc c trong phn t. Cu 24: Bc ancol ca 2-metylbutan-2-ol l A. bc 4. B. bc 1. C. bc 2. D. bc 3. B. bc ca cacbon lin kt vi nhm -OH. D. s cacbon c trong phn t ancol.
Cu 25: Cc ancol c phn loi trn c s A. s lng nhm OH. C. bc ca ancol. B. c im cu to ca gc hirocacbon. D. Tt c cc c s trn.
Cu 27: Cu no sau y l ng ? A. Hp cht CH3CH2OH l ancol etylic. B. Ancol l hp cht hu c trong phn t nhm -OH.
D. Tt c u ng.
Cu 28: Ancol etylic tan tt trong nc v c nhit si cao hn hn so vi ankan v cc dn xut halogen c khi lng phn t xp x vi n v A. Trong cc hp cht trn ch c ancol etylic tc dng vi Na. B. Trong cc hp cht trn ch c ancol etylic c lin kt hiro vi nc. C. Trong cc hp cht trn ch c ancol etylic c lin kt hiro lin phn t. D. B v C u ng. Cu 29: A, B, C la 3 cht hu c co cung cng thc CxHyO. Bit % O (theo khi lng) trong A la 26,66%. Cht co nhit si thp nht trong s A, B, C la A. propan-2-ol. B. propan-1-ol. C. etylmetyl ete. D. propanal.
Cu 30: Ancol etylic c ln mt t nc, c th dng cht no sau y lm khan ancol ? A. CaO. B. CuSO4 khan. C. P2O5. D. tt c u c.
Cu 31: Phng php iu ch ancol etylic t cht no sau y l phng php sinh ha ? A. Anehit axetic. B. Etylclorua. C. Tinh bt. D. Etilen.
Cu 32: Anken thch hp iu ch 3-etylpentan-3-ol bng phn ng hirat ha l A. 3,3-imetyl pent-2-en. C. 3-etyl pent-1-en. B. 3-etyl pent-2-en. D. 3-etyl pent-3-en.
Cu 33: Hirat ha 2-metyl but-2-en thu c sn phm chnh l A. 2-metyl butan-2-ol. C. 3-metyl butan-2-ol. B. 3-metyl butan-1-ol. D. 2-metyl butan-1-ol.
Cu 34: Hirat ha propen v mt olefin A thu c 3 ancol c s C trong phn t khng qu 4. Tn ca A l A. etilen. B. but-2-en. C. isobutilen. D. A, B u ng.
Cu 37: un si dn xut halogen X vi dung dch NaOH long mt thi gian, sau thm dung dch AgNO3 vo thy xut hin kt ta. X khng th l A. CH2=CHCH2Cl. B. CH3CH2CH2Cl. C. C6H5CH2Cl. D. C6H5Cl.
CH3
Br2/as
Br2/Fe, to
dd NaOH
X, Y, Z, T c cng thc ln lt l A. p-CH3C6H4Br, p-CH2BrC6H4Br, p-HOCH2C6H4Br, p-HOCH2C6H4OH. B. CH2BrC6H5, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-HOCH2C6H4Br, p-HOCH2C6H4ONa. C. CH2Br-C6H5, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH3C6H4OH, p-CH2OHC6H4OH. D. p-CH3C6H4Br, p-CH2BrC6H4Br, p-CH2BrC6H4OH, p-CH2OHC6H4OH. Cu 39. Cho chui phn ng sau :
KOH H 2 SO4 H 2 SO4 HBr NaOH dd Br2 L X T Butan-1-ol Y Z K dd r u 1800 C 1800 C
D. but-2-in.
Cu 40. Cho cc ancol sau: CH3CH2CH2OH (1) CH3CH(OH)CH3(2) CH3CH(OH)CH2OH (3 CH3CH(OH)C(CH3)3 (4) Dy gm cc ancol khi tch nc ch cho 1 olefin duy nht l A. (1), (2) B. (1), (2), (3) C. (1), (2), (4) D. (2), (3)
Cu 41: Hirat ho 2-metyl buten-2 th sn phm chnh thu c l A. 3-metyl butan-1-ol B. 3-metyl butan-2-ol C. 2-metyl butan-2-ol Cu 42: Hirat ho 2-metyl buten-2 th sn phm chnh thu c l A. 3-metyl butan-1-ol B. 3-metyl butan-2-ol C. 2-metyl butan-2-ol
Cu 43 (CD-09): Cho cc cht HCl (X); C2H5OH (Y); CH3COOH (Z); C6H5OH (phenol) (T). Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo tnh axit tng dn (t tri sang phi) l: A. (T), (Y), (X), (Z). B. (X), (Z), (T), (Y). C. (Y), (T), (Z), (X). D. (Y), (T), (X), (Z). Bi Tp t Chy: Cu 1. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol A v B thuc dy ng ng ca ancol metylic ngi ta thu c 70,4 gam CO2 v 39,6 gam H2O. gi tr ca m l: A. 16,6 gam B. 23,6 gam C. 33,2 gam D. 11 gam
Cu 2. t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ancol X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2. CTPT ca X, Y l: A. C2H6O2 v C3H8O2 C. C3H6O v C4H8O B. C2H6O v CH4O D. C2H6O v C3H8O
Cu 3. t chy hon ton 1,06g hn hp hai ancol no, n chc l ng ng k tip nhau ri cho ton b kh CO2 to thnh hp th ht vo 1 lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Sau th nghim nng ca dung dch NaOH cn li l 0,1M. Cng thc v khi lng ca tng ancol trong hn hp l: A. CH3OH : 0,32g ; C2H5OH : 0,74g C. C3H7OH : 0,42g ; C2H6O : 0,64g B. C2H5OH : 0,46g ; C3H7OH : 0,6g D. C3H7OH : 0,48g ; C4H9OH : 0,58g
Cu 4. t chy hon ton mt ancol X thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Th tch kh oxi cn dng t chy X bng 1,5 ln th tch kh CO2 thu c ( cng iu kin). CTPT ca X l:
A. C3H8O3
B. C3H4O
C. C3H8O2
D. C3H8O
Cu 5. X l mt ancol no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l: A. C2H4(OH)2 B. C3H7OH C. C3H5(OH)3 D. C3H6(OH)2
Cu 6 (B-07): X l mt ancol (ru) no, mch h. t chy hon ton 0,05 mol X cn 5,6 gam oxi, thu c hi nc v 6,6 gam CO2. Cng thc ca X l (cho C = 12, O = 16) A. C3H6(OH)2. B. C3H5(OH)3. C. C3H7OH. D. C2H4(OH)2. Cu 7 (A-09): Cho hn hp X gm hai ancol a chc, mch h, thuc cng dy ng ng. t chy hon ton hn hp X, thu c CO2 v H2O c t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4. Hai ancol l A. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3. C. C2H4(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2. B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. D. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
Cu 8 (A-09): Khi t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai ancol no, n chc, mch h thu c V lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v a gam H2O. Biu thc lin h gia m, a v V l: A. m = 2a V/22,4. B. m = 2a V/11,2. C. m = a + V/5,6. D. m = a V/5,6.
Cu 9 (A-09): t chy hon ton 0,2 mol mt ancol X no, mch h cn va 17,92 lt kh O2 ( ktc). Mt khc, nu cho 0,1 mol X tc dng va vi m gam Cu(OH)2 th to thnh dung dch c mu xanh lam. Gi tr ca m v tn gi ca X tng ng l A. 9,8 v propan-1,2-iol. C. 4,9 v propan-1,3-iol. B. 4,9 v propan-1,2-iol. D. 4,9 v glixerol.
Cu 10: Tch nc hn hp gm ancol etylic v ancol Y ch to ra 2 anken. t chy cng s mol mi ancol th lng nc sinh ra t ancol ny bng 5/3 ln lng nc sinh ra t ancol kia. Ancol Y l A. CH3-CH2-CH(OH)-CH3. B. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH. C. CH3-CH2-CH2-OH. D. CH3-CH(OH)-CH3. Cu 11: t chy hon ton mt lng hn hp X gm 2 ancol (u no, a chc, mch h, c cng s nhm -OH) cn va V lt kh O2, thu c 11,2 lt kh CO2 v 12,6 gam H2O (cc th tch kh o ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 11,20. B. 14,56. C. 4,48. D. 15,68. Cu 12 (A-12): t chy hon ton mt lng ancol X to ra 0,4 mol CO 2 v 0,5 mol H2O. X tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 to dung dch mu xanh lam. Oxi ha X bng CuO to hp cht hu c a chc Y. Nhn xt no sau y ng vi X? A. Trong X c 3 nhm -CH3. B. Hirat ha but-2-en thu c X. C. Trong X c 2 nhm -OH lin kt vi hai nguyn t cacbon bc hai. D. X lm mt mu nc brom. Cu 13 (B-12): Cho hn hp X gm ancol metylic, etylen glicol v glixerol. t chy hon ton m gam X thu c 6,72 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Cng m gam X trn cho tc dng vi Na d thu c ti a V lt kh H 2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 3,36. B. 11,20. C. 5,60. D. 6,72.
Cu 14 (B-12): t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai ancol, thu c 13,44 lt kh CO 2 (ktc) v 15,3 gam H2O. Mt khc, cho m gam X tc dng vi Na (d), thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 (ktc). Gi tr ca m l A. 12,9. B. 15,3. C. 12,3. D. 16,9.
Cu 15 (A-13): Hn hp X gm ancol metylic, ancol etylic v glixerol. t chy hon ton m gam X, thu c 15,68 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 18 gam H2O. Mt khc, 80 gam X ha tan c ti a 29,4 gam Cu(OH) 2. Phn trm khi lng ca ancol etylic trong X l A. 23%. B. 16%. C. 8%. D. 46%.
Cu 16: t chy hon ton m gam mt ancol a chc X to ra 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,4 mol H2O. X khng c kh nng tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 to ra dung dch mu xanh lam. Cho m gam X tc dng vi Na (d) thu c V lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l A. 1,12 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 2,24 lt. D. 4,48 lt.
Cu 17 (A-13): t chy hon ton hn hp X gm 0,07 mol mt ancol a chc v 0,03 mol mt ancol khng no, c mt lin kt i, mch h, thu c 0,23 mol kh CO2 v m gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l A. 2,70. B. 2,34. C. 8,40. D. 5,40.
Cu 18: t chy hon ton hn hp gm 0,1 mol etilenglicol v 0,2 mol ancol X cn dng 0,95 mol kh oxi. Sau phn ng thu c 0,8 mol kh CO2 v 1,1 mol H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l: A. C3H6(OH)2. B. C3H5(OH)3. C. C3H5OH. D. C3H7OH.
Cu 19. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp gm etilen v ancol n chc X thu c 4,48 lt kh CO2 v 4,5 gam nc. X thuc loi A. no, n chc, mch h. B. khng no, n chc, mch h. C. no, n chc, mch vng D. khng no, n chc, mch vng. Cu 20: Hn hp X gm 3 ancol n chc A, B, C trong B, C l 2 ancol ng phn. t chy hon ton 0,08 mol X thu c 3,96 gam H2O v 3,136 lt kh CO2 (ktc). S mol ancol A bng 5/3 tng s mol 2 ancol (B + C). Khi lng ca B, C trong hn hp l: A. 3,6 gam B. 0,9 gam C. 1,8 gam D. 2,22 gam