1 1
n n! L −1
= tn−1
L [t ] = n+1 sn (n − 1)!
s
1 1
at
L [e ] = L −1
= eat
s−a s−a
a
1 1
L [sin at] = 2 L −1
= sin at
s + a2 s2 + a2 a
s
L [cos at] = 2 −1 s
s + a2 L = cos at
s2 + a2
First Differentiation Formula
L [Dn x] = sn L [x] − sn−1 x(0) − sn−2 x0 (0) − · · · − x(n−1) (0)
Z t Z t
1 1
L f (u) du = L [f (t)] L −1 F (s) = L −1 [F (s)] du
0 s s 0
−1
In the following formulas, F (s) = L [f (t)], so f (t) = L [F (s)].
First Shift Formula
L [eat f (t)] = F (s − a) L −1 [F (s)] = eat L −1 [F (s + a)]
Second Differentiation Formula
n
dn F (s)
n n d
L [t f (t)] = (−1) L [f (t)] L −1 = (−1)n tn f (t)
dsn dsn